Third of February Party

Tres de Febrero (abbreviated as 3F) is one of the 135 parties that make up the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is located in the western area of Greater Buenos Aires, northwest of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.

The Battle of Caseros took place here, a fundamental event in the history of Argentina.

Initially it was part of the San Martín Party, but then split from it in 1959. Its first mayor took office on January 1, 1960.^{[citation required]}

Its main city is Caseros, the largest and most populated in the district.^{[citation required]}

It was declared Provincial Sports Capital by the province due to its infrastructure in that sector, its practices and its organized events.

Currently it is one of the most developed districts in the area, since it has an urbanization of almost 90%.^{[citation required]}

Toponymy

Tres de Febrero is supposed to be because on this date in 1852 the Battle of Caseros took place on these lands, between General Justo José de Urquiza and Juan Manuel de Rosas, where General Urquiza triumphed and marked a historical fact for this country. (When the bill was presented by deputy Alfredo Longo in 1958, he requested that the new Party be called Caseros, after a year of treatment in the Senators the Law was issued with the name Tres de Febrero, without making any reference to the Battle of February 3, 1852)

History

The lands that currently form the district of Tres de Febrero were inhabited, before the arrival of Europeans to America and during the first years of the Spanish conquest, by the Querandíes< Indians /i> and pampas.

These aborigines preferred to establish their huts near water courses, in this case, on the banks of the current Reconquista River and the Morón streams, Maldonado and Medrano. They were dedicated to growing corn, squash and beans. With the arrival of the Spanish, the Indians fought to defend their possessions but were defeated and had to obey the conquerors.

The distribution of land that began with the second founding of Buenos Aires by Juan de Garay in 1580, marked the beginning of the process of settlement and urbanization of the area (today called the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires). The urbanization process of the Tres de Febrero district, although it presents specific characteristics, participates in its most general aspects in the development modality of the vast majority of the districts of Greater Buenos Aires. The possessions granted by Juan de Garay consisted of plots of land (properties where the houses, farms and country houses that surrounded the towns were established) and were used for the cultivation of vegetables, cereals and dairy production.

Until the first years of this century, the area fulfilled the function of supplier of agricultural products to the Federal Capital. At the beginning of the 18th century this area, formerly called Pago de las Conchas, was renamed < i>Curato de San Isidro, formed by the current parties of San Martín, San Isidro, Tres de Febrero and Vicente López. The circulation was carried out through the old royal roads linking the area with La Matanza, Morón, Luján and the Federal Capital. The installation of the railway, starting in 1876, contributed to determining the particular urban settlement of the district. Around the same time appears the rural tram of the Lacroze brothers, electric from 1908, which starting from Medrano and Corrientes streets, reached the town of San Martín, constituting, together with the low cost of properties in the area, a strong stimulus factor for the population settlement. Until the end of the 1800s, the only railway station within the district was the Caseros Station, around which administrative offices, homes and businesses of regional importance were located. From the early years of 1900, new railway stations were opened that determined the development of other urban centers, mainly residential and commercial: Santos Lugares (1906), Ciudadela (1910) and Sáenz Peña (1910).

In June 1920, the Argentine Red Cross Branch Santos Lugares was established at 3670 Ernesto Sábato Street (ex Severio Langeri 3670), providing relief and assistance to the immediate community of the town of Santos Lugares. and from there covering the entire game. This institution made great doctors such as Doctor Ceraso, Carbone, Canepa among others so important.

Until the 1930s, the development of population settlements was essentially governed by the expansion of railway service and passenger transport "the collective" (starting in 1930 in the Federal Capital) and the penetration of these services into the areas of Greater Buenos Aires, the development of industrial and housing settlements began in areas distant from the railway stations or between them. The urbanization process of the district culminated between 1970 and 1972 with the subdivision and subdivision of the vacant areas located to the northwest, such as Loma Hermosa, El Libertador, Churruca, Remedios de Escalada and 11 de Septiembre. When considering the stages of settlement, it is worth noting the influence of military settlements: Campo de Mayo and Ciudadela from 1901 and the Military College of the Nation inaugurated in 1937, which currently comprise 2.71% of the area of the district..

In 1958, deputy Alfredo Longo, born in Caseros, presented a project for the creation of a new party called “Caseros”, made up of the towns of Santos Lugares, Ciudadela, Sáenz Peña, El Palomar and Caseros. This project came to fruition on October 15, 1959 with the sanction of Law 6,065 of the Province of Buenos Aires, by which the Tres de Febrero party was created, separating itself from the party of General San Martín, in the area included by General Paz Avenue, Ferrocarril Urquiza, Triunvirato to the Reconquista River, the Reconquista River to Díaz Vélez and from this to General Paz Avenue.

