Sinchi rock

Sinchi Roca (Sinchi Ruq'a) was an Inca ruler possibly born in Tampuquiro. He was the son of Manco Cápac and his wife Mama Ocllo and marriage is attributed to both Mama Coca and Chimpu Urma (the chroniclers do not agree).

He is considered the second ruler of the Incas in a time of territorial extension: but also the initiator of the integration and union with neighboring towns through reciprocal relations. It is not known if as a result of alliances with other populations he co-ruled with representatives of other nationalities or assumed general command. The references agree that he attracted the interest of neighboring towns due to the technological advancement of his people, especially in the agricultural field. What motivated the offer of agreements and integrating alliances of different nearby towns.

Sinchi Roca was the first to wear the imperial tassel of the maskaypacha, a sign of supreme dignity. Sinchiruka dedicated himself to maintaining and perfecting all that his father Manco Cápac had achieved.

Through the Collasuyo (south), he conquered the Pukina, Kanchi and other nations as far as Chuncara. With this he gained about 100 kilometers of territorial domain. Through the Umasuyo (northwest of Lake Titicaca) he conquered the Cancalla, Cacha, Rurucachi, Asillu, Asancaru, Huancani and Pucara. Through the Antisuyo (east) he reached a river called Callahuaya .

"He carried a lot of land from the Andes mountains to the sacred valley of the Incas, which made his soil very fertile, and that the square of the city that was a tremendous swamp, dried it and roasted it, desicing it as it is seen today. However, during their period the incas hardly exceeded the regional level. The possibility that he has only been ruler of half of the nascent incarcerated is not ruled out, so the testimonies coincide in his condition of Hurin Cusco. Hanan Cusco must have had another ruler. "

Biography

Etymology

Sinchi was an ancient Inca military position, equivalent to General or Warrior and Ruqqa was a noble title equivalent to a prince who took the ecclesiastical path, the Alpine, so it is literally translated as the warrior prince, but Ruqqa also means Magnificent or Memorable, which is why some translate it as Prudent Prince or Magnificent Warrior, so it can be said that it would also be translated as Magnificent Warrior Prince.

Childhood and Adolescence

He was born in Tampuquiro in the Kingdom of Pallata in approximately 1105, when his parents had not yet arrived in Cusco, not much is known about this stage of his life, he married Mama Coca, daughter Suric Huaman, lord of Saña, the Inca established an alliance that would be essential to maintain control of the region. Sinchi Roca invited his mother-in-law and his allies to establish his residence in Cusco; They did so, occupying the westernmost sector of the city

Government

When Manco Cápac died, his descendants became the panaca Chima, belonging to the Hurin Qosqo faction. As would happen with all his successors until the time of Cápac Yupanqui , they resided in Inticancha, on lands that had been stripped from the sauasirais. Manco Cápac was succeeded in government by Prince Sinchi Roca, who despite belonging to another ayllu -Masca- received the support of his people, due to the outstanding participation he had as captain of his father's forces during the takeover of Cusco.

According to the chronicler Cabello de Balboa reports that his grandmother Mama Huaco placed the mascaipacha or royal crown on him at his coronation ceremony, he imposed the name of Cuzco on the city founded by his father; she expanded the Inticancha or Temple of the Sun and turned part of it into his home. In order to continue erecting the buildings of the new population, he had to drain a lake or swamp, "closing it with large slabs and thick logs", which seems to have represented the first channeling of the Huatanay and Tullumayo rivers. He had many loads of earth brought from the mountains of Antisuyo in order to turn the barren fields into fertile ones. Finally, to surround himself with faithful warriors united by caste bonds, he celebrated a Warachikuy in Huanacaure and Tamboquiro with 4,000 boys of the Inca nobility, piercing their ears and dressing them with war huaras, Fray Marín de Murúa, for his part, points out that he was the first to expressly order all of his lineage to pierce their ears as a sign of nobility; fact that showed him powerful in the eyes of his neighbors, who went to visit him in the Inticancha, rendering him vassalage in exchange for protection.

The chronicles say that "Sinchi Roca was not a man of war, and so he did not notice the thing indicated in arms, nor did he leave the seat of Cusco by himself or by his captains". The truth is that Sinchi Roca only tried to establish his domain in the entire Sacred Valley of the Incas, a purpose that he achieved by force.

The chronicler Pedro Cieza de León, awarded him the execution of important works, such as: *The extension of the Intihuasi, The construction of platforms and the transfer of fertile land to the Sacred Valley of the Incas, The drying of the swamp of the middle part of the central sector.

