Plurinational Legislative Assembly of Bolivia

The Plurinational Legislative Assembly (ALP) is the legislative body of the public power of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The Plurinational Legislative Assembly is made up of two chambers: the Chamber of Deputies with 130 members, and the Chamber of Senators with 36 members. The Assembly meets in the new legislative building in La Paz.

The powers of the legislative body are established in the Political Constitution of the State, and its organization and functions are regulated by the General Regulations of the Chamber of Deputies.

Senate

The Senate has 36 members, four representatives from each Department. Senators are elected from party lists. The term of office of the senators is five years and they can be re-elected once continuously.

Chamber of Deputies

The Chamber of Deputies has 130 members: In each department, half of the deputies are elected in single-member constituencies (65 deputies). The other half (65 deputies) are elected in multi-member departmental constituencies, from the lists headed by the candidates for president, vice president and state senators. Deputies also have a term of five years and must be at least 18 years old on the day of the election.

La Paz has 29 deputies; Santa Cruz 28; Cochabamba 19, Potosi 13; Chuquisaca 10; Tarija and Oruro with 9; Beni 8; and Pando 5.

Salaries

In 2006, the former president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia, Evo Morales Ayma, decreed the reduction of his salary by more than half, as well as that of the vice president and all the deputies, senators, ministers and vice ministers, this with the objective of giving a little more austerity to the Bolivian state. These measures generated criticism from the opposition towards the national government and fierce opposition from Congress.

Titular senators and deputies

Alternate senators and deputies

Offices

The Legislative Power was itinerant, between 1825 and 1900 sessions were held in various parts of the country Sucre, La Paz, Cochabamba, Oruro, and even one in Tapacarí.

Freedom House

The Independence Hall during the Constituent Congress of the Nation.

The House of Freedom in the city of Sucre, was the first building of the Bolivian Legislative Power, it was there where the parliamentary republican life of Bolivia began. The Jesuits built this building as part of a convent in the 17th century. In the colony it was the main classroom of the Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca. Later in 1767 it was the headquarters of the famous Carolina Academy, dependent on the Audiencia de Charcas.

Originally, it had characteristics of viceregal architecture, after its destruction it changed to the neoclassical style. Subsequently, a new restoration was carried out on the occasion of celebrating the centenary of the Republic. In 1973 it was restored, under the direction of the architect Cristina Damm, recovering its original colonial architecture.

La Casa de la Libertad was the venue where the General Assembly of Deputies of the Provinces of Upper Peru met and later to sign the Act of Independence on August 6, 1825 that gave birth to the Republic of Bolivar. The pioneers were Manuel María Urcullo, José Mariano Serrano, Casimiro Olañeta, Manuel Sánchez de Velasco, José Miguel Lanza, José Ballivián, and José Ignacio de Sanjinés. After the Federal Revolution, the palace moved to La Paz but on occasions it held sessions in the Casa de la Libertad, such as in 1925, on the occasion of the sesquicentennial of the founding of Bolivia in 1975, in 1995 and in 2005 to debate the resignation of the President Carlos Mesa, his succession and possession of President Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé.

La Paz Legislative Palace

East sidewalk of Murillo Square in 1894

Legislative palace, between 1908 and 1919.

Night view of the Legislative Palace in La Paz.

Before the change of seat of government, many governments were sworn in in La Paz such as Manuel Isidoro Belzu (1851), José María de Achá (1861), Agustín Morales (1872), Tomás Frías Ametller (1872), Adolfo Ballivián (1873), Hilarión Daza Groselle (1876), Narciso Campero (1880) and Aniceto Arce (1884).

From the Federal Revolution to the present, the Plurinational Legislative Assembly operates in the Legislative Palace in La Paz located in Plaza Murillo, this building was previously part of the College of the Company of Jesus, then it was destined for the Carolino Seminary and finally, before being the Legislative Palace, it was a hall of the Universidad Mayor de San Andrés.

In 1890, José Manuel Pando began the construction of a Legislative Palace, which was inaugurated in 1905, with a neoclassical style. In 1925, to commemorate the centenary of the Republic in the government of Bautista Saavedra Mallea, new modifications were made to the Legislative Palace.

In 2016, construction began on a modern building that expands the current Legislative Palace on the land located behind the current Legislative Palace.

New building

The two houses of the Assembly meet in the Legislative Palace located in Plaza Murillo, the main square of La Paz. In Plaza Murillo you can also find the presidential palace (known as the Palacio Quemado due to attempts to destroy it several times in the 19th century) and the Cathedral of Nuestra Señora de La Paz.

The Vice President, in his capacity as President of the Assembly, has an office in a building on Calle Mercado, in the center of La Paz. This Vice-Presidency building was originally built to be the location of the Central Bank of Bolivia. Under the government of Jaime Paz Zamora (1989 - 1993), the building was reassigned to the vice-presidency, but the vice-president's advisory staff did not move to that location until 1997. This building also houses the Legislative Assembly Library and the Assembly File.