The municipality of Tres de Febrero began its financial year and provision of services in general as of January 1, 1960 with headquarters in the previous mayor's office located at Lisandro Medina 2161, Caseros. Its first mayor was Mr. Ramón Landín, who was overthrown in 1962 by the military of the time.

The name Tres de Febrero is due to the fact that on that date in 1852 the Battle of Caseros was fought between the forces of Juan Manuel de Rosas and those of Justo José de Urquiza, in the lands that correspond to this party.-(it should be clarified that when the bill was presented by deputy Alfredo Longo in 1958, he requested that the new Party be called CASEROS, after a year of treatment in the Senators the Law came out with the name of THREE OF FEBRUARY, without making any reference to the Battle fought on February 3, 1852).

When the party was created in October 1959, one of the greatest obstacles that its authorities had to face was the lack of building facilities capable of housing the different organizations that were integrated, which shortly after were dispersed in fourteen different sites. This attracted great inconveniences, so in 1967, the authorities decided to move forward with an old desire: The Municipal Building. The transfer to Ferrocarriles Argentinos of the lands located between the tracks and General Hornos and Juan Bautista Alberdi streets was managed. In 1968, once the problem of the space to be occupied had been resolved, a competition was called for the presentation of projects, from which the work of architects Odilia Suárez and Eduardo Sarrailh was chosen. According to the bases, the complex should reflect a coherent urban image and with that premise the general structure of the complex was created, which among other works, contemplated a pedestrian passage under the tracks, a shopping gallery, bank branches, a church and a cultural center. The works began in 1969, under the responsibility of the company Suceso Carlos Rinaldi, which declared bankruptcy shortly after, a fact that caused major delays in the initial schedule. Fourteen years would pass, during which the work was interrupted several times for different reasons such as the different coups d'état and only in 1983, under the administration of Rodolfo Vázquez (De Facto Mayor) the transfer of the Mayor's office took place. occasion when the building was given the name "Héroes de Malvinas" as a tribute to those who offered their lives in the South Atlantic conflict and it is in 1987, when the Deliberative Council took its place, abandoning the old headquarters on Lisandro Medina street, now demolished, and which had been the seat of the first mayors.

Architecturally, the building is made up of a set of volumetric forms of exposed concrete, marking various parameters by aluminum carpentry. It is noteworthy that the original project underwent many modifications, even though with the passage of time some of the original forecasts came to fruition, such as the case of the street parallel to the roads that would connect General Hornos with Avenida San Martín.

In February 1988, the San Martín Avenue tunnel was inaugurated in the heart of Caseros. The low level crossing had its ribbon cutting shared between the governor of the Province of Buenos Aires, Antonio Cafiero and two mayors: Héctor Dáttoli and Jorge Mangas. The latter was the one who was in office, while the presence of the official who fulfilled his mandate was due to the fact that he was the project manager.

In 1995, the National University of Tres de Febrero (UNTreF) was created through bill No. 24,495, which has its main headquarters in Caseros, but has six headquarters distributed throughout the area and in the City. Autonomous of Buenos Aires, it currently has around 22,000 students and 32 undergraduate courses, 16 master's degrees, 9 diplomas, 4 doctorates, 16 specializations and 8 postgraduate courses. At the Caseros headquarters is MUnTreF (The University Museum) where several exhibitions of renowned artists such as Pablo Picasso are held in 2010.

Shield

After three decades of creating the district of Tres de Febrero, its authorities decided to promote the creation of a new shield, finally chosen in 1990. The shield was created by Néstor Oscar Cucchetti its description symbols and colors are as follows:

• Caduceo: It is a mythological symbol regarded as an emblem of peace, harmony, trade and health, that is to maintain peace, exercising power with prudence and fruitful activity.
• Book and Pen:. Stressing the activity carried out in the district by educational establishments of the three levels (municipal, provincial and national) and the official and private unit.
• Industry: The industries established Three of FebruaryThey generate large sources of resources, not only for the district, but for the whole nation. Exports of auto parts of cars, motorcycles, tractors and food represent a contribution that even exceeds some provinces of the country.
• Historic Monument: The well-known Palomar de Caseros is one of the main historical features of the roots of the party, located today in the gardens of the Military College of the Nation.

It is made up of two circular constructions with a ground floor and first floor, and an independent lower one that protrudes in the form of a tower. The construction was made up of niches for the pigeons made up of four bricks superimposed as pilasters and two crossed ones that served as the roof and floor for the upper nest, up to the height of the cornice. This monument gives the impression of a particular fortress, whose unplastered walls have resisted over time. Thousands of pigeons nested there. During the Battle of Caseros, a group of riflemen belonging to Rosas' troops took cover at the top of the Tower, while the infantry, presenting three lines of rifles, supported by another line of cannons and four rocket launchers located on the circumference of the base, they tried to defend their position. On May 21, 1942, this building was declared a Historical Monument.

