Rape them
Violales is an order of plants belonging to the class of magnoliopsida, broken down according to the latest review carried out by the Angiosperm Phylogeny group.
They usually have dialipétalas flowers. Gynoecium generally superior and syncarpic with open carpels; parietal placentation (in cistaceae with internal septation placental septa); some primitive families: Fluconitiaceae with closed carpels and axial placentation (similar to Teales). Origin from Teles. Crasinucellated ovules, endosperm very rich in oils and poor in starch. Difference with Caparales (cruciferous): 2 in Caparales, 3 in Violales, these never have cells with myrosin. Very spacious.
In the 2003 APG II system, the order Violales is not recognized and the families that comprised it have been transferred to other orders as listed below:
- order Violales
- family Achariaceae → order Malpighiales
- family Ancistrocladaceae → order Caryophyllales
- family Begoniaceae → order Cucurbitales
- family Bixaceae → order Malvales
- family Caricaceae → order Brassicales
- family Cistaceae → order Malvales
- family Cucurbitaceae → order Cucurbitales
- family Datiscaceae → order Cucurbitales
- family Dioncophyllaceae → order Caryophyllales
- family Flacourtiaceae → included in the family Salicaceae, in order Malpighiales
- family Fouquieriaceae → order Ericales
- family Frankeniaceae → order Caryophyllales
- family Hoplestigmataceae → uncertain position
- family Huaceae → eurosids I
- family Lacismataceae → order Malpighiales
- family Loasaceae → order Cornales
- family Malesherbiaceae → order Malpighiales (optional in Passifloraceae)
- family Passifloraceae → order Malpighiales
- family Peridiscaceae → order Malpighiales
- family Scyphostegiaceae → included in Salicaceae, in order Malpighiales
- family Stachyuraceae → order Crossosomatales
- family Tamaricaceae → order Caryophyllales
- family Turneraceae → order Malpighiales (optional in Passifloraceae)
- family Violaceae → order Malpighiales