Elections

Elections for senators and representatives are held every 5 years. Although there have been long and drawn-out exceptions, they have been made with universal suffrage since 1956; and continuously, since the recovery of democracy in 1982, to date.

1931 Election

The 1931 Bolivian parliamentary elections were held on February 4, in these elections Daniel Salamanca presented himself as the only presidential candidate with the Genuine Republican Party, winning the elections, together with the vice-presidential candidate José Luis Tejada Sorzano with the Liberal Party, winning over Bautista Saavedra Mallea of the Republican Party. Congress was arranged mostly by Liberals and Genuine Republicans.

Party		Deputies	Senators
	Liberal Party	26	10
	Genuine Republican Party	28	5
	Socialist Republican Party	9	1
	Nationalist Party	3	0
	Independent	2	0
Total		68	16

1933 Election

In these parliamentary elections, half of the Chamber of Deputies and a third of the Senate were renewed. They were held in May 1933. These elections were held during the Chaco War. On November 11, 1934, new elections were held to choose a new president and a new National Congress, but the results of this election were later annulled. The terms of the senators and representatives elected in 1933 and who were in office were extended until August 5, 1936.

Party		Scalls
		Camera		Senate
		Total	+/-	Total	+/-
	Genuine Republican Party	39	+11	1	-4
	Liberal Party	22	-4	8	-2
	Socialist Republican Party	7	-2	1	0
	Other	5	+3	5	+5
	Vacancies				1
Total		73	+5	15	-1

1938 Election

The parliamentary elections in Bolivia of 1938 were held on March 13, a parliament that also served as the formation of a new Constituent Assembly. On May 28, 1938, this Constituent Assembly confirmed President Germán Busch Becerra as constitutional president, who had assumed the presidency on July 13, 1937 as a result of a coup. This Assembly was the one that promulgated the Constitution of 1938, this Assembly was dissolved by the same president who declared himself dictator on April 24, 1939, after declaring himself dictator he promoted the most important changes in his administration.

Party		Deputies	Senators
	Single Socialist Front	96	18
	Independent	5	0
	Independent leaders of La Paz	2	0
Total		103	18

1940 Elections

The 1940 general election was held on March 10. They were carried out with the "qualified vote" system. In these elections, Enrique Peñaranda won as candidate for Concordance, a political alliance of traditional right-wing parties (Liberal Party; Genuine Republican Party; Socialist Republican Party) and the army attached to power. The leftist opposition candidate was José Antonio Arze for the Partido de la Izquierda Revolucionaria.

Party		Deputies	Senators
	Socialist Republican Party	12	11
	Genuine Republican Party	17	3
	Liberal Party	21	9
	Radical Party	1	0
	Independent	19	0
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	1	0
	Unified Socialist Party	18	4
	Independent Socialist Party	15	0
	Popular Front of Potosí	4	0
	Socialist Workers Party of Bolivia	1	0
Total		109	27

1942 Election

In these parliamentary elections, half of the Chamber of Deputies and a third of the Senate were renewed. They were made in March 1942.

Party		Scalls
		Camera		Senate
		Total	+/-	Total	+/-
	Liberal Party	25	+4	9	0
	Unified Socialist Party	23	+5	4	0
	Socialist Republican Party	20	+8	11	0
	Other	9	- 30	0	0
	Genuine Republican Party	13	-4	3	0
	Revolutionary Left Party	7	+7	0	0
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	10	+10	0	0
	Socialist Workers Party of Bolivia	1	0	0	0
	Tarija Workers Party	1	+1	0	0
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	1	0	0	0
Total		110	+1	27	0

1944 Election

The parliamentary elections in Bolivia of 1944 were held on July 2, a parliament that served at the same time as the formation of a new Constituent Assembly. On August 4, 1944, this Constituent Assembly confirmed President Gualberto Villarroel López as constitutional president, who had assumed the presidency on December 20, 1943 as a result of a coup. This Assembly was the one that promulgated the Constitution of 1945, where the constitutional president had a term of 6 years, a time that Gualberto Villarroel López could not serve after his overthrow and fatal outcome on July 21, 1946. Another Constituent Assembly was not held until the Constituent Assembly of Bolivia of 2006.

Party		Scalls
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	56
	Independent	29
	Independent Socialist Party	16
	Liberal Party	14
	Unified Socialist Party	8
	Revolutionary Left Party	8
	Socialist Republican Party	4
	Genuine Republican Party	2
Total		137

1947 Election

The general elections of 1947 were held on January 3. These elections were held using the "qualified vote" system. This congress chose to ratify the first majority Enrique Hertzog Garaizabal and Mamerto Urriolagoitia Harriague after the resignation of Luis Fernando Guachalla.

