Reus

Reus is a municipality and city in the province of Tarragona, autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. Capital of the Bajo Campo region, its population amounts to 106,741 inhabitants (INE 2022).

Toponymy

The origin of the name is a derivation of the Latin word that designated the crossroads (Reddis).^{[citation required]}

Symbols

The first flag of Reus was made of silk in 1774 and was in use until 1943. The flag was crimson red with the coat of arms in the center. In 1943, it seems that red was associated with the left that had just been defeated in the civil war (1936-39) and was therefore changed.^{[citation required]} As the historical coat of arms was a heraldic rose on a silver field, the new flag was white with a heraldic rose in the center. From 1943 to the present, several minor variations of the rose have been used, without changing the general appearance of the flag.

Currently the rose has a new version taken from the official emblem of the town. Since the emblem is official, the flag is supposed to be, but there is no record that it is officially approved by the Generalitat of Catalonia. The city council uses it in all its acts but has not confirmed that it has been officially recognized.

Geography

Integrated into the Bajo Campo region, of which it is the capital, it is located 14 kilometers from the provincial capital. The relief of the municipality is predominantly flat, so that the altitude oscillates between 274 meters near Castellvell del Camp and 32 meters near Vila-seca. The city stands 117 meters above sea level. Two old villas are part of the current municipality of Reus: El Burgar and Mascalbó. In the past, La Boella (currently in the municipality of La Canonja), Rubió and Las Comes d'Ulldemolins were also separate villas. The Reus airport, which is located between the municipalities of Reus and Constantí, offers regular flights all year round with several European cities, the frequency of which increases during the summer period.

Northwest: L'Aleixar	North: Castellvell del Camp, Almoster and La Selva del Camp	Northeast: Constant
West: Riudoms		This: Constant
Southwest: Riudoms	South: Vila-seca	Sureste: Tarragona

Climate

Reus has a typical Mediterranean climate which, according to the Köppen climate classification, corresponds to the Csa Mediterranean climate.

Average weather parameters of Reus Airport observatory (Reus municipality) (71 m. n. m.) (reference period: 1981-2010, extremes: 1952-2016)
Month	Ene.	Feb.	Mar.	Open up.	May.	Jun.	Jul.	Ago.	Sep.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Annual
Temp. max. abs. (°C)	24.2	25.0	27.7	30.2	32.8	36.8	37.4	38.0	33.8	32.5	28.8	22.6	38.0
Average temperature (°C)	14.1	14.9	17.1	19.0	22.2	26.3	29.3	29.4	26.3	22.3	17.5	14.6	21.1
Average temperature (°C)	9.0	9.7	11.9	13.8	17.2	21.2	24.2	24.6	21.5	17.5	12.6	9.7	16.1
Temp. medium (°C)	3.9	4.5	6.6	8.6	12.1	16.1	19.1	19.7	16.6	12.7	7.6	4.7	11.1
Temp. min. abs. (°C)	-7.6	-8.0	-5.4	1.0	3.6	7.4	10.5	10.8	5.5	0.2	-4.0	-7.5	-8.0
Total precipitation (mm)	29.4	28.0	27.9	37.1	54.4	25.1	15.3	42.4	77.3	74.8	52.9	36.5	500.1
Precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)	4.0	3.5	3.8	5.0	5.4	3.1	2.0	3.6	5.1	6.0	4.4	4.1	49.8
Days of snow (≥)	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4
Hours of sun	157	162	197	222	251	274	306	265	209	182	157	145	2527
Relative humidity (%)	70	68	67	66	66	63	63	66	70	73	72	72	68
Source: State Meteorology Agency

Town Hall Square at the beginning of the centuryXX.

Mercadal Square with Town Hall at the bottom

Hydrography

There are no rivers in the municipality of Reus. The main ravines (streams) are those of La Abeurada, Cinc Ponts, Roquís, La Boella, Escorial and Pedret, and the streams of La Quadra (which comes from the neighboring municipality of Almoster), La Selva, Maspujols and Pi del Burgar.

History

Administration and politics

Municipal government

After thirty-two years of socialist hegemony of the PSC, in the municipal elections of 2011 the former Convergència i Unió (currently PDeCAT or JxCat) won for the first time, obtaining the mayoralty of the city with Carles Pellicer in charge after an agreement government with the PP. In the 2015 municipal elections, the former Convergència i Unió (current PDeCAT) won the elections again, once again obtaining the mayoralty of the city. Currently the old Convergència i Unió (current PDeCAT) governs the city together with ERC and AraReus.

