Pedro Gutierrez de los Rios and Aguayo

Pedro Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Aguayo or simply Pedro de los Ríos (Córdoba, Castilian Crown, ca. 1496 – ibid., Crown of Spain, November 1549) was a Spanish nobleman who graduated in Law around 1516, then was twenty-four of Córdoba and became the III lord of Las Ascalonias. He later traveled to Spanish America to occupy the position of governor of Castilla del Oro in Tierra Firme from 1526 to 1529 and would become a soldier in the civil wars between the conquerors of Peru.

Biography until being Lord of Las Ascalonias

Family origin and early years

Pedro Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Aguayo was born around 1496 in the city of Córdoba, in one of the four Andalusian kingdoms that formed part of the then Castilian Crown. His parents were Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Hoces (b. ca. 1440), II Lord of Las Ascalonias and twenty-fourth of Córdoba, who served the Catholic Monarchs in the wars to reconquer Granada from 1482 and who The city of Granada capitulated on November 25, 1491, celebrating its capture and delivery on January 2, 1492, and his wife Elvira Gutiérrez de Aguayo y Montemayor (n. ca. 1460).

The Crown of Castile and the kingdoms that formed it, from 1492 to 1516.

His paternal grandparents were Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Venegas, 1st Lord of Las Ascalonias in 1441 and twenty-four of Córdoba, and his wife María Carrillo de Hoces (b. ca. 1451), a daughter of Pedro González de Hoces (n. ca. 1421) and María Carrillo (n. ca. 1431). His maternal grandparents were Fernando de Aguayo Cárcamo (b. Ca. 1446) and Aldonza de Montemayor (b. Ca. 1456).

In addition, Pedro, being the second-born, had at least two brothers, Gonzalo Gutiérrez de los Ríos (b. ca. 1498), knight of the Order of Calatrava, commander of Jimena and founder of the San Andrés de Córdoba hospital, and Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Aguayo, I Lord of La Moyana since 1551, lieutenant governor of Panama and mayor of Potosí, who in his second marriage married Beatriz Lasso de Mendoza Luna and Saavedra, a daughter of Juan de Luna y Saavedra (b. Córdoba, ca. 1450), Knight Commander of the Order of Santiago, Governor and Captain General of Melilla, and of Francisca Lasso de Mendoza (n. ca. 1460), whose parents were Íñigo López de Mendoza, II Duke of Infantado and III Marquis of Santillana, and María de Luna y Pimentel.

Her two nephews who also went to Spanish America were Francisca Gutiérrez de los Ríos and Lasso de Mendoza who married Gonzalo Martel de la Puente y Guzmán, XI Lord of Almonaster, that he had been treasurer of Castilla de Oro from the beginning of 1532 until January 1535, and that in the successor governorship of Tierra Firme he was alderman in 1542 and mayor of Panama in 1543, whose daughter Luisa Martel de los Ríos y Mendoza would marry the adelantado Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera, and the other nephew was the II Lord of La Moyana, named Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Lasso de Mendoza (n. ca. 1510) who she linked up with the Sevillian Catalina de la Cerda y Cabrera.

Law graduate and lord of Las Ascalonias

Pedro graduated with a law degree around 1516, at the same time that the Crowns of Castile and Aragon were definitively united, naming it the Kingdom of Spain with the self-proclaimed sovereign Carlos I. Later he was named "twenty-four knight" of Córdoba, at the same time that said Spanish king was appointed by the Electors as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire under the name of Carlos V, and by mayorazgo Gutiérrez de los Ríos became III Lord of Las Ascalonias.

Governor of Castilla del Oro

The governorates of Castilla de Oro and Nueva Andalucía in 1539, colonial divisions of the first and nominal Land Kingdom Signature.

Trip to Spanish America with your family

At the beginning of 1525 he was sent to Spanish America as an imperial representative with the power to judge the residency of his predecessor Pedro Arias Dávila, for which he embarked with his wife, his daughter Leonor, his son-in-law, and his nephews Pedro and Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos and Lasso de Mendoza, where they arrived escorted by artillery under the command of Pedro de Candia.

Map of Central America in the early days of Spanish colonization:
LILA: the governorate of Castilla del Oro de Tierra Firme or oriental since 1537, since a peaceful coastal portion was removed to make up the duke that goes up.
ROJO: the new Duchy of Veragua.
VERDE: the peaceful coastline of Castilla de Oro Occidental (and also the governorates of Nicaragua and Honduras).
AMARILLO: the governorate of Veragua Real.
VERDE inferior and AMARILLO: they were joined in 1540 to form the nominal governorate of New Cartago and Costa Rica but became mayor in 1543.
NARANJA: the tenure of government in Brussels with the peninsula of Nicoya, which existed from 1524 to 1542, but which in 1529 had passed from Castilla del Oro to the already mentioned governorate of Nicaragua.