Party		Deputies	Senators
	Party of the Socialist Republican Union	45	14
	Revolutionary Left Party	36	4
	Liberal Party	16	7
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	4	1
	Independent	4	0
	Revolutionary Workers Party	3	1
	Social Democratic Party	2	0
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	1	0
Total		111	27

1949 Election

In these parliamentary elections, half of the Chamber of Deputies and a third of the Senate were renewed. They were held on May 1, 1949. This was the last Congress elected before the 1952 Revolution and the last elected before universal suffrage.

Party		Scalls
		Camera			Senate
		Elected	Total	+/-	Elected	Total	+/-
	Party of the Socialist Republican Union	28	56	+11	6	14	0
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	9	9	+5	1	1	0
	Revolutionary Left Party	5	21	-15	2	4	0
	Liberal Party	2	9	-7	0	6	-1
	Other	10	13	+6	0	2	+1
	Social Democratic Party	1	2	0	0	0	0
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	1	1	0	0	0	0
Total		56	111	0	9	27	0

1956 Election

The general elections of 1956 were held on June 17. These elections were the first held with universal suffrage, the first held after the 1952 Revolution, and the first held after the annulment of the 1951 elections.

Candidate		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Hernan Siles Zuazo Ñuflo Chávez Ortiz	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	786 729	84.43	61	18
	Oscar Únzaga de la Vega Mario Gutiérrez	Bolivian Socialist Falange	130 494	14,00	7	0
	Felipe Iñíguez Medrano Jesus Lara	Communist Party of Bolivia	12 273	1.32	0	0
	Hugo Gonzáles Moscoso Fernando Bravo	Revolutionary Workers Party	2329	0.25	0	0
Valid votes			931 825	97.54	-	-
White votes			13 014	1.36	-	-
Null vote			10 510	1,10	-	-
Total votes cast			955 349	85.37	68	18
Registered			1 119 047	100,00	-	-
Abstaining			163 698	14,63	-	-
Source: Hofmeister and Bamberger.

1958 Election

In these parliamentary elections, half of the Chamber of Deputies and a third of the Senate were renewed. They were made on June 20, 1958.

Party		Votes	%	Scalls
				Camera			Senate
				Elected	Total	+/-	Elected	Total	+/-
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	371 450	85.4	32	65	+4	6	18	0
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	53 264	12.2	2	3	-4	0	0	0
	Communist Party of Bolivia	5343	1.2	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Christian Social Party	2888	0.6	0	0	New	0	0	New
	Revolutionary Workers Party	1994	0.4	0	0	0	0	0	0
White and null votes		9053	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total votes cast		443 992	100	34	68	0	6	18	0
Registered voters / Participation		1 126 528	85.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Source: Nohlen, Political Handbook of the World

1960 Elections

The general elections of 1960 were held on May 5. For the first time the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement appeared divided in two, the official one with Víctor Paz Estenssoro and Juan Lechín Oquendo; and the Authentic Revolutionary Party of Walter Guevara Arze. The result was overwhelming in favor of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario, leaving the conformation of the Congress as follows:

Candidate		Party	Votes	%	Scalls
					Camera			Senate
					Elected	Total	+/-	Elected	Total	+/-
	Victor Paz Estenssoro Juan Lechín Oquendo	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	735 619	76.10	32	51	-14	6	18	0
	Walter Guevara Arze Jorge Ríos Gamarra	Authentic Revolutionary Party	139 713	14,45	1	14	New	0	0	New
	Mario Gutiérrez Antonio Arze	Bolivian Socialist Falange	78 963	8.17	1	3	0	0	0	0
	Victor Paz Estenssoro Juan Lechín Oquendo	Communist Party of Bolivia	10 934	1,13	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Hugo Gonzáles Moscoso Fernando Bravo	Authentic Revolutionary Party	1420	0.15	0	0	0	0	0	0
Valid votes			966 649	73.36
White votes			9 157	0.93
Null vote			11 924	1.21
Total votes cast			987 730	75.98	34	68	0	6	18	0
Registered			1 300 000	100,00
Abstaining			312 270	24,02
Source: Hofmeister and Bamberger.

1962 Election

In the parliamentary elections of 1962, a portion of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate were renewed. They were made on June 4, 1962.

Party		Votes	%	Scalls
				Camera			Senate
				Elected	Total	+/-	Elected	Total	+/-
	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	886 572	84.7	32	64	+13	15	27	+9
	Bolivian Socialist Falange	74 178	7.0	3	4	+1	0	0	0
	Authentic Revolutionary Party	44 296	4.2	2	3	-11	0	0	0
	Communist Party of Bolivia	20 352	1.9	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Christian Social Party	19 825	1,8	1	1	New	0	0	New
	Revolutionary Workers Party	278	0.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Nationalist Revolutionary Authentic Movement	100	0.0	0	0	New	0	0	New
White and null votes		19 979
Total votes cast		1 064 480	100	38	72	+4	15	27	+9
Source: Nohlen, Ruddle; Political Handbook of the World 1963

1964 Election

The 1964 general election was held on May 31. Víctor Paz Estenssoro of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) decided to run for re-election, despite opposition from left and right parties of the time, for which reason he was the only candidate for president, and the other parties only presented parliamentary candidacies. This action by Paz caused the division of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) into various wings and factions. The MNR retained its vast majority in Congress after the renewal of a portion of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.

