Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement - 200

The Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement 200 or MBR-200 was a civic-military left-wing revolutionary movement, founded by then Lieutenant Colonel Hugo Chávez in 1982 as evolution of EBR-200 (Revolutionary Bolivarian Army). This last movement was born in 1983, on the occasion of the commemoration of the 200 years of the birth of the Liberator Simón Bolívar through the oath of the Samán de Güere made by Chávez.

It is important to note that this movement was influenced by the Venezuelan left and the following parties: Communist Party of Venezuela, Party of the Venezuelan Revolution, MIR of Venezuela, Red Flag Party among others which also joined other groups within the Armed Forces such as the Revolutionary Alliance of Active Military (Weapon), belonging to Bolivarian Military Aviation.

Background

After the coup d'etat of 1958 the democratic action parties, COPEI and the URD signed the so -called Punto de Affix a governance agreement where the parties agreed to recognize the result of the presidential elections of 1958, all in order to avoid the Adecco Triennium Sectarism. The Communist Party of Venezuela was excluded from the pact for ideological divergences, subsequently the weapons founding the faln and participating in the curupanazo and the porteñazo, so the party was illegalized.

<p Subsequently, he meets President Romulo Betancourt with the purpose of requesting financial support, which was denied.

Castro wins many Venezuelan collaborators and holds meetings with communist leaders such as Gustavo Machado, Fabricio Ojeda, Douglas Bravo, Alí Rodríguez Araque (this being Castro's closest collaborator in Venezuela), Pompeyo Márquez, Américo Martin, Teodoro Petkoff among others, to organize the beginning of the armed struggle with guerrilla groups such as the faln, to take power in Venezuela.

The Armed Forces of National Liberation (FALN) were the guerrilla organization created by the Communist Party of Venezuela (PCV) in 1962 to give rise to the nascent rebel groups that began to operate in the country in order to overthrow the government of Romulo Betancourt. According to the former officials of Cuban intelligence Ulises Estrada, the creation of the faln was framed in a support policy of Fidel Castro to the armed movements of Latin America.

The top leader of these groups in Venezuela was Douglas Bravo. Financed by Castro, they quickly create numerous spotlights throughout Venezuela.

These armed organizations were responsible, in 1962, for being linked to two armed uprisings in the Venezuelan armed forces. The first, the Carupanazo, was a military insurrection of the left in Carúpano; It broke out at midnight on May 4, 1962. The second, the Porteñazo, was an uprising of the Naval Base Agustín Nario against the government of President Romulo Betancourt occurred between June 2 and 3, 1962. Fidel Castro, noticing the Armed failure in Venezuela, breaks relations with Bravo and immediately cuts economic support.

The three root tree

The Bolivarian Revolution project arises in 1964, when Douglas Bravo proposes, through a report on the political-military situation before the 5th Conference of the Communist Party of Venezuela, Revolutionary Bolivarianism. In 1965, he is expelled from the Communist Party of Venezuela. Bravo offers Mexican journalist Mario Menéndez, from the Magazine events, an interview where he claims the ' Marxismo-Leninismo-Bolivarian '.

In 1966 the Venezuelan Revolution Party (PRV) was founded, whose name is placed by Fabricio Ojeda. This adopts the thesis of the Communist Party of Venezuela of 1957 on the need to boost a civic-military alliance to realize the revolution, but is increasingly separated from the classical Marxist-Leninist thought, pointing towards socialism with Venezuelan particularities. The ideology of ' the three roots ', positions long discussed by the guerrilla chiefs in their process of review of the left-revolutionary thought.

The tactical turn

Douglas Bravo concludes that a revolution could not achieve it with the armed forces against; So he changed his armed struggle strategy to infiltrate cadets at the Venezuelan Military Academy. He and his collaborators recruited young people from all over Venezuela in order to turn them into future career officers and non -commissioned officers to take power in Venezuela, supporting the revolution promoted by him.

Among the infiltrated cadets was Hugo Chávez, from Sabaneta, who moved to Barinas to continue the baccalaureate. There he became friends and student of Marxist José were Ruiz Guevara, one of Douglas Bravo's guerrillas, who every afternoon indoctrinated Marxism to the children of the community.

Fidel Castro places with Douglas Bravo his man of greatest confidence in Venezuela, Alí Rodríguez Araque, who kept him informed of all revolutionary movements in this country. Fidel was aware of all the movements of Bravo and his infiltration strategies of the Venezuelan armed forces. Bravo had contacts within the Military Academy to carry out this task, such as Major William Izarra.

Amnesty to the military of the coup d'etat of 1992

During the second government of Rafael Caldera, all the military responsible for the first and second attempted coup d'etat of Venezuela of 1992, giving them political opportunity in Venezuela. The decline of traditional parties and the populist movement initiated by Caldera, gave Hugo Chávez to start their own political movement, which crystallized when consolidating and movement V Republic (MVR) from the revolutionary Bolivarian movement - 200 (MBR -200), which achieved a clear victory in the 1998 presidential elections.

Continuation of the Movement

In 2001, Chávez denounced the bureaucratization of the fifth republic movement under Luis Miquilana and proposed the relaunch of the original MBR-200. This would eventually lead to the consolidation of his movement under the label of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela in 2007.

MAIN MEMBERS

• Hugo Chávez (founder)
• Raul Isaias Baduel
• Jesus Urdaneta
• Felipe Antonio Acosta Carlez
• Francisco Arias Cárdenas
• Yoel Acosta Chirinos
• Nicolas Maduro
• Cilia Flores
• Goddamn Hair