Tehran Province

The Tehran Province (Persian: استان تهران) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran, has more than 19 million inhabitants and is the most densely populated province in Iran. It has an area of about 18,637 km² and is located north of the central Iranian plateau.

The province of Tehran borders the provinces of Mazandarán to the north, Qom to the south, Semnán to the east, and Qazvín to the west. The city of Tehran is the capital of both the province and the country, being the central district of the province. Other districts are: Shemiranat, Rey, Islam Shahr, the city of Ray, Karaj, Jajrud, Lar, and Rud Shur. The province reached its importance when Tehran was replaced as the capital in 1778 by the Kayar dynasty. However, the city of Rey is the oldest area in this region of Iran. Also, they say that this city was once the capital of the Parthian dynasty. It is also considered one of the oldest cities in the world. Today (2021) Tehran is among the 20 largest cities in the world.

Geography

Tehran has been the capital of Iran since 1778.

The high Elburz mountain range in Tehran rises above the modern skyscrapers of the Elahiyeh district.

Tehran province has more than 14 million inhabitants and is the most densely populated region of Iran. [1] Archived February 22, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Approximately 84.15% reside in urban areas and 15.85% in rural areas of the province.

The highest point in the province is Mount Damavand, which rises to 5,678 ms. no. m.; the lowest point in the province is the Varamin Plains, 790 m s. no. m.

The longest rivers in this province are the Karaj River and the Jajrud River.

Mountain ranges such as the Elburz cover the north: Savad Kuh and Firuz Kuh lie in the northeast; Lavasanat, Qarah Daq, Shemiranat, Hassan Abad and Namak mountains are found in the southern areas; Bibi Shahr Banu and Alqadr lie in the southeast and the Qasr-e-Firuzeh heights lie in the eastern part of the province.

Speaking from an environmental point of view, the climate of Tehran province in the southern areas is hot and dry, but in the vicinity of the mountains it is cold and semi-humid, and in the higher regions it is cold with long winters. The warmest months of the year are from mid-July to mid-September, when temperatures range from 28º to 30º and the coldest months are 1ºC around December-January, but at certain times in winter it can be 15 °C below zero. The city of Tehran has mild winters and hot summers. The average annual rainfall is approximately 200 mm, being the maximum during the winter season.

History

The aqueménide collection of the National Museum of Iran in Tehran.

Tehran province has several archaeological sites indicating settlements dating back several thousand years. Until three hundred years ago, Ray was the most prominent of the cities in the province. However, the city of Tehran grew to become the largest city and capital of Iran by the year 1778, and has been the commercial, economic, cultural, and political core of Iran ever since.

Tehran has more than 1,500 historical points of cultural significance registered with the Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran. The oldest of these in Tehran province are the remains of two sites in the Firuzkuh district dating back to the 4th millennium BC. c.

Divisions

• Districts:

• Absard, Andishe, Baghershahr, Baghestan, Boumehen, Chahardangeh, Damavand, Eshtehard, Eslamshahr, Ferdowsieh, Firouzkouh, Garmdarreh, Gharchak, Ghods, Golestan, Shahriar, Hashtgerd,

Tehran province today

Tehran is the commercial heart of Iran. Tehran province has about 17,000 industrial units employing 390,000 people, 26% of all units in Iran. The province contains 30% of Iran's economy and comprises 40% of the Iranian consumer market. It has three swamps called Latiyan, Lar and Amir Kabir as well as two natural lakes, providing water for Tehran and its province. It contains 170 mines, over 330 square kilometers of forests and more than 12,800 km² of pastures.

Generally speaking, throughout the year, regions such as the southern slopes of the Elburz Mountains, especially in the mountains, valleys, and rivers and artificial lakes formed after the large dams of Amir Kabir, Latiyan, and Lar along with natural lakes de Jaban and Tarr provide considerable recreation for the province.

Furthermore, due to the excessive snowfall in the northern areas of the province during the winter season, the Elburz form an excellent environment for winter sports such as skiing. Dizin, Shemshak and Tochal are the most popular ski resorts.

