Redhat

Red Hat, Inc. is an American multinational software company that provides open source software primarily to businesses. Founded in 1993, Red Hat is headquartered in Raleigh, North Carolina, with satellite offices around the world.

Red Hat is best known for its enterprise operating system Red Hat Enterprise Linux and its acquisition of open source enterprise middleware vendor JBoss. Red Hat also offers Red Hat Virtualization (RHV), an enterprise virtualization product. Red Hat provides storage, operating system platforms, middleware, applications, management products, and support, training, and consulting services.

Red Hat creates, maintains, and contributes to many free software projects. It has acquired many proprietary software products through mergers and acquisitions and has released the code for these applications as open source. Red Hat is the second largest contributor to the Linux kernel version 4.14, after Intel.

On October 28, 2018, IBM announced its intention to acquire Red Hat for $33.4 billion, ultimately taking place on July 9, 2019.

History

Red Hat headquarters tower

In 1993, Bob Young incorporated ACC Corporation, a catalog company that sold Linux and Unix software accessories. In 1994, Marc Ewing created his own Linux distribution, which he called Red Hat Linux (Ewing had worn a red Cornell University lacrosse hat, given to him by his grandfather, while attending college). Carnegie Mellon). Ewing released the software in October, and it became known as the Halloween release. Young bought Ewing's business in 1995, and the two merged to become Red Hat Software, with Young serving as CEO.

Red Hat went public on August 11, 1999, posting the eighth first-day profit in Wall Street history. Matthew Szulik succeeded Bob Young as CEO in December of that year. Bob Young founded the company print-on-demand and online desktop publishing, Lulu, in 2002.

On November 15, 1999, Red Hat acquired Cygnus Solutions. Cygnus provided commercial support for the free software and hosted the maintainers of GNU software products such as the GNU Debugger and Binutils. One of the founders of Cygnus, Michael Tiemann, became Red Hat's chief technical officer, and by 2008, vice president of open source affairs. Later, Red Hat acquires WireSpeed, C2Net, and Hell's Kitchen Systems.

In February 2000, InfoWorld awarded Red Hat its fourth consecutive "Operating System Product of the Year" for Red Hat Linux 6.1. Red Hat acquired Planning Technologies, Inc in 2001 and AOL's iPlanet directory and certificate server software in 2004.

Red Hat moved its headquarters from Durham to the Centennial Campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina, in February 2002. In the following month, Red Hat introduced the advanced Red Hat Linux server, later renamed Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). Dell, IBM, HP and Oracle Corporation announced their support for the platform.

In December 2005, CIO Insight magazine conducted its "Supplier Value Survey" in which Red Hat ranked #1 in value for the second consecutive year. Red Hat stock became part of the NASDAQ-100 on December 19, 2005.

Red Hat acquired open source middleware provider JBoss on June 5, 2006, and JBoss became a division of Red Hat. On September 18, 2006, Red Hat released the Red Hat Application Stack, which integrated JBoss technology and was certified by other popular software vendors. On December 12, 2006, Red Hat shares were delisted from the NASDAQ (RHAT) to the New York Stock Exchange (RHT). In 2007, Red Hat acquired MetaMatrix and made an agreement with Exadel to distribute its software.

On March 15, 2007, Red Hat released Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 and in June acquired Mobicents. On March 13, 2008, Red Hat acquired Amentra, a provider of systems integration services for service-oriented architecture, business process management, systems development, and enterprise data services.

On July 27, 2009, Red Hat replaced CIT Group in the Standard and Poor's 500 Stock Index, a diversified index of 500 leading companies in the US economy. This was reported as a major milestone for Linux.

On December 15, 2009, it was reported that Red Hat will pay US$8.8 million to settle a class action lawsuit related to the restatement of financial results for July 2004. The lawsuit was pending in the District Court of USA for the Eastern District of North Carolina. Red Hat reached the proposed settlement agreement, recording a one-time charge of US$8.8 million for the quarter ended November 30.

On January 10, 2011, Red Hat announced that it would expand its headquarters in two phases, adding 540 employees to the Raleigh operation and investing more than $109 million. The state of North Carolina is offering up to US$15 million in incentives. The second phase involves "expansion into new technologies, such as software visualization and cloud technology offerings".

On August 25, 2011, Red Hat announced that it would be moving approximately 600 employees from the N.C. State Centennial Campus to the center of Two Progress Plaza. A ribbon-cutting ceremony was held on June 24, 2013. at Red Hat headquarters.

In 2012, Red Hat became the first trillion dollar open source company, achieving US$1.13 billion in annual revenue during its fiscal year. Red Hat passed the $2 billion benchmark in 2015. As of February 2018, the company's annual revenue was nearly $3 billion.

On October 16, 2015, Red Hat announced the acquisition of IT automation company Ansible, which is rumored for an estimated $100 million.

In May 2018, Red Hat acquires CoreOS.

Acquisition by IBM

On October 28, 2018, IBM announced its intention to acquire Red Hat for US$34 billion, in one of its largest acquisitions. The company will operate out of IBM's Hybrid Cloud division.

Products and projects

Its main products are the Red Hat Enterprise Linux distribution, the free JBoss application server, the Hibernate object-relational mapping tool and more solutions in the server field.