Seven political parties have open headquarters in the municipality: PSUC-viu, CDC, UDC, ERC, ICV-EUiA, PSC, PPC and CORI, although others operate without headquarters (Endavant OSAN, Poble Lliure and PCC). Seven unions are represented: COS, CCOO, CONC, CGT, UGT, USO and Unió de Pagesos.

Reus demographic evolution Graphics between 1857 and 2019

Source: INE.

Demographics

From 1857 to 1910, Reus was the second largest city in Catalonia, after Barcelona, but its importance as the center of the province declined to the benefit of Tortosa and later Tarragona. The population hardly increased, from 30,266 in 1920 to 35,950 in 1950.

Since then it has increased again notably, from 41,014 inhabitants in 1960 to 107 2011 in 2012 (the limit of 100,000 was exceeded in 2005).

Economy

The town stands out for its commercial tradition and for its upscale shops and businesses, and it has become the second commercial reference point in the province, behind the capital, Tarragona.

The days around July 25 (Santiago or San Jaime) the fair is held, formerly dedicated to cattle but today with the presence of many sectors. The Mostres Fair (EXPROREUS) is held in the Fairs and Congresses Pavilion; It is located in Tecnoparc, a business area located between the Tarragona highway and the Bellissens highway.

Tit sales post

The market is held on Mondays and Saturdays in the Central Market. The dried fruit market in the Plaza del General Prim, in a building belonging to the Caixa d'Estalvis in Tarragona, closed in 2004. Three markets can be found: the Central, the Carrilet and the Commonwealth de Tarragona (Mercat del Camp), the latter on the border between Reus and Tarragona, for wholesalers.

In November 2015, the La Fira shopping center was inaugurated, with three retail floors and a restaurant floor with a large terrace, as well as two car parks. This shopping center houses brands such as Zara, Mango, Bershka, H&M and Tagliatella. In December 2016, the opening of a multiplex cinema at the Fira was confirmed.

Heritage

Urbanism

Prim Square

The nerve center of the city is made up of three squares linked by two streets of intense commercial and social activity. The largest of the three, Plaça de la Llibertat, was remodeled in 2003 and is regularly used for exhibitions or fairs related to typical products of the area, such as oil, wine or nuts. Calle Llovera joins this square with Plaza de Prim, historically considered the center of social life in Reus and the headquarters for many years of the Lonja de Contratación. It is also home to the largest of the two classical theaters in the city, the Teatre Fortuny. Monterols street, in turn, joins this square with the third of those mentioned, the Mercadal square (so called because the city market was historically located there). In the Plaza del Mercadal is the City Hall building, as well as the most emblematic modernist building in the city, Casa Navàs. The old town, which would include the Prim and Mercadal squares, but not the Libertad square, is located between the suburbs of Robuster, Sant Pere, Jesús, Martí Folguera, Pallol and Santa Anna, an area known like Tomb of Ravals. The two aforementioned pedestrian streets, Monterols and Llovera, form the commercial axis of the city and, together with the Tomb de Ravals, give Reus a strong commercial character.

A more modern nucleus is within the perimeter of the Miró stream, Sant Jordi avenue, Dr. Robert street, Mata promenade, Sunyer promenade, Ocas square, Prim promenade, Pastoreta square, La Salle avenue, Pere el Cerimoniós avenue and laughed of Aragon. Beyond these limits the city is expanding.

The Mossos d'Esquadra police station is located at the beginning of Avenida de Falset; the courts, close to the Carrefour shopping center (where there is an NH hotel and multiple offices), on Avenida Marià Fortuny; and the Guàrdia Urbana on Avenida Marià Fortuny as well, next to the Reus Ploms Swimming Club. There are municipal car parks in Plaza de las Ocas, Plaza de la Libertad, Plaza Prim, Plaza Pastoreta, La Fira shopping center and Plaza del Baluard.