Parks and other attractions

Niavaran Palace and Gardens

• Darband (senda)
• Chitgar Park
• Mellat Park
• Laleh Park
• Jamshidieh Park
• Niavaran Park
• Sa'ei Park
• Shatranj Park
• Tangeh Savashi
• Police Park
• Trail Darabad
• Trail Darakeh
• Jahan-e Kudak Park
• Azadi Sports Complex
• Sports Complex and Enghelab Golf Course
• Several caves, springs and waterfalls outside Tehran.
• Lake Latyan
• Lavizan Forest Park
• Vard-Avard Forest Park
• Khajeer National Park
• National park Kaveer
• Lake Tar
• Lake Amir Kabir
• Protected natural habitat of Lar
• Protected natural habitat of Varjeen

Religious centers

Mosques, shrines, mausoleums and tombs

• Soltani Mosque, built by Fath Ali Sah Kayar
• Atiq Mosque, built in 1663.
• Mo'ezz o-dowleh Mosque, built by Fath Ali Sah Kayar
• Haj Seyd Azizollah Mosque, built by Fath Ali Sah Kayar
• Al-javad Mosque, Iran’s first modernist design mosque
• The ancient mosque of Sepahsalar, another prominent mosque of the Kayar era
• The new mosque in Sepahsalar (Madreseh e Motahari)
• Mezquita Filsuf o-dowleh, Kayar period
• Moshir ol-Saltaneh Mosque, Kayar era
• Mo'ayyer Mosque ol-Mamalik, Kayar period
• Mausoleum of Shahr Banu
• Mausoleum Javan-mard Qassaba semi-mythic pre-Islamic hero
• Dozens of Imam-zadeh shrines, with hundreds of years old, including Imam Zadeh Saleh.
• Dozens of Saqao Khanehs: Traditional places of prayer
• Several Tekyehs: traditional places for Muharram mourning ceremonies by Husayn ibn Ali.
• Cemetery Ibn Babviyehwhere many great Iranians are buried, including Tajti and Ali Akbar Dehjoda
• Cemetery of Zahiroddoulé, where are buried figures of art and culture such as Irach Mirzá, Mohammad Taqí Bahar, Forugh Farrojzad, Abolhasán Sabá, Ruhollah Jaleqí and Darvish Jan
• Kordan Tomb, Silent, Karaj.
• Maydanak Tomb, 13th Century, Karaj
• Polish cemetery north of Tehran, where many Western allied soldiers are buried

Churches

• Surep Georg Church, 1790
• Thaddeus Bartoqimus Church, 1808
• Tatavus Church, Kayar Age
• Enjili Church, 1867
• Assyrian Church

Colleges and Universities

Clica here. for a video clip on the University of Tehran.

Main universities in Tehran province:

• 1. Allameh Tabatabaii University
  2. Amirkabir University of Technology (Teheran Polytechnic) (website)
  3. Alzahra University (website)
  4. Shamsipour Technical College (website)
  5. Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
  6. Farabi Institute of Virtual Higher Education
  7. University of Iran of Science and Technology (IUST)(Website)
  8. Imam Hossein University
  9. Imam Sadeq University (ISU)
  10. University of Iran of Medical Sciences
  11. K.N.Toosi University of Technology
  12. Shahed University
  13. Shahid Beheshti University (website)
  14. Sharif Technology University (website)
  15. Universidad Tarbiat Modarres (University of Teacher Training)(Website)
  16. University of Tehran of Medical Sciences
  17. Tarbiat Moaalem University
  18. University of Arts
  19. University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
  20. University of Tehran (website) Archived on 7 July 2009 at Wayback Machine.
  21. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-Cience and Research
  22. Azad Islamic University of Varamin Archived December 4, 2008 at Wayback Machine.
  23. Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr
  24. Azad Islamic University of Karaj Archived on 11 June 2016 in Wayback Machine.
  25. Azad Islamic University of Damavand
  26. Azad Islamic University of Rudehen
  27. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-Medical Sciences
  28. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-North
  29. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-South
  30. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-Central Archived July 25, 2016 at Wayback Machine.
  31. Azad Islamic University of Tehran-Region 1
  32. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (website)
  33. University of Emam Reza (breakable link available on the Internet Archive; see history, first version and last).
  34. Institute for Studies in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (IPM) (Website)
  35. Hadith College of Tehran
  36. Imam Ali University for Army Officers
  37. Integral University of Technology
  38. University of Tehran of Applied Sciences and Technology
  39. Colegio de Teherán de Medio Ambiente Archived on April 8, 2018 at Wayback Machine.
  40. Bagher Aloloum University
  41. International University of Iran
  42. Iranian Telecommunications College
  43. Medical University for the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran
  44. NAJA University of Police
  45. School of Economic Affairs (SEA)
  46. School of International Relations
  47. Shahed University of Medical Sciences
  48. Shahid Sattari University of Aeronautical Engineering
  49. University of Islamic sects
  50. Oil Industry Research Institute
  51. Instituto Petroquímico y de Polímeros de Iran
  52. Institute of Energy and Water Technology (PWIT) ()
  53. Payame Nur University (website)