On the other hand, Red Hat sponsors and directs the Fedora distribution, which it uses to test new technologies. He is also involved in the One Laptop per Child project and maintains the Red Hat Magazine website.

In September 2003, Red Hat decided to focus its development efforts on the corporate version of its distribution, delegating the common version to Fedora Core, an open project independent of Red Hat but sponsored by the company.

One Laptop per Child

Red Hat engineers worked with the One Laptop per Child Initiative (a non-profit organization established by members of the MIT Media Lab) to design and produce a low-cost laptop to try to provide for all the world's children access to open communication and open knowledge and open learning. The XO-4 laptop, the latest machine in this project, runs a stripped-down version of Fedora 17 as its operating system.

GNOME

Red Hat is the largest contributor to the GNOME desktop environment. It has several full-time employees at Evolution, GNOME's official personal information manager.

Dogtail

An open source automated graphical user interface (GUI) testing framework initially developed by Red Hat, Dogtail consists of free software released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) and is written in Python. It allows developers to build and test their applications. Red Hat announced the release of Dogtail at the Red Hat Summit 2006.

MRG

Red Hat MRG is a clustering product for high-performance embedded computing. The acronym MRG stands for "Messaging Realtime Grid".

Red Hat Enterprise MRG replaces Red Hat Enterprise Linux RHEL, a Linux distribution developed by Red Hat, to provide additional support for real-time computing, scheduling workload to local or remote virtual machines, grid computing and cloud computing.

As of 2011, Red Hat works with the Condor High Performance Computing System community and also provides support for the software.

Tuna's performance monitoring tool runs in the MRG environment.

Opensource.com

Red Hat produces the Opensource.com online publication. The site highlights ways that open source principles are applied in domains other than software development. The site tracks the application of the open source philosophy to business, education, government, law, health, and life.

The company originally produced a newsletter called Under the Brim. Wide Open magazine first appeared in March 2004, as a means for Red Hat to share technical content with subscribers on a regular basis. Under the Brim newsletter and Wide Open magazine merged in November 2004 to become Red Hat Magazine. In January 2010, Red Hat magazine became Opensource.com.

Red Hat Exchange

In 2007, Red Hat announced that it had reached an agreement with some free and open source software (FOSS) companies that allowed it to make a distribution portal called Red Hat Exchange, to resell the FOSS software with the original brand name intact. However, by 2010, Red Hat had abandoned the Exchange program to focus its efforts more on its Open Source Channel Alliance which began in April 2009.

Red Hat Single Sign On

Red Hat Single Sign On is a software product that enables single sign-on with Identity Management and Access Management for modern applications and services. There is an ongoing open source project in conjunction with Red Hat SSO, which is Keycloak. Keycloak is basically the community version of Red Hat SSO. Red Hat Single Sign On 7.3 is the latest version available.

Red Hat Subscription Management

Red Hat Subscription Management (RHSM) combines content delivery with subscription management.

OpenShift

Red Hat operates OpenShift, a cloud computing platform, which supports applications written in Node.js, PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby, JavaEE, and more.

On July 31, 2018, Red Hat announced the release of Istio 1.0, a microservices management program used in conjunction with the Kubernetes platform. The software claims to provide "traffic management, service identity and security, policy enforcement and telemetry" to optimize the use of Kubernetes on the various operating systems based on Fedora. Red Hat's Brian Redbeard Harring described Istio as "intended to be a control plane, similar to the Kubernetes control plane, for configuring a series of proxies that are injected between application components".

OpenStack

Red Hat markets a version of OpenStack that helps manage a data center in a way that is done in cloud computing.

Cloudforms

Red Hat CloudForms provides virtual machine, instance, and container management based on VMware vSphere, Red Hat Virtualization, Microsoft Hyper-V, OpenStack, Amazon EC2, Google Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure, and Red Hat OpenShift. CloudForms is based on Red Hat's open source ManageIQ project. The code in ManageIQ comes from the US$100M+ acquisition of ManageIQ in 2012.

LibreOffice

Red Hat is contributing, with various software developers, to LibreOffice, a free and open source office suite.

Other free software projects

Red Hat has some full-time employees working on other free and open source software projects that are not Red Hat products, such as two full-time employees working on the free radeon software (David Airlie and Jerome Glisse) and one full-time employee working on free software nouveau graphics drivers. Another such project is AeroGear, an open source project that brings security and development expertise to cross-platform enterprise mobile development.^{[citation required]}

Red Hat also hosts "Open Source Day" events where multiple partners showcase their open source technologies.

Utilities and tools

Subscribers have access to:

• Red Hat Developer Toolset (DTS) - development tools and performance analysis.
• Red Hat Software Collections (RHSCL)

Beyond Red Hat's major products and acquisitions, Red Hat programmers have produced software programming tools and tools to complement standard Unix and Linux software. Some of these "products" from Red Hat have found their way from Red Hat-specific operating environments through open source channels to the broader community. Such utilities include:

• Disk Druid: to partition discs.
• rpm: for the management of packages.
• sysreport: tools to collect information about the hardware and system configuration.
  • sosreport: reports system hardware and configuration details.
• SystemTap: Linux kernel tracking tool developed with IBM, Hitachi, Oracle and Intel.
• NetworkManager

Red Hat's website lists the organization's major involvement in free and open source software projects.

Community projects under the auspices of Red Hat include:

• The Pulp application for the management of software repositories.