Monuments

Monument to Prim

Very few fountains remain: the one in the Plaza de la Sangre (from 1779), the one from Neptuno, in the Plaza del Víctor (from 1789), and the one from Hércules in the square of the same name (dating from 1857). Ornamental fountains are the Niño de las Ocas (in Plaza de las Ocas), Triptòlem (Plaza Juan Rebull) and the one in Plaza del Canal (next to the bus station). There are also fountains in the statues of Pastoreta (Plaza Pastoreta) and Mariano Fortuny (Plaza de la Libertad). Other statues without fountains are that of Prim (General Prim square) and that of Condesito (in Mariano Fortuny square, next to the La Caixa building).

Curiously, there is no monument to the heroic figure undoubtedly best known in all of Spain and a native of Reus: Agustina de Aragón.

Singular buildings

Casa Navàs

• Bofarull Palace (sede of the Conservatory of Music).
• Palace of the Marquess of Tamarit (Lecture Centre).
• Casa Navàs, arq. Domènech i Montaner, in Plaza Mercadal.
• Casa Piñol, arq. Pere Casillas and Tarrats, in Plaza Mercadal.
• Instituto Pere Mata (1897-1912), arq. Domènech i Montaner; on the ctra. Instituto Pere Mata, 1; Monterols departure. Built between 1897 and 1912 as a psychiatric hospital.
• Cochs House, on Prat de la Riba Street.
• Cal Boule, Santa Ana Raval.
• Casa Rull (former Museu Prim-Rull, headquarters of the Municipal Institute of Cultural Action, IMAC), in the street of San Juan.
• Gassull House, on San Juan Street.
• Casa Serra, on the Castellvell road.
• Campanario de la Prioral de San Pedro, in Piazza San Pedro.
• Castell del Cambrer, currently renovated, in the Plaza del Castillo.
• Banco de España, en el raval de Santa Ana, actualmente Museu Salvador Vila-seca.
• The Town Hall, in Mercadal Square.
• Various houses of the route of Modernism.
• Pavilions of the university hospital.
• Escoles Prat de la Riba (school opened in 1917 and built in 1911).

Road communications

The municipal term is crossed by the following highways:

• Autopista del Mediterráneo (AP-7): via fast communication between Barcelona and Valencia.
• Mediterranean motorway (A-7): alternative to the former without tolls.
• National highway N-340: communicates with Vila-seca and Tarragona.
• N-420 National Road: communicates with Gandesa and Teruel.
• Autovía autonomic C-14: heading towards Salou and Montblanc.
• Provincial motorway T-11: connects Tarragona to the national road N-420.
• T-310 Provincial Road: Connects with Riudoms.
• T-314 Provincial Road: Connects with Vinyols i els Arcs.
• T-315 Provincial Road: Connects to N-340 National Road.
• T-704 Provincial Road: Connects to Maspujols.
• Local highway TV-3141: connects with Cambrils.
• Local road TP-7049: connects to Castellvell del Camp.
• Local road TV-7221: connects with Constantí.
• Local road TP-7225: connects to the Mafumet Village.

Culture

Local festivals

La trouser Reus, during the Festival of Reus

The main festival of Reus is San Pedro, on June 29. In addition, on September 25, the feast of Our Lady of Mercy is celebrated. One of the most characteristic and popular acts of the local festival is the so-called “tronada”, which consists of a series of 29 small mortars (masclets) and interspersed between them loud “thunders” or firecrackers arranged in row on the ground and going around the Plaza del Mercadal (town hall) united by a trail of gunpowder traced by hand. This ends in a final square in front of the town hall making a drawing with gunpowder, more thunder and four more masclets.

Other notable festivals are the carnival and the festival of the Ida a la Antigua towards Salou. Many neighborhoods in the municipality have their own festivals.

Cultural spaces

Fortuny Theatre

The town has several theaters: Fortuny, Teatro Bràvium and Bartrina.

There is a museum (Salvador Vilaseca Museum) and two archives (the regional historical and the administrative/notarial one). There are also six art rooms. It has an interpretation center on Antoni GaudíRiudoms called the Gaudí Centre, located in the Plaza del Mercadal.

The main library is the central library of Reus Xavier Amorós, built in the old public slaughterhouse. There is also the Library of the Reading Center, but only for members. Additionally there are four small libraries in the civic centers of the districts.

As for music, there is the entity of the Orfeón Reusense, dedicated to choral singing. In addition, there are two dozen music bands, coblas and gralles, and the same number of colles for the local festival and carnival. Recreation centers are ten.

