Province of San Roman

The province of San Román is one of the thirteen that make up the department of Puno in southern Peru. It limits to the north with the provinces of Azángaro and Lampa, to the east with the province of Huancané, to the south with the province of Puno and to the west with the departments of Arequipa and Moquegua.

From the hierarchical point of view of the Catholic Church, it is part of the diocese of Puno, suffragan of the archdiocese of Arequipa.

History

It corresponds to the old Corregimiento of Cabana-Cabanillas. The province of San Román was created by Law No. 5463, the same one that was promulgated by the president of the republic, Augusto Leguía, on September 6, 1926. It bears this name in homage to the illustrious Puno Miguel de San Román y Meza, who was president of the Republic of Peru between 1862 and 1863.

Since September 6, 1926, the province of San Román, formally, was made up of four districts. But, on July 28, 2016, the president of the republic, Ollanta Humala, promulgated Law No. 30492, a law that creates the new district of San Miguel, the fifth district in the Puno province of San Román. So, Juliaca, Caracoto, Cabanillas, Cabana and San Miguel. That is to say, currently, the province of San Román has five districts: Juliaca, with its capital Juliaca, which in turn is the capital of the province; Caracoto, with its capital, Caracoto; Cabana, with its capital, Cabana; Cabanillas, with its capital, Deustua, and San Miguel, with its capital, San Miguel.

Geography

This province has an area of 2,277.63 km² and is located on the northwest side of Lake Titicaca and occupies 3.2% of the territorial area of the department of Puno or Puno region.

In 2007 it had a population of 240,776 inhabitants, the majority of whom reside in its capital city Juliaca (225,146 inhabitants). In addition, the province concentrates around 30% of the urban population and 41% of commerce in the department of Puno.

The province of San Román is the one that has grown the most in population in the last ten years, according to the results of the 2017 census. The hosiery city in 2007 had 240,776 inhabitants. This number grew exponentially by 307,417 as of 2017. Demographically, it grew 28%.

Hydrography

• Coata River: It is born from the confluence of the rivers Lampa and Cabanillas, it runs 49.5 km leading to Lake Titicaca at 3810 m n. m, near the peninsula of Capachica at 15°36’ latitude south and 69°55’ longitude west.
• Lagunas: The Saracocha lagoon in the Cabanillas district stands out at an altitude of 4135 m. n. m., between coordinates 70°37’ west longitude and 15°46’ south latitude; it has an area of 14.00 km2, a perimeter of 32.77 km and an estimated depth of 75.30 m; it belongs to the Coata river basin. The Saracocha Lagoon has a relative gap of 18.80 m compared to the Lagunillas Lagoon. That is to say that Saracocha is below the level of Lagunillas.

The Saracocha lagoon is considered an important water reserve, and, thanks to the construction of the Lagunillas dam, it is planned to irrigate the pampas of Cabanillas, Cabana, Mañazo and other adjacent areas. In the near future, its waters will also be channeled and taken to the cities of Juliaca and Puno so that, after treatment, they can be consumed by the families of these locations. This lagoon and the rivers that flow through the provincial territory are characterized by their variety of birds and fish, highlighting trout and silverside.

Climate

The climate of the province of San Román is changeable and has the following general characteristics:

• It is frigid, windy and with low humidity.
• Predominate the thermal contrast. There are periods when the cold and heat become unbearable.
• In the rainy seasons, usually between January and March, grenades, snows, thunders, lightning and rays are usually present.
• The winds of different shape and intensity are frequent.

Administrative division

The province is divided into five districts:

• Cabana
• Cabanillas
• Caracoto
• Juliaca
• San Miguel

Authorities

Regional

• Regional advisers
  • 2019-2022
  1. Isidro Pacohuanaco Pacco (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  2. Nancy Salluca Huaraya (Moral and Development)