Appointment as Governor

He was later appointed governor of Castilla del Oro, in May 1526, which covered southeastern Central America and the extreme northwest of South America, extending from the Gulf of Urabá —west of present-day Colombia— to the vicinity from the Belén river, where the governorate of Veragua began (which included the Caribbean coast of present-day Nicaragua and Costa Rica and part of Panama, which was in dispute between the Crown and the Columbus family).

He took office in July of that year, and later moved to the territory of Nicaragua that was being temporarily administered as a dependency of Castilla del Oro, since it was in the process of being officially declared as a governorate or province.

From the year 1526 (until 1538), the governorates of Castilla del Oro, Honduras, including that of Veragua that was claimed by the Columbus family from the Spanish Crown, as well as the Nicaraguan territory, all the other governorates and others & #34;kingdoms of the Indies" They depended on the Royal Audience of Santo Domingo.

In 1527, the Crown officially created the province of Nicaragua in the territories of the Pacific slope, appointing Pedro Arias Dávila as its first governor —who took Diego López de Salcedo prisoner— at that time it still did not include the territories from the Caribbean slope, since then they were part of the so-called governorship of Veragua.

It was requested to establish whether the territory of the town of Brussels (currently in Costa Rica), belonged to the province of Nicaragua or remained under the authority of Castilla del Oro. A royal decree of April 21, 1529 resolved the conflict through favor of the province of Nicaragua, when the town of Brussels had already ceased to exist.

End of term and trip to Spain

However, Diego López de Salcedo y Rodríguez, governor of Honduras, appeared in the city of León and without authorization from the Crown, forced him to withdraw from the territory and return to Castilla del Oro where he governed in an unwise manner, so after several years he was dismissed, for which, in August 1529 he had to leave his post to return to his hometown in Europe.

Treasurer of the province of Nicaragua and death

Appointment in Central America

Subsequently, he was sent to Central America again to hold the position of treasurer of the province of Nicaragua from 1534 to 1541 and later marched to South America.

Trip to Peru and participation in the civil war

In Peru, he served in the civil wars between conquistadors under the orders of the Marquis Francisco Pizarro, governor of Nueva Castilla. He was one of the first Spanish settlers in the city of Cuzco and participated in the battles of Chupas in 1542, together with his nephew Diego and the general field master Pedro Álvarez Holguín.

On October 27, 1547, he participated in the Battle of Huarina, which took place in the homonymous high-Peruvian plain near Lake Titicaca and belonging to the Viceroyalty of Peru of the Spanish Empire, this being his last action in America.

Death in Europe

Pedro Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Aguayo returned to Europe around 1548 and died in November 1549 in the city of Córdoba, capital of the homonymous kingdom of the four Andalusian kingdoms that formed part of the Crown of Spain.

Marriages and offspring

Mr. Pedro Gutiérrez de los Ríos was married twice:

• 1) - In the first nupcias was linked with his cousin Inés Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Venegas de Montemayor, whose parents were Fernando Gutiérrez de los Ríos, IV master of Fernán Núñez, and of Urraca Venegas de Solier, and had at least two children:

• Elvira Gutiérrez de los Ríos y de los Ríos Venegas, who married Juan Fernández de Córdoba and Venegas (f. 1578), V señor de Zuheros, son of Alonso Fernández de Córdoba and Solier, IV master of Zuheros, and Major de Venegas.
• Diego Gutiérrez de los Ríos y de los Ríos Venegas (f. Flandes), IV master of Las Ascalonias, who married Isabel Alfonso de Montemayor — a daughter of Alfonso Fernández de Montemayor (f. ca. 1450), lord of Montalbán, mayor perpetuo de Écija, knight of the Order of Santiago and a fatherly grandson of his homonymous (f. Córdoba, 13 V lord of Las Ascalonias, who would link with Leonor de Cabrera and Méndez de Sotomayor, of whom there was a deceased child. Diego would lose his life fighting in the war of the Eighty Years in favor of King Philip II of Spain.

• 2) - In second nupcias he was matrimonized with the widow Catherine Arias of Saavedra and Castillejo, who was the sister of Bishop Martin Fernández de Angulo, and in turn both legitimate sons of Fernando Páez de Castillejo, I lord of Castillejo and twenty-four of Córdoba, and his spouse Leonor de Angulo and Arias de Saavedra. Catherine had first married Alfonso Fernández de Valenzuela, lord of the village of Valenzuela and twenty-four of Córdoba. As a result of the link between Pedro Gutiérrez de los Ríos and Catalina Arias de Saavedra, there were three daughters but two died being girls, surviving the eldest with which they passed to the Spanish America:

• Leonor Gutiérrez de los Ríos y Angulo, II Sra de Castillejo, que se unió en marriage en España con Arias de Acevedo (f. before 1554), señor de la Casa de Acevedo en Córdoba, quien fuera hijo de Pedro de Acevedo, corregidor de Badajoz. They passed to Indias where their husband bought goods and became a rich merchant and governer of Panama, in Castilla del Oro, and then Cuzco, in the new great Viceroy of Peru. Both were the ancestors of the Puebla Marquess.