The extension of the Intihuasi was carried out by Sinchi Roca with complete certainty because the original structure built by Manco Cápac was, according to Bernabé Cobo, "made of humble and rough work of wall and earth adobes; because in those rustic times the way of carving stone that his successors later achieved had not been seen or used, and also because the importance of the rite to Father Sun demanded that this temple command respect and amazement in the surrounding towns. Likewise, Sinchi Roca must have built facilities to house his own family, his personal guard and his servants, since those built by his predecessor, as had been established, remained in the possession of Chima Panaca, the ayllu relative of Manco Cápac. In addition, it would have been materially impossible for the father's rooms to also house the son and those close to him. We assume that Sinchi Roca built his facilities in the upper part of the triangular promontory of the terminal part of the central sector, facing the Intipampa square and to the southeast of the Intihuasi.

The lands at the head of the central sector were not fertile and were subject to frequent flooding. Therefore, to improve agricultural production it was essential to overcome this situation. Thus, according to Pedro Cieza de León, Sinchi Roca had extensive platforms built on the slopes and thousands of loads of fertile soil brought there, possibly to the lands adjacent to the interfluvial triangle, in the east, between the channels of the Quencomayo and the Tullumayo, and, in the west, between those of Saphy and Chunchulmayo. In the northeast, the terraces were able to reach the route of the new northeast-southwest road and the agricultural lands that had previously belonged to the Hualla.

Regarding the drying up of the swamp, despite the fact that both Cieza de León and Antonio de Herrera attribute it to him, it is unlikely that Sinchi Roca did it. It is a job that would have demanded an organization and a power that were not within their reach, in addition to the fact that, through it, the alcaviza, bitter adversaries of the Incas and located on the very edge of the tremendous, would have benefited greatly with new agricultural land made available to them. The Incas would have made a serious political-strategic mistake by executing these works at that time. Luis E. Valcárcel, in his Historia del Perú antiguo, maintains that these "data refer to facts that correspond rather to Inca Roca".

Lastly, it is possible that Sinchi Roca, in order to strengthen the alliance with his father-in-law, chieftain of the Saña, modified the layout of the road to the southeast to move it away from the Huatanay riverbed towards higher lands. Thus, from the confluence of the Saphy, the Tullumayo and the Chunchulmayo, the road relationship between Cusco and Saño would have become more direct, comfortable and safe.

Apparently, the Inca was not interested in expanding his domain. The Jesuit Bernabe Cobo points out that his dominion did not go beyond the town of Cinga. However, Sinchi Roca, "with flattery and great offers" he got some major curacas to join him forming a confederation. When making these alliances, both the protection that the ethnic groups gave each other in case of war, as well as the benefit of mutual aid through collaboration in public works for all the towns of the valley, were taken into account. On the other hand, Huaman Poma De Ayala mentions that he did not worry about expanding Cusco, he only consolidated his domains, which he did by force.

"His son Sinchi Roca, and Mama Ocllo, his mother and aunt, came to pass by the appointment of the father and by the custody of the Ayllus, who then all lived together, and not by the choice of the natural, because they were all at that time fled, imprisoned, wounded and banished, and were finally all their mortal enemies because of their father Manco Cápac, who had so many cruelties and thefts. It was not Sinchi Roca, a man of war, and so he does not know of him what was pointed out in weapons, nor did he leave the seat of Cusco for himself or for his captains. He didn't increase anything to what his father left unburied. This man had Mama Coca as a woman, of the people of the year, in which there was a son named Lloque Yupanqui, who means left, because he was. He left his ayllu Raura Panaca Ayllu; they are from the side of Urin Cusco. There are now some of this ayllu, and the main ones are called Don Alonso Puscon and Don Diego Quispe. " Fragment de Sarmiento de Gamboa sobre Sinchi Roca (tote de Historia de los Incas).

Death

After ruling 19 years according to Sarmiento de Gamboa, and 30 according to Garcilaso, he died very old and "he was much mourned and mourned and they gave him very sumptuous gifts, keeping his bundle as a memory that it had been good". Along with his mallqui or mummy, he deposited his huauqui or family idol, a stone in the shape of a fish that they named Huana Chiri Amaro.

Sinchi Roca had decided that his son Manco Sacapa was going to inherit the throne, however he changed his decision for unknown reasons, granting the throne to Lloque Yupanqui.

Date

The exact dates on which Sinchi Roca lived and reigned are unknown, but they vary widely among different historians. According to Sarmiento de Gamboa (1572) he was born in 548 and reigned between 656 and 675 (exceeding 100 years at the beginning of his reign) [1]; according to Cabello Balboa (1586) he reigned between 1006 and 1083 [2]; Others speak of 1062 to 1091 or 1178 and 1197 [3] [4].

Works

• He bonded friendship with the head of the Saña ethnic group.
• He bonded friendship with the head of the great Ayamarca ethnic group.
• He resisted the continued attacks of enemy ethnic groups.
• Wide the Inticancha.