October 11th

October 11 is the 284th (two hundred and eighty-fourth) day of the year—the 285th (two hundred and eighty-fifth) in leap years—in the Gregorian calendar. There are 81 days left to end the year.

Events

• 368: An earthquake occurs in Nicea (Turkey). A few days later there was another earthquake in the Helesponte.
• 1138: In Aleppo and Ganzah (Syria) there is an earthquake of magnitude 8.5 in the seismological scale of Richter, which leaves a balance of 230,000 dead.
• 1469: In Dueñas (Spain) King Fernando II of Aragon met Isabel I of Castile and decided to marry (the Catholic Kings will be).
• 1582: in Spain, Italy, Poland and Portugal, this day is skipped – between Thursday, October 4, 1582 and Friday, October 15 – due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar.

Die erschreckliche wasser fluth17th century painting on the flood of Burchardi (11 October 1634).

• 1634: between tonight and tomorrow, the coast of Germany and the Netherlands is swept away by a cyclic mare (the Burchardi flood). A balance remains from 10,000 to 15,000 people drowned.
• 1698: France, England and the Netherlands sign in The Hague a treaty to distribute the territories of the Crown of Spain, to the death without descent of Charles II of Spain.
• 1700: Carlos II of Spain appoints successor to the French suitor to the crown of Spain.
• 1727: George II and Carolina of Brandenburg-Ansbach are crowned kings of Great Britain.
• 1737: In the evening, the city of Calcutta (capital of Bengal, in India) receives in the midst of a storm (fallen 380 mm of water in 6 h) a cyclonic jaw of several meters high, generated by a supercyclone. Only in Calcutta—who at that time had 20 000 inhabitants— 3000 people die. Possibly the number of 300 000 deceased persons, and the wave of "12 m high" (possibly less). Some consider it a tsunami.
• 1745: German sage and clergy Ewald Jurgen von Kleist presents the electric experiment that became famous with the name of "Bottle of Leyden".
• 1780: In the Antilles (Mar Caribe) it is the second day of the Great Hurricane of 1780, the first hurricane with the largest number of fatalities from which data are available (27 000 total deaths). It will last until October 16.
• 1811: In Chile, thanks to the initiative of Manuel de Salas, the Law on Freedom of Belly is created, which makes Chile the second country in the world (after France) to legislate against slavery.
• 1811: In Spain, General Mina arrives in Ayerbe to siege and attack the numerous French garrison that was fortified in the palace of the Marquis of Ayerbe.
• 1830: in Warsaw (Poland), composer Frédéric Chopin interprets his soloist Concert for piano n.o 1, one of the most important piano and orchestra concerts in history.
• 1833: in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina) the Revolt of the Restauradores, directed by the feds against the government of Juan Ramón Balcarce, explodes.
• 1835: in Spain the decree of extinction, with exceptions, of religious orders in the country and of the demolition of ecclesiastical goods.
• 1838: in the Río de la Plata (Argentina), a French squad invades the island Martín García.
• 1846: The island of Cuba is full by the Storm of San Francisco de Borja. It was the only category 5 hurricane that Havana and one of the few hurricanes in that category have hit Cuba. It happened only two years after the very strong hurricane of 1844 (against the statistics on the appearance of hurricanes). It was only comparable to the hurricanes of 1926 and 1944.
• 1852: The University of Sydney, the oldest university in that country, is inaugurated in Australia.
• 1856: in Masaya (Nicaragua), the First Battle of Masaya begins with the attack of the troops of the filibuster William Walker to that city occupied by the Central American Allied Army, led by Salvadoran General Ramón Belloso, and will end 2 days later with the defeat of Walker.
• 1864: In Brazil, the village of Campina Grande is established as a city.
• 1876: In Mexico, General Porfirio Díaz sublevates against President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, to which it happens.
• 1878: In Argentina, Julio Argentino Roca launched the "Desierto" Campaign against the tribes of the south of the country.
• 1890: In Washington, the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.
• 1899: South Africa begins the Second War of the Boeres between the United Kingdom, the Boer of Transvaal and the Free State of Orange.
• 1899: In the United States, the former West League of baseball changes its name to American League
• 1909: The island of Cuba is hit by a strong hurricane.
• 1912: In the framework of the First Balkan War, the Greek army liberates the city of Kozani.
• 1934: In Spain, the government of Alejandro Lerroux reinstates the death penalty by vile claw.
• 1944: the People's Republic of Tannu Tuvá is annexed to the Soviet Union.
• 1954: In the framework of the Indochina War, the Viet Minh takes control of North Vietnam.
• 1958: In the United States, NASA launches the Pioneer 1 lunar test; however the ship fails and returns to Earth.
• 1960: In Spain the first 60 kg of enriched uranium arrived in Spain to be used in research and experimentation. Spain is thus incorporated into the atomic era.
• 1961: The Night of the Three Ps is held in Cuba.
• 1962: In the Vatican City, Pope John XXIII opened the Second Vatican Council, which modernized the spirit and structures of the Catholic Church.
• 1963: 261 meters underground, in the U3bz area of the Nevada atomic testing site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 6:00 (local time) United States detonates its Grunion atomic bomb, of 8 kiloton. At 13:00 detonates the Tornillo pump, 149 meters underground, of 0.38 kilotons. It is the bombs No. 341 and 342 of the 1132 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
• 1968: in Panama, a coup d'etat of the National Guard defeats President Arnulfo Arias Madrid (1901-1988), and a Board chaired by Omar Torrijos and Boris Martínez is formed.
• 1971: in Munich (Germany) the experimental magnetic suspension train is presented Transrapid.
• 1973: The rock band Queen publishes the song that is considered its first great success, Killer Queen.
• 1977: in Spain, he returns to Madrid Victoria Kent, former Minister of Health in the Republic, after 38 years in exile.
• 1978: In Panama, Arístides Royo assumes the presidency.
• 1980: Venezuelan Baruj Benacerraf wins the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
• 1981: in Bucaramanga, Colombia, at least four fans of the Atlético Bucaramanga die in a football game by police and army shots.
• 1984: in Panama he assumes the presidency Nicolás Ardito Barletta.
• 1990: Spain accedes to the World Charter on the Rights of the Child.
• 1990: Mexican Octavio Paz wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1991: In Cuba, Fidel Castro announced a secular state, a mixed economy and blames the Soviet Union for the Cuban economic crisis. All this at the IV Congress of the PCC, in which he is re-elected party leader.
• 1995: Mexican Mario Molina wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
• 1997: in Madrid (Spain) the reform of the Teatro Real was inaugurated, converted back into opera theatre.
• 2000: James J. Heckman and Daniel L. McFadden win the Nobel Prize in Economics
• 2004: The municipal elections are held in Chile.
• 2006: in Manhattan (New York), a piper plane crashes into a building, leaving a balance of 21 injured and two deceased.
• 2009: in the Vatican City, Pope Benedict XVI canonizes five new saints: Juana Jugan, Damián de Veuster, Rafael Arnáiz Barón, Zygmunt Szczęsny Felinski and Francisco Coll Guitart.
• 2012: Pope Benedict XVI opens the Year of Faith on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the Second Vatican Council and the twentieth anniversary of the publication of the Catechism of the Catholic Church.
• 2013: the Year of Faith is due to be completed.
• 2013 In Barranquilla, Colombia La Selección Colombia Classifies the 2014 World Cup Soccer After packing in the Roberto Meléndez 3-3 Metropolitan Stadium in front of the Chilean football team and returning to a world after 16 years.
• 2020: In France, Rafael Nadal won the Roland Garros tournament in the middle of the CoVid-19 pandemic. With this victory he reached Roger Federer in Grand Slam titles.