• Sun: Crown to the shield, preserves the symbolism and features of the same sun that crowns the National Shield.
• Blue and White Ribbon: Represents in silver the patrios colors.
• Espiga and Trigo: Represents the first cereal plantations in the area and fruity mountains that runs Diego Casero in 1781.
• Rama de Laureles: It is a clear symbol of victory, glory and honor, it was appointed in homage to the unknown soldier, fallen in the struggles for independence and as a reminder of the great contingents of migrants who forged our present.
• Cruz: Symbol of supplication, sacrifice and redemption. By the deep faith that each town has and also architectural monuments such as the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes in Holy Places.
• Symbolization of Colors:

• Gold/Yellow: wealth, faith, purity, perseverance and strength.

• Blue: Realism, majesty and beauty.

• Sinople: Hope, abundance and freedom.

Flag

The colors that were used in the flag, as already explained, are found in both the shield and the party flag.

• Blue: It means justice, loyalty, perseverance.
• White: It means temperance, truth, integrity.
• Yellow: It means nobility, power, sovereignty.
• El Palomar, represents the traditions of the region and its use establishes a line of continuity between the first settlers, the current and the future.
• The pigeon is surrounded by fifteen golden stars; each star symbolizes each of the fifteen localities that make up our district. Originally the author thought of the possibility of placing fifteen leaves of tala, a tree of great presence in the district, finally decided by the stars to mean that each neighborhood shines with its own light. Each star is equidistant of the pigeon which represents that no locality should have preeminence over others. Yellow denotes sovereignty.
• The Palomar group and the stars represent the geographical location of the district in the Buenos Aires conurban: the Northwest, that provision - which is, in short, the one that determines the entire flag - also carries a message: from an apparently marginal position, you can also win the center.
• At the top left appears Don Diego Cassero's pigeon, who was one of the first owners of these lands. The pigeon - located inside the Military College and declared historical monument - is a strong district reference.
• The colors of the flag, two thirds of blue and one third of white, are the same as those of the national flag. They are the same colors but distributed in another way; that is, applying the new but without losing sight of the traditional and respecting the superior order that the Argentine National Flag means. It is valid to clarify that in vexilology the celestial is a "tone" of the mother color that is the "azur". The external structure is simple but hides a complex progression of evolution and predominance of blue (color identified with the ideal of justice).
• The number that organizes the flag is 3 (three). Since three colors are used, three elements (horizontal cloths, stars, pigeon), the stars are 15 (multiple of three), the arches of Palomar are 12 (multiple of three), the horizontal cloths are divided into thirds. This organization collects the Western tradition in which the elementary postulates are tripartite: state powers, bases of Catholicism, Freudian psychic apparatus, Pierce's signic concept, just to cite some examples.
• The contest was conducted by the Undersecretariat for Press and Ceremonial, in charge of Daniel Galera. The jury was chaired by the Municipal Intendent (Hugo Curto), Professor Alberto Perazzo (President of the Argentine Association of Vexilology), Horacio Callegari (Pte. Junta de Estudios Históricos de Tres de Febrero) and Julio Mario Luqui Lagleyze (Vexilologist). 184 works were presented after a first selection were 17 and then 3 until the project of Sergio García, Necino de Martín Coronado was finally selected.
• The author of the flag is Sergio García, who lives in Martín Coronado, a journalist graduated from TEA (Workshop School Agency), worked in graphic design teams, but - from 2006 to the present - he has dedicated himself to teaching. He is Professor of Spanish, Literature and Latin, graduated from the Higher Institute of Vocational Training "Dr. Joaquín V. González" with honorary medal. It is part of the management team of the DS Instituto Ballester and teaches at EMAC in the Writing and Journalism Training. In 2016 and 2017 he has participated with his fictional texts of editions of authors promoted by the Undersecretary of Culture of the Municipality of Tres de Febrero.

Politics

Like the 135 districts of the Province of Buenos Aires, the Tres de Febrero party is headed by a mayor and a deliberative council which is renewed in halves every 2 years. The mayor has a mandate that lasts four years and can be re-elected a second time after the promulgation of a provincial law in 2016. The mayor is elected by vote in the National Elections of the Argentine Republic, which are held every four years. years.

Currently the mayor of the district is Diego Valenzuela who was elected for the first time, defeating the historic mayor Hugo Omar Curto who had been in office since 1991. He is incorporated into the Alianza Cambiemos, but belongs to the PRO. His second term will end on December 10, 2023.

Intendants

Municipal elections

Elections in the 2020s

Elections in the 2010s

Elections in the 2000s

Elections in the 1990s

Elections in the 1980s