Candidate		Party	Votes	%	Scalls
					Camera			Senate
					Elected	Total	+/-	Elected	Total	+/-
	Victor Paz Estenssoro René Barrientos Ortuño	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	1 114 717	97.89	36	57	-7	9	22	-7
	- -	Bolivian Anti-Communist Front	12 245	1,088	0	0	New	0	0	New
	- -	National Civic Union	11 142	0.98	1	1	New	0	0	New
	- -	Bolivian Socialist Falange	603	0.05	0	3	-1	0	0	0
	- -	Christian Social Party	228	0.0	0	1	0	0	0	0
	- -	Authentic Revolutionary Party	92	0.0	0	2	-1	0	0	0
	- -	Communist Party of Bolivia	74	0.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	- -	Revolutionary Party of the National Left	23	0.0	0	9	New	0	5	New
	- -	Revolutionary Workers Party	16	0.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	- -	Bolivian Civic Action	7	0.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Valid votes			1 138 707	79.68
White votes			74 378	5,74
Null vote			83 784	6.46
Total votes cast			1 296 869	91.88	37	73	+1	9	27	0
Registered			1 411 560	100,00
Abstaining			114 691	8.12
Source: Nohlen.

1966 Election

The 1966 general elections were held on Sunday, July 3, 1966 in the government of Alfredo Ovando Candía, the first elections held after the coup carried out by General René Barrientos Ortuño and General Alfredo Ovando Candía in 1964 Six candidacies were presented for the presidency of Bolivia, but none with the possibility of facing the official candidacy of the formula René Barrientos Ortuño and Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas. Víctor Paz Estenssoro and Hernán Siles Suazo, who could not stand in the elections, were then banned. This legislature of 1966, acted as Constituent Congress when preparing and later approving the Political Constitution of the State of 1967.

These elections would be the last before the 12 years of military dictatorship, with the composition of this Congress as follows:

Candidate		Party/Coalition	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	René Barrientos Ortuño Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas	Front of the Bolivian Revolution	677 805	66.81	82	18
	Bernardino Bilbao Rioja Gonzalo Romero Álvarez García	Christian Democratic Community	138 001	13,81	19	8
	Víctor Andrade Uzquiano Rafael Otazo	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement—Andrade	88 392	8,84
	Mario Díez de Medina Mariano Baptista Gumucio	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	60 505	6.05	1	1
	Felipe Iñíguez Medrano Mario Miranda Pacheco	National Left Front	33 458	3.35
	Enrique Hertzog Garaizábal Eduardo Montes y Montes	Democratic Institutional Alliance	11 330	1,13
Valid votes			999 491	78.66
White votes			63 854	5,86
Null vote			26 649	2.44
Total votes cast			1 089 994	85.79	102.	27
Registered			1 270 611	100,00
Abstaining			180 617	14,21
Source: Hofmeister and Bamberger.

1979 Elections

After the great electoral fraud of 1978 in the government of General Hugo Banzer Suárez, who chose his Interior Minister General Juan Pereda Asbún as the official candidate, they were annulled when a gigantic fraud in favor of the official candidate was verified. After the annulment of the elections, a crisis broke out and Pereda decided to launch a coup against his mentor. A few months into government, Pereda was dismissed by a coup by General David Padilla Arancibia, who called elections as the first measure.

The 1979 general elections were held on Sunday, July 1, 1979. No candidate obtained more than half of the votes, a deadlock ensued, and it was up to the National Congress to choose the president among the most voted candidates, but they were unable to to reach an agreement, for which a consensual solution was reached to elect Walter Guevara Arze president of the Senate as interim president of the Republic for one year, pending new elections. Decree Law 16095 of January 11, 1979 defined a minimum of five deputies per department and one for every 50,000 inhabitants (except for departmental capitals), and established that each department would elect three senators. Decree Law 16331 of April 5, 1979 established the number of seats for representatives and senators to be assigned to each department, the composition of Congress being as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Hernan Siles Zuazo Jaime Paz Zamora	Democratic and Popular Unity	528 696	35,99	38	8
	Victor Paz Estenssoro Luis Ossio Sanjinés	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement – Alianza	527 184	35,89	48	16
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Mario Rolón Anaya	Nationalist Democratic Action	218 857	14,888	19	3
	Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz Jaime Taborga	Socialist Party-1	70 765	4.82	5
	René Bernal Escalante Mario Gutierréz Gutierréz	Popular Alliance for National Integration	60 262	4.10	5
	Luciano Tapia Quisbert Eufronio Vélez Magne	Revolutionary Tupac Katari Liberation Movement	28 344	1.93	1
	Walter González Valda Benjamin Saravia	Bolivian Union Party	18 560	1.26	1
	Ricardo Catoira Marín Filemon Escobar Escobar	Workers’ Vanguard Party	16 560	1,13
Valid votes			1 468 958	78.26
White votes			54 896	3,24
Null vote			168 960	9.98
Total votes cast			1 692 814	90,19	117	27
Registered			1 876 920	100,00
Abstaining			184 106	9,81
Source: Atlas Electoral of Bolivia.

