Provisional Government of the ROC

The Provisional Government of the Republic of China (traditional Chinese: 中華民國臨時政府, simplified Chinese: 中华民国临时政府, pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Línshí Zhèngfǔ, or Japanese: Chūka Minkoku Rinji Seifu), was a puppet government headed by Wang Kemin and established under the tutelage of the Japanese invaders of China.

Creation and dissolution

Created on December 14, 1937 in Beijing, this government was the one that assumed control of a part of northeast China, including the cities of Beijing, Tianjin and Qingdao. However, it had a short existence since in 1940 it was dissolved and integrated into the new unified government with its capital in Nanking, chaired by Wang Jingwei, which would collapse after the Japanese defeat in World War II.

History

The following year the Japanese created the North China Railway Company in the area, which they kept under military control.

In 1939, the puppet government of East Hebei was dissolved and integrated into that of Peking.

In 1940, the Japanese united the Chinese puppet governments under the new unified government with its capital at Nanking, headed by Wang Jingwei, which would collapse after the Japanese defeat in World War II.

Beijing's collaborationist government has adopted the five-striped Chinese Republican flag as its national flag. However, the Nanking government of Wang Jingwei would adopt the second republican flag, with a red background and a white sun on a blue sky, symbol of the Kuomintang.

The city of Beijing (in Chinese 北京, "northern capital") had been renamed Běipíng, «peace of the north» when it was established the national government of the Republic of China in Nanking in 1927. During the brief period that it housed the collaborationist Provisional Government, it reverted to the traditional name of Beijing.

During the time these puppet regimes existed in China, the legitimate ROC government, recognized by the Allied Powers during World War II, had to relocate to the inner city of Chongqing, led by the military leader Chinese Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek's government would reestablish itself in Nanking after the departure of the Japanese and the collapse of the collaborationist government.