Third generation of computers
The third generation of computers was between 1965 and 1971. The late 1950s saw the invention of the integrated circuit, or chip, by Jack S. Kilby and Robert Noyce. Then he led Ted Hoff to the invention of the microprocessor, at Intel. In the late 1960s, researchers such as George Gamow in DNA formed a code, another way of coding or programming.
From this date, various tiny transistors and other electronic components began to be packaged into a single chip or package, which contained within it a complete circuit: an amplifier, [logic gate]]. Naturally, with these chips (integrated circuits) it was much easier to assemble complicated devices: radio or television receivers and computers.
In 1964, IBM announced the first group of machines built with integrated circuits, which received the name Edgar series. This can be found in the first generation of computers.
These third generation computers completely changed and destroyed the second generation of this generation, introducing a new way of programming that is still maintained in today's great computers.
These are the main advantages of the third generation of computers:
- Reduced power consumption
- Appreciable reduction of space occupied by the apparatus
- Increased reliability and flexibility
- Teleprocess
- Multiprogramming
- Renovation of peripherals
- It was calculated π (P number) with 500 thousand decimals.
- The integrated circuits began to be used.
. Creation of an extra minicomputer. Relevant machines:
- IBM 360: The IBM company marked the beginning of this generation on April 7, 1964, with the launch of IBM 360, with integrated SLT technology. It caused such an impact that more than 30,000 units were manufactured.
- CDC 6600: also in 1964 the Control Data Corporation, presented the CDC 6600, which was considered the most powerful computer of the time, as it could execute some 3,000.000.000 of instructions per second.
- Minicomputers, not so expensive and with great processing capacity. Some of the most popular were PDP-8 and PDP-11.