1980 Elections

The 1980 general elections were held on Sunday, June 29, 1980 and were chaired by the then president, Lidia Gueiler Tejada. The National Congress had to choose the new president among the first three majorities after no candidate obtained more than 50% of the votes. This process was to be carried out on August 6, 1980; However, on July 17, a coup led by General Luis García Meza occurred. After the general strike that left the country practically on the verge of civil war on September 17, 1982, the military government at that time in the hands of General Guido Vildoso Calderón decided to reinstate the Congress elected in 1980, and the legislature decided on September 23 revalidate the presidential election of 1980, taking place on October 5, the date on which Hernán Siles Zuazo was elected president of Bolivia. He assumed his position on October 10, 1982.

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Hernan Siles Zuazo Jaime Paz Zamora	Democratic and Popular Unity	507 173	38,74	47	10
	Victor Paz Estenssoro Ñuflo Chávez Ortiz	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement – Alianza	263 706	20.15	34	10
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Jorge Tamayo Ramos	Nationalist Democratic Action	220 309	16,83	24	6
	Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz José María Palacios	Socialist Party-1	113 959	8,71	10	1
	Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas Benjamin Miguel Harb	Revolutionary Democratic Front – New Alternative	39 401	3,01	5
	Walter Guevara Arze Flavio Machicado Saravia	Authentic Revolutionary Party	36 443	2.78	3
	Guillermo Bedregal Gutiérrez Miguel Trigo	Revolutionary United Nationalist Movement – National Left Movement	24 542	1.87	2
	Carlos Valverde Barbery Enrique Riveros Tejada	Bolivian Socialist Falange	21.372	1.63	3
	Roberto Jordan Pando Edmundo Roca	MNR Nationalist Left Forces Alliance	17 150	1.31
	Constantine Lima Chavez Honorato Sánchez	Revolutionary Movement Tupac Katari de Liberación-1	17 023	1,30	1
	Walter González Valda Norma Vespa	Bolivian Union Party	16 380	1.25
	Luciano Tapia Quisbert Eufronio Vélez Magne	Revolutionary Tupac Katari Liberation Movement	15 852	1.21	1
	Juan Lechín Oquendo Aníbal Aguilar Peñarrieta	Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left	15 724	1,20
Valid votes			1 309 034	65.31
White votes			98 203	6.59
Null vote			82 247	5,52
Total votes cast			1 489 484	74.32	130	27
Registered			2 004 284	100,00
Abstaining			514 800	25,68
Source: Nohlen.

1985 Election

After the crisis of the Democratic and Popular Unity, there were arduous negotiations between the ruling party and the opposition where an agreement was reached to ask President Hernán Siles Zuazo to resign from a year in office and call elections in mid-1985. The general elections of 1985 were held on Sunday, July 14, 1985 to elect the President of the Republic and the senators and deputies of the National Congress. Since no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, it corresponded to the National Congress to choose the president among the most voted candidates. For the first time in the history of Bolivia, the congress elected the second, Víctor Paz Estenssoro, as president, and the composition of the Congress was as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Eudoro Galindo Anze	Nationalist Democratic Action	493 735	32,83	41	10
	Victor Paz Estenssoro Julio Garret Ayllón	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	456 704	30.36	43	16
	Jaime Paz Zamora Oscar Eid Franco	Revolutionary Left Movement	153 143	10,18	15	1
	Roberto Jordan Pando Marcelo Velarde Ortiz	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement of Left	82 418	5,48	8
	Carlos Serrate Reich Zenon Barrientos Mamani	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	72 197	4.80	6
	Ramiro Velasco Romero Wálter Vásquez Michel	Socialist Party-1	38 786	2.58	5
	Antonio Araníbar Quiroga Oscar Salas Moya	United People ' s Front	38 124	2.53	4
	Genaro Flores Santos Filemon Escobar Escobar	Revolutionary Tupac Katari Liberation Movement	31 678	2,11	2
	Luis Ossio Sanjinés Jaime Ponce García	Christian Democratic Party	24 079	1.60	3
	David Añez Pedraza José Luis Gutiérrez Sardán	Bolivian Socialist Falange	19 985	1.33	3
	Macabeo Chila Prieto Hermógenes Bazualdo García	Tupac Katari Revolutionary Movement	16 269	1,088
	Guillermo Lora Escobar Ascencio Cruz Cruz	Revolutionary Workers Party	13 712	0.91
	Raúl Catacora Córdova Guido Capurata Mamani	Popular Civic Action	12 918	0.86
	Francisco Figueroa Marcos Chuquimia	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement of Left	11 696	0.78
	Isaac Sandóval Rodríguez Luis Luján Ticona	United Left	10 892	0.72
	Luís Fernando Mostajo Cavero Delfín Berdeja Taboada	National Progressive Force	9635	0.64
	Juan Santa Cruz Adolfo Murillo Blanco	Humanist Revolutionary Action	9420	0.63
	Humberto Cayoja Riart Antonio Chiquíe Dippo	National Renewable Alliance	8665	0,58
Valid votes			1 504 056	71.33
White votes			126 800	7.34
Null vote			97 509	5,64
Total votes cast			1 728 365	81.97	130	27
Registered			2 108 458	100,00
Abstaining			308 093	18,03
Source: Nohlen.