Births

• 1986: Juanjo Álvarez, Catalan entrepreneur
• 1616: Andreas Gryphius, German poet (f. 1664).
• 1671: Federico IV de Denmark (f. 1730).
• 1675: Samuel Clarke, English philosopher and theologian (f. 1729).
• 1738: Arthur Phillip, British Admiral (f. 1814).

Gregorio Potemkin.

• 1739: Gregorio Potemkin, Russian politician and military (f. 1791).
• 1755: Fausto Elhúyar, a Spanish chemist, discoverer of wolframio (f. 1833).
• 1758: Heinrich Olbers, astronomer and German physician (f. 1840).
• 1799: Paula Montal, religious and holy Spanish (f. 1889).
• 1814: Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French archbishop (f. 1888).
• 1821: George Williams, British founder of the YMCA (f. 1905).
• 1844: Henry John Heinz, American businessman (f. 1916).
• 1846: Carlos Pellegrini, Argentine politician, president between 1890 and 1892 (f. 1906).
• 1847: Alice Meynell, a British writer and editor (f. 1922).
• 1854: Wilhelm Jerusalem, a philosopher and Austrian pedagogue (f. 1923).
• 1854: Adela Zamudio, Bolivian writer (f. 1928).
• 1858: Cipriano Castro, Venezuelan president between 1899 and 1908 (f. 1924).
• 1866: Carlos Arniches, a Spanish writer (f. 1943).
• 1871: Gabriel Leyva Solano, Mexican military (f. 1910).
• 1872: Emily Wilding Davison, British activist (f. 1913).
• 1872: Fermina Oliva and Ocaña, one of the Spanish survivors of Titanic in April 1912 (f. 1969).
• 1876: Paul Masson, French cyclist (f. 1944).
• 1881: Hans Kelsen, Austrian philosopher and politician (f. 1973).
• 1884: Friedrich Bergius, German chemist and industrialist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1931 (f. 1949).

Eleanor Roosevelt.

