VII millennium BC c.

An archaeological excavation in the southern area of the ancient village of Çatalhöyük.

The 7th millennium BC. C. began on January 1, 7000 B.C. C. and ended on December 31, 6001 B.C. c.

In the seventh millennium BC (between 7000 and 6001 BC), agriculture spread from Anatolia (Turkey) to Bulgaria and Montenegro (Balkans), but not to Greece or Italy. The world population remained stable at around 5 million people, who lived in all parts of the planet in small nomadic tribes dedicated to gathering and hunting. In the agricultural communities of the Middle East, the cow was domesticated and the use of ceramic containers became common, spreading its use in Europe and South Asia. The first metal ornaments (gold, silver and copper) are produced.

Immense floods that began in 12,000 B.C. are still taking place in various parts of the world. C. and will continue until 5000 a. c.

Environmental changes

• Between 6465 and 6415 BC: the volcano of Lake Kurile on the Kamchatka peninsula (now Russia) erupted with force 7. He's the second largest of Holocene.
• Around 6500 B.C.: Sea level rise forms the channel of the Blade, separating France from the British islands.
• C. 6100 BC: in Storegga (Norway Sea), the last of the three slides under water causes a megatsunami that leaves traces to Scotland.
• C. 6000 a. C.
  • Sea level rise forms the Torres Strait, separating Australia from New Guinea.
  • The North Atlantic temperature drops about 3 to 6 °C due to floods.
  • In Long Island (now the United States) deciduous leaf plants appear.

Cultures

• In China Peiligang culture begins.
• In China they learn to cultivate rice, soya, millet and lume.
• In Western Asia the pottery begins.
• The first neolytic settlements are produced in Crete.
• In Serbia, the Lepenski Vir mesolicitic village is built.
• In Mehrgarh (now Baluchistan) an agricultural neolithic settlement begins.
• In New Guinea, agriculture begins among the people of Papua.
• 6000 BC: In the southwest of Iran, the region occupied by the culture of Elam becomes a cultivated region.
• In Ain Ghazal (currently a suburb east of Haman, the capital of Jordan), a Jordanian artist modeled a clay figure now at the National Museum of Haman. It shows not only a sedentary life, but the development of artistic work, which suggests that in this village there was a well-developed civilization.
• C. 7000 a. C.: begins the Critical Period of the Lytic Stage in Mexico.
• C. 7000 B.C.: On the peaceful coast of Guatemala the spicy chili, the pumpkin, the pumpkin and the avocado (according to Bailey, 1973).
• 6500 BC: In Mesopotamia the culture of Jarmo begins.
• In Englefiel, in the fiordos of southern Chile, the first occupation begins.
• Between 6500 and 5500 BC: in the village of Çatalhöyük (Turkey), the inhabitants trade with the obsidian.

Inventions, discoveries

• 7500 B.C.: The first boats are invented (cans made from hollow trunks). They were then added pads to advance and direct them.
• C. 7000 a. C.
  • in Mesopotamia invent the first ceramics.
  • Elam (southeast of Iran) becomes the first agricultural region in the world (its population leaves nomadism and becomes sedentary).
  • Agriculture appears in the valleys of the Euphrates River (which is born in Armenia, crosses Syria and flows with the Tigris River in Iraq) and the Indo River (which is born in Tibet, crosses Pakistan and flows into the Arabian Sea).
• Between 7000 and 6750 BC: In the Middle East the cow, pig, sheep and goat are domesticated.
• C. 6850-4800 BC: in Tesalia (Greece), Sesclo culture performs advanced agriculture and very early use of pottery.
• C. 6500 BC: In China the Paleolithic period ends and the Neolithic period begins.
• C. 6500 a. C.:
  • In China Houli culture begins.
  • In the Yangtse valley, rice is grown.
  • In Jarmo they manage to domesticate the pig.
  • In Turkey they domesticated the cattle.
  • In the desert of Judea (now Israel) we begin to use the so-called tissue technique naalebinding (in Danish ‘toad with needle’). In Denmark it appears in 4500 BC. There are other examples on the Arabic peninsula, ancient Egypt, the British and Scandinavian islands.
  • Jericho is a formally constituted and walled village in the Jordan River Valley. It has 2500 inhabitants for the period.
  • In Scandinavia they develop two breeds of nonwolves dogs.
• C. 6500-5500 B.C.: in the village of Çatalhöyük (Turkey) — some 5000 inhabitants — trade with the obsidian.
• C. 6200 BC: in China begins the Xinglongwa culture.
• C. 6000 BC: in China the Cishan culture begins.
• 6200 BC: in Çatal Hoyuk (Turkey), first evidence of copper casting.
  • In different places in the world, humans learn to melt metals (gold and copper) and make alloys.
• 6000 a. C.
  • In China the village Banpo develops.
  • In Jericho (Canaan) the first baked bricks are made.
  • In the village of Çatal Höyük (Turkey) they paint maps on the walls.
  • In the Balkans area, agriculture appears, possibly from Anatolia (Turkey).
  • On the east coast of the Mediterranean (Lebanon, Israel), some forms of ceramic become decorative (not only functional).
  • First apculture records. Some stone paintings—in African caves and the area of Valencia (Eastern Spain)— show men collecting honey from the trees or holes in the stones, while bees fly around.
  • In Eastern Sahara, grazing and cereal cultivation are beginning to be used.
  • About 6000 a. C. in North America they begin to produce better tools, invent ceramics, construction of burial mounds, and gardens. Stones are used to grind food. They start hunting bison and smaller animals.
  • Mexicans begin to produce an incipient agriculture.
  • In the Cueva del Guitarrero (Peru) plant fibers are attached and inserted to make baskets and carpets.
  • In Australia, painted figures are made on the rock, including saltwater fish and crocodiles.