1989 Elections

The general elections of 1989 were held on Sunday, May 7, 1989. Since no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, it corresponded to the National Congress to designate the president among the three most voted candidates, for the first time in history of Bolivia, the congress elected the third party, Jaime Paz Zamora, as president, and the composition of the Congress was as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Walter Guevara Arze	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	363 113	25,65	40	9
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Luis Ossio Sanjinés	Nationalist Democratic Action	357 298	25,24	38	8
	Jaime Paz Zamora Gustavo Fernández Saavedra	Revolutionary Left Movement	309 033	21.83	33	8
	Carlos Palenque Avilés Jorge Escobari Cusicanqui	Conscience of Homeland	173 459	12,25	9
	Antonio Araníbar Quiroga Wálter Delgadillo Terceros	United Left	113 509	8,02	10
	Roger Cortéz Hurtado Jerjes Justiniano Talavera	Socialist Party-1	39 763	2.81
	Victor Hugo Cárdenas Emmo Emigdio Valeriano Thola	Revolutionary Tupac Katari Liberation Movement	30 286	1.62
	Genaro Flores Santos Hermógenes Bazualdo García	United Front of Katarista Liberation	16 416	1.16
	- Waldo Cerruto Calderón de la B.	Bolivian Socialist Falange	10 608	0.75
	Luis Sandoval Morón Óscar García Suárez	National Left Movement	9687	0.68
Valid votes			1 415 869	66.27
White votes			68 626	4.36
Null vote			89 295	5,67
Total votes cast			1 573 790	73.66	130	27
Registered			2 136 560	100,00
Abstaining			562 770	26,34
Source: Source: Nohlen.

1993 Election

The 1993 general elections were held on Sunday, June 6, 1993. Since no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, it was up to the National Congress to choose the president among the candidates with the most votes. Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada was elected president, and the composition of the Congress was as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Víctor Hugo Cárdenas Conde	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	585 890	35,56	52	17
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Óscar Zamora Medinaceli	Patriotic Agreement (DNA/MIR)	346 811	21,05	35	8
	Carlos Palenque Avilés Ivo Kuljis Füchtner	Conscience of Homeland	235 427	14,29	13	1
	Max Fernández Edgar Talavera Solíz	Civic Solidarity Unit	226 819	13.77	20	7
	Antonio Araníbar Quiroga Miguel Urioste Fernández de Córdova	Bolivia Free Movement	88 260	5,36	7
	Casiano Ancalle Choque Roberto Pacheco García	Bolivian Renewable Alliance	30 864	1.87	1
	Jerjes Justiniano Talavera Pablo Ramos Sánchez	Alternative of Democratic Socialism	30 286	1.84	1
	Carlos Serrate Reich Ramiro Victor Paz Cerruto	Revolutionary Vanguard April 9	21 100	1.28
	José Mario Serrate Paz José Gamarra Zorrilla	Bolivian Socialist Falange	20 497	1.27
	Felix Cárdenas Aguilar Ramiro Barrenechea Zambrana	Aje Pachakuti	18 123	1,10	1
	Ramiro Velasco Romero Lidia Flores Escobar	United Left	16 137	0.98
	Fernando Untoja Choque Tomas Ticuasi Eritaruqui	National Katarista Movement	12 681	0.77
	Óscar Bonifáz Gutiérrez Nelly Enriqueta Ulloa Mealla	Independent Social Organization	8096	0.49
	Carlos Valverde Barbery José Roberto Caballero Oropeza	Federal Democratic Movement	6269	0.38
Valid votes			1 647 710	68.68
White votes			37 071	2,14
Null vote			46 528	2.69
Total votes cast			1 731 309	72.16	130	27
Registered			2 399 197	100,00
Abstaining			667 888	27,84
Source: Nohlen.