• 1884: Eleanor Roosevelt, American politics, wife of Franklin D. Roosevelt (f. 1962).
• 1884: Sig Ruman, German-American actor (f. 1967).
• 1885: François Mauriac, French writer, nobel literature award in 1952 (f. 1970).
• 1885: Alicia Moreau de Justo, médica y política argentina (f. 1986).
• 1885: Lowell Sherman, American filmmaker (f. 1934).
• 1890: Luis N. Morones, Mexican politician (f. 1964).
• 1894: Luis Ángel Firpo, Argentine boxer (f. 1960).
• 1895: Jakov Gotovac, Croatian composer (f. 1982).
• 1896: Nelly Quel, an Argentine actress (f. 1944).
• 1904: Tita Merello, Argentinean actress and singer (f. 2002).
• 1905: Fred Trump, a real estate and philanthropist (f. 1999).
• 1910: Pedro Aleandro, Argentine actor (f. 1985).
• 1910: Adolfo Rincón de Arellano García, a Spanish cardiologist and politician (f. 2006).
• 19190: Ivan Boyko, Soviet military (f. 1975).
• 1911: Changampuzha Krishna Pillai, a Hindu poet (f. 1948).
• 1913: John T. Parsons, American engineer (f. 2007).
• 1918: Fred Bodsworth, a Canadian journalist (f. 2012).
• 1918: Jerome Robbins, American choreographer and filmmaker (f. 1998).
• 1919: Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (f. 1990).
• 1920: Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (f. 2012).
• 1921: Fernando Garrido Falla, Spanish jurist (f. 2003).
• 1925: Luis González and González, Mexican historian (f. 2003).
• 1925: Elmore Leonard, American writer and writer (f. 2013).
• 1926: Thích Nhŭt Hignannh, monk, writer and activist for Vietnamese peace (f. 2022).
• 1927: Josefina Carlota of Belgium, Belgian princess (f. 2005).
• 1927: William Perry, American engineer.
• 1928: Alfonso de Portago, Spanish pilot of Formula 1 (f. 1957).
• 1928: Luis Figueroa Yábar, Peruvian filmmaker (f. 2012).
• 1929: Curtis Amy, American saxophoneist (f. 2002).
• 1929: Luis Banchero Rossi, Peruvian entrepreneur (f. 1972).
• 1935: Daniel Quinn, American environmental activist (f. 2018).
• 1936: Billy Higgins, American battery (f. 2001).
• 1936: Alberto Vázquez-Figueroa, Spanish writer.
• 1936: Tom Zé, Brazilian composer and musician.
• 1937: Bobby Charlton, British footballer.
• 1939: Maria Bueno, Brazilian tennis player (f. 2018).
• 1941: Lester Bowie, American trumpetist and composer (f. 1999).
• 1941: Eugenio Jofra Bafalluy, a Spanish humorist (f. 2001).
• 1941: Charles Shyer, filmmaker, film producer and American screenwriter.
• 1942: Amitabh Bachchan, Indian actor.
• 1942: James Oliver Huberty, mass murderer.
• 1943: Zahur Klemath Zapata, American poet and philosopher.
• 1944: Joan Gaspart, Spanish entrepreneur.
• 1944: Javier Sáenz de Cosculluela, Spanish politician.
• 1946: Daryl Hall, American musician, of the Hall & Oates band.
• 1947: Al Atkins, British singer, of the band Judas Priest.
• 1947: Lukás Papadimos, Greek economist, Vice President of the European Central Bank.
• 1948: Cecilia, Spanish singer (f. 1976).
• 1948: Peter Turkson, Ghanaian cardinal.
• 1950: Rene Bond, American pornographic actress (f. 1996).
• 1950: Catlin Adams, American actress.
• 1950: Amos Guitai, Israeli filmmaker.

Jean-Jacques Goldman.

• 1951: Jean-Jacques Goldman, French composer and singer.
• 1952: Bernardo Valencia, Venezuelan bullfighter (f. 2011).
• 1953: David Morse, an American actor.
• 1954: Vojislav Šešelj, Serbian lawyer and politician.
• 1955: Norm Nixon, American basketball player.
• 1956: Nicanor Duarte Frutos, Paraguayan president.
• 1957: Paul Sereno, American paleontologist.
• 1959: Wayne Gardner, Australian motorcycle pilot.
• 1960: Randy Breuer, American basketball player.
• 1960: Nicola Bryant, British actress.
• 1961: Hany Abu-Assad, Dutch filmmaker of Palestinian origin.
• 1961: Neil Buchanan, American guitarist and actor, from the Marseille band.
• 1961: Amr Diab, Egyptian singer.
• 1961: Gilda (Miriam Alejandra Bianchi), Argentinean singer (f. 1996).
• 1961: Steve Young, American football player.

Joan Cusack.

• 1962: Joan Cusack, American actress.
• 1962: Gustavo Luza, Argentine tennis player.
• 1963: Ronny Rosenthal, Israeli footballer.
• 1963: Jordi Villacampa, player and Spanish basketball director.
• 1965: Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain, Spanish physicist.
• 1965: Orlando Hernández, Cuban baseball player.
• 1965: Sean Patrick Flanery, American actor.
• 1965: Luke Perry, American actor (f. 2019).
• 1966: Pau Donés, singer, guitarist and Spanish composer (f. 2020).
• 1966: Rikishi, American