Ordinary law

An ordinary law is a legal text approved by a legislative assembly, a parliament or a congress of deputies with legal validity and that has effects throughout the national territory or part of it. As a general rule, the ordinary law is the norm of legal rank that constitutes the third step in the legal hierarchy of the laws of a State, after the Constitution and parallel to the organic laws or other equivalent ones (which usually have extraordinary requirements for their approval). and deal with special subjects), of the same hierarchical rank and different at the level of competence.

Its approval corresponds to the general courts, normally, by a majority of the members in office of the corresponding chambers. In democratic systems, members of parliament or congress are elected by universal suffrage. The approval of the laws can be carried out by voting in the plenary session of the chamber, or by any of the legislative commissions that may exist.

Ordinary laws begin their processing, either at the initiative of the Chamber itself, or at the initiative of the executive branch. In some systems, moreover, it is admitted that it is through a popular initiative.

Laws are also those issued by the legislative bodies of the federated states, territories or autonomous communities that, within a federal, regional or autonomous state, have this capacity attributed. Regulates general topics, in the abstract without taking a concrete and factual situation as a reference.

Organic Laws

In contrast to ordinary law, organic law stems from a constitutional or regimental precept. For one, a number of votes of the legislative assembly is required, normally a simple majority of the votes. For the organic law, a number of votes is required that normally exceeds an absolute majority (50% of the legislative chamber plus one vote) or a qualified majority (normally 3/5 of the legislative assembly).

France

In France, an ordinary law (sometimes called a mere law) is an act voted by Parliament according to the legislative procedure established by the French Constitution and in one of matters that the Constitution expressly reserves. The ordinary law is voted according to a particular procedure of the National Assembly and the Senate. Since the Constitution of October 4, 1958, their property is limited by article 34 of the Constitution; These are rules on public freedom, status and capacity of people, determination of crimes and offences, criminal procedure, taxes, etc. The Parliament cannot excel its property of intervention without incurring the sanction of an organ: the Constitutional Council of France. A law that exceeded the limits of intervention could not be enacted.

Italy

Although the Constitution governs the preparation, approval and use of ordinary laws, sometimes it allows their extension. Indeed, in Italy, it is not uncommon for an ordinary law to contribute to the construction of the constitution. In other words, the Italian constitution is governed by the so-called Albertine Statute, signed in 1848, which means that the ordinary laws establish the constitution itself.