Gastronomy

Coke with cherries

The Reus hazelnut whose current production of the Reus hazelnut is concentrated in the province of Tarragona. Its trade was regulated in the Reus market since the 13th century. It is a fruit traditionally integrated into the Mediterranean diet in different ways, either as an appetizer, as an ingredient in multiple recipes and drinks, or as an essential element in the confectionery industry. Side. Hazelnut from Reus was recognized in 1997. Its presentation on the market is varied: with shell, with whole grain -also known as shelled hazelnut or grained hazelnut-, and toasted.

Drinks

Fot-Li Vermouth is made in Reus

The plim is a mixture of fruit juices. It is a typical drink from Reus. Plim has been manufactured since 1928, when Mr. Joan Gili began to market it. The name comes, according to gossip, from the response of one of the company's commercials when it began to be manufactured. According to the story, when asked what name could be given to the drink, he replied: "To me, Plim...!".

Vermouth has a long tradition in the city. In 1957, Vermuts Miró was founded in Reus. With the vermouth the masclet is made; This drink, typical of the Reus festival, is a mixture of vermouth and plim. It is currently the official drink of the local festival. Almendrina, another typical product, is an almond milk that can be used as a sweetener, hot drink, or cold drink.

Education

Reus has seventeen nurseries or kindergartens, twenty public primary education centers, ten secondary schools, three university centers of the Rovira i Virgili University (URV): the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences, the Reus School of Architecture, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. It also has the Center for Higher Aviation Studies (CESDA) also attached to the same Rovira i Virgili University, and located on the grounds of the Reus Airport. There is also an art and design school, an Official School of Languages, an adult school, and the Centro d'Arts Escèniques de Reus (CAER), where adaptations of plays are made, and shows are created, which can be premiered and represented in Reus or in other cities. It also has a headquarters of the UOC university.

Sports

In the field of sports, Reus has six soccer fields, the one in District V (Montserrat neighborhood) (Artificial Grass), two in the Reus Deportiu (1-natural grass and 1-artificial), the one in La Pastoreta (artificial grass), Mas Iglesias (currently installing artificial grass) and Reddis (artificial grass). In 1992 the Olympic Pavilion was inaugurated (where several Olympic roller hockey events were held), and recently the municipal swimming pools.

• The Reus Deportiu hockey team skates is the maximum sports reference in the city. He has won, among many other titles, eight European Cups (the last one in 2017) and the Club World Cup (2009).
• Reus Deportiu also has a section of artistic skating where the large group competed in 2011 in New Zealand the world of artistic skating and won the title of World Champions, and the youth group in 2014 and 2017 have been the European champions.
• The local football team, the Club de Futbol Reus Deportiu, competed in the Second Division until its disappearance in 2020.
• The Club Futbol Reus Roig i Negre (CF Reus RN) the website www.cfreus.com the club is founded on July 1, 2019 by fans of the Club de Futbol Reus Deportiu, as a social and popular club, and plays in homage Club de Futbol Reus Deportiu, the season 20/21 is registered in the Catalan Federation of Futbol, at present.
• C.N.Reus Ploms, another historical club in Reus and that in hockey skates highlighted for several years in honor division. This club has always had excellent athletes, highlighting in swimming and athleticism.
• Mare Molas Reus CFS that militates in 3rd National Division of Football Room.
• The Club Esportiu Legna Reus was created in 2005 and competes in football room, usually in the Football Federation. He also participated in the Catalan Federation of Football Sala.
• The U.D. Immaculate was founded in 1983, the club's Social Local is the Mesón el Quijote which is located in the Immaculate Quarter of Reus.
• La Associació Esportiva Reus Futsal Club founded in 2007, with football school base room and first team competing in the Catalan Preferente.
• The Football Room section of the Club Esportiu Despertaferro with a senior male team competing usually in 1.a provincial and a female team.
• Reus Unió CFS, founded in 2010, competes in third territorial division.
• The Steaua de Grifo team, founded in 2013, does not compete at the federative level, but in local tournaments.
• The Reus Imperials, a team founded in 1989, competes in the A series of the National League of American Football, after winning in 2015 the title of the B series and thus achieving the promotion. In its second season in the highest category of Spanish American Soccer gets to the end.

Twin cities

Notable people