1997 Elections

The 1997 general elections were held on Sunday, June 1. Since no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, the National Congress decided among the candidates with the highest number of votes. Hugo Banzer Suárez was re-elected president and the composition of the Congress is as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Hugo Banzer Suárez Jorge Quiroga Ramírez	DNA / NFR / PDC	484 705	22,26	32	11
	Juan Carlos Durán Saucedo Percy Fernández Añez	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	396 235	18,20	26	4
	Remedies Loza Gonzalo Ruiz Paz	Conscience of Homeland	373 528	17,16	19	3
	Jaime Paz Zamora Samuel Doria Medina	Revolutionary Left Movement	365 005	16,77	23	7
	Ivo Kuljis Fuchner Juan Chahín	Civic Solidarity Unit	350 728	16.11	21	2
	Alejo Véliz Lazo Marcos Dominic Ruíz	United Left	80 806	3.71	4
	Miguel Urioste Fernández de Córdova Marcial Fabricano	Bolivia Free Movement	67 244	3,09	5
	Jerjes Justiniano Talavera Sonia Montaño Ferrufino	Socialist avant-garde of Bolivia	30 212	1.39
	Ramiro Barrenechea Zambrana Juan de la Cruz Villca Choque	Aje Pachakuti	18 327	0.84
	Eudoro Galindo Anze Angel Cardona Ayoroa	Bolivian Democratic Party	10 381	0.48
Valid votes			2 177 171	66.93
White votes			76 743	3,31
Null vote			67 203	2.90
Total votes cast			2 321 117	71.36	130	27
Registered			3 252 791	100,00
Abstaining			931 674	28,64
Source: Centellas.

Elections 2002

The 2002 general elections were held on June 30, 2002. Since no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, the National Congress chose among the candidates with the highest number of votes. Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada was re-elected president, receiving 84 votes in Congress against 43 votes for Evo Morales Ayma, the composition of Congress being as follows:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Carlos Diego Mesa Gisbert	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	624 126	22,46	36	11
	Evo Morales Ayma Antonio Peredo Leigue	Movement to Socialism	581 884	20,94	27	8
	Manfred Reyes Villa Ivo Kuljis Füchtner	New Republican Force	581 163	20,91	25	2
	Jaime Paz Zamora Carlos Saavedra Bruno	Revolutionary Left Movement	453 375	16,32	26	5
	Felipe Quispe Huanca Esther Balboa Bustamante	Pachakuti Indigenous Movement	169 239	6.09	6
	Jhonny Fernández Saucedo Marlene Fernández del Granado	Civic Solidarity Unit	153 210	5,51	5
	Ronald MacLean Abaroa Tito Hoz de Vila	Nationalist Democratic Action	94 386	3,40	4	1
	Alberto Costa Obregón Ximena Prudencio Bilbao	Freedom and Justice Party	75 522	2.72
	Rolando Morales Anaya Ernesto Ayoroa Ar Ganña	Socialist Party	18 162	0.65	1
	René Blattmann Bauer Carlos Alarcón Mondonio	Citizen Movement for Change	17 405	0.63
	Nicolás Valdivia Almanza Esperanza Huanca Poma	Conscience of Homeland	10 336	0.37
Valid votes			2 778 808	66.72
White votes			130 685	4.36
Null vote			84 572	2.82
Total votes cast			2 994 065	71.89	130	27
Registered			4 164 909	100,00
Abstaining			1 170 844	28.11
Source: The 2002 presidential and parliamentary elections in Bolivia.

2005 Elections

The next election was to take place in June 2007, but the social crisis and delicate institutional situation that Bolivia continued to experience during 2005 led to its being brought forward, and the 2005 general elections were held on December 18 of the same year. The final results give an absolute majority of more than 54% of votes to Evo Morales and the National Congress was not needed to decide between the candidates with the most votes. The Congress was composed as shown in the following table:

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Evo Morales Ayma Álvaro García Linera	Movement to Socialism	1 544 374	53,74	72	12
	Jorge Quiroga Ramírez Maria René Duchen Cuellar	Social Democratic Power	821 745	28,59	43	13
	Samuel Doria Medina Carlos Dabdoub Arrien	Front of National Unity	224 090	7.79	8	1
	Michiaki Nagatani Morishita Guillermo Bedregal Gutiérrez	Revolutionary Nationalist Movement	185 859	6.46	7	1
	Felipe Quispe Huanca Camila Choqueticlla	Pachakuti Indigenous Movement	61 948	2,15
	Gildo Angulo Cabrera Gonzalo Quiroga Soria	New Republican Force	19 667	0.68
	Eliceo Rodríguez Pari Rodolfo Flores Moreli	Frente Patriótica Agropecuario de Bolivia	8737	0.30
	Néstor García Rojas -	Union Social de los Trabajadores de Bolivia	7381	0.25
Valid votes			2 873 801	78.28
White votes			124 046	3,99
Null vote			104 570	3,37
Total votes cast			3 102 417	84.50	130	27
Registered			3 671 152	100,00
Abstaining			568 735	15,50
Source: IFES, IFES.