Municipal

• 2019-2022
  • Mayor: David Sucahua Yucra of the Regional Development Integration Movement (Mi Casita).
  • Regivers:
  1. Pierina Michelly Gamero-Andrade Sandoval (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  2. Fritz Eliot Alarcón Apaza (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  3. Rony Apaza Mamani (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  4. William Evony Humpire Castro (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  5. Delia Eulalia Ccalla Ortiz (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  6. Mauricio Viamonte Calderón (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  7. Fredy Franklin Trujillo Mamani (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  8. Freddy Aurelio Caira Machaca (Movimiento de Integración por el Desarrollo Regional, Mi Casita)
  9. Rildo Paul Tapia Condori (Poder Andino)
  10. Johny Godofredo Cruz Ochoa (Poder Andino)
  11. Ruly Reneé Lima Vargas (Frente Amplio para el Desarrollo del Pueblo)
  12. Eloy Chura Calla (Moral and Development)
  13. José Luis Mamani Mamani (The Broad Front for Justice, Life and Freedom)

Police

• Juliaca Police Station
  • Commissioner: PNP Commander David Pineda Velásquez

Religious

• Diocese of Puno
  • Bishop: Bishop. Jorge Carrión Pavlich
• Santa Catalina Parish of Alexandria
  • Párroco: Pbro. Reynaldo Gamarra Denos

Education

Educational institutions

• Universities
  • National University of Juliaca (UNAJ)
  • Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez (UANCV)
  • Universidad Peruana Unión (UPEU)
• Secondary schools
  • Colegio Nacional Politécnico Industrial Regional Los Andes

Economy

The majority of the provincial population is concentrated in the city of Juliaca, which has become the commercial, financial and industrial emporium of southern Peru, and where the construction industry advances. The population of the other districts is characterized by its rurality, its predominant activities being the following:

• Agriculture, highlighting potato, quinoa, barley and fodder oats. In the heart of the centuryXXI, still predominates the use of ancestral tools such as chakitajlla, raukana, wajtana, k’upana, etc. The construction of irrigation channels, which is already underway, has expanded the fields of drying.
• The livestock activities are generally expressed in livestock, extensive cattle and sheep. The presence of dairy companies is encouraging the breeding of dairy cows, which has an impact on the improvement of the quality of life of families dedicated to this activity. Porcines, cuyes, flames, poultry, etc are also raised.
• The trade in agricultural products (papapa, quinoa, oats, chuño, tunta, meat, charqui, milk, cheese, etc.) is generally to satisfy family subsistence. Each district capital and even each community organizes weekly fairs to market and/or exchange their products.
• The handicrafts, expressed mostly in textile art, are already responding to international demands. It is remarkable the fabrics of chompas, chalinas, gloves, chullos, escarpines, trousers, ornaments, miniature objects, etc., for this we use the wool of our auquénidos and the decorations are with traditional motifs. In addition, we highlight the works in tannery and the production of straw, barley or oats (e.g. ropes, hats, mats, etc.).
• The transport is intensifying thanks to the asphalt road that links the cities of Juliaca-Arequipa and Juliaca-Puno. Most populations and communities already have motorized means of transport that facilitates domestic social mobilization.
• Artisan fishing is practiced in the rivers and lagoons of the province.

In recent years, these populations have been understanding the importance of the use of modern technology and scientific orientation, which, combined with ancestral technologies, have been improving their traditional activities.

Demography

The province of San Román covers 3.2% of the territory, 41% of the trade, and has a population that covers 18.9% of the regional total. That is, 240,776 inhabitants, which indicates a high population density, especially concentrated in the city of Juliaca, and a high HDI (human development index).

The distribution of the economically active population is very different from the general average of the department of Puno, this is fundamentally due to the higher HDI, and the greater urbanity that the province of San Román presents, while the primary sector represents about 46% of The EAP in the department of Puno, in the province of San Román only represents 8.8%, the manufacturing activity (secondary sector) which in the region of Puno represents 6.2% in the province is 13.6%. % and the trade that represents around 12.7% in the region in the province is 26.5%, as well as sectors such as transportation and communications have been more developed and occupy more EAP in the province of San Román than in the rest of the department of Puno.

Capital

The capital city is Juliaca, the most urban city in the department of Puno, along with Caracoto, with a population of 225,146 (2007 census) inhabitants, concentrating 93.5% of the population of the province of San Román.

Festivities

• February: Carnavales
• May: Feast of the Crosses