2009 Elections

On December 6, 2009, the 2009 general elections were held in Bolivia, after the 2006 Bolivian Constituent Assembly, the 2009 Bolivian Constitutional Referendum held on January 25, 2009, and the promulgation of the Bolivian Constitution of 2009 on February 7, 2009 at a massive event in the city of El Alto.

Evo Morales, from the Movimiento al Socialismo, was re-elected, ensuring his continuity in office until 2015. In these elections, the 130 deputies and 36 senators who will make up the Plurinational Assembly were also elected. International observers sent by the OAS and the European Union endorsed the electoral process and highlighted the "tranquility, massive participation and democratic legitimacy" of the elections

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Evo Morales Ayma Álvaro García Linera	Movement to Socialism	2 943 209	64.22	88	26
	Manfred Reyes Villa Leopoldo Fernández Ferreira	Progress Plan for Bolivia-Convergencia Nacional	1 212 795	26,46	37	10
	Samuel Doria Medina Gabriel Helbing	Front of National Unity	258 971	5,65	3
	René Joaquino Carlos Suárez Gonzáles	Social Alliance	106 027	2.31	2
	Ana María Flores Guillermo Núñez Del Prado	Movement of Patriotic Social Unity	23 257	0.51
	Román Loayza Porfirio Quispe	GUN	15 627	0.34
	Alejo Véliz Lazo Pablo Valdez Molina	People for Freedom and Sovereignty	12 995	0.28
	Rime Choquehuanca Nora Castro	Bolivia Social Democratic	9905	0.22
Valid votes			4 582 786	89.16
White votes			156 290	3,21
Null vote			120 364	2.48
Total votes cast			4 859 440	94.54	130	36
Registered			5 139 554	100,00
Abstaining			280 114	5,45
Source: National Electoral Commission.

2014 Election

On October 12, 2014, the 2014 general elections were held in Bolivia. Evo Morales, from the Movimiento al Socialismo, was re-elected, ensuring his continuity in office until 2020. In these elections, the 130 deputies and 36 senators who will make up the Plurinational Assembly were also elected. The Assembly was controlled in both chambers by the Movement for Socialism, which had more than 2/3. These elections were the second under the Bolivian Constitution of 2009, and the first controlled and verified by the new Plurinational Electoral Body. The terms of the senators and deputies were extended until November 3, 2020, by Law 1270 due to the controversial 2019 general elections that were accused of fraudulent and due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia that forced the postponement of the new general elections. of 2020. From this Chamber of Senators, the Second Vice President of the Senate Jeanine Áñez Chávez was proclaimed President of Bolivia on November 12, 2019 after the conflicts unleashed after the election results, the resignation of Evo Morales Ayma, of Vice President Álvaro García Linera and the presidents of both chambers, thus proclaiming Añez without the necessary quorum President of the State.

Candidates		Party	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
	Evo Morales Ayma Álvaro García Linera	Movement to Socialism	3 173 304	61,36	88	25
	Samuel Doria Medina Ernesto Suárez Sattori	Front of National Unity	1 253 288	24,23	32	9
	Jorge Quiroga Ramírez Tomasa Yarhui	Christian Democratic Party	467 311	9,04	10	2
	Juan del Granado Cosío Adriana Gil Moreno	Movement Without Fear	140 285	2.71
	Fernando Vargas Mosúa Margot Soria Saravia	Green Party of Bolivia	137 240	2.65
Valid votes			5 171 428	82.79
White votes			108 187	2,09
Null vote			208 061	4,02
Total votes cast			5 487 676	87.85	130	36
Registered			6 245 959	100,00
Abstaining			758 283	12,14
Source: Supreme Electoral Court (votes, seats).

2020 Election

On October 18, 2020, the final results give a victory in the first round with 55.11% of the votes to Luis Arce. The Assembly is controlled by a majority in both chambers by the Movimiento al Socialismo. These elections were held after the controversial 2019 Elections where the government was accused of electoral fraud. In addition, these elections were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia.

Candidates			Party / Alliance	Votes	%	Deputies	Senators
		Luis Arce David Choquehuanca	Movement to Socialism	3 391 497	55.11 %	75	21
		Carlos Mesa Gustavo Pedraza	Citizen Community	1 775 044	28.84 %	39	11
		Luis Fernando Camacho Marco Antonio Pumari	We do.	859 783	13.97 %	16	4
		Chi Hyun Chung Salvador Pinto	Front for Victory	95	1.55 %	0	0
		Feliciano Mamani Ruth Nina	Bolivian National Action Party	31 754	0.52%	0	0
Valid votes				6 160 109	95.01 %
White votes				91 426	1.41 %
Null vote				232 358	3.58 %
Total votes cast				6 483 893	88.42 %
Registered				7 332 925
Abstaining				849 033	11.58 %
Source: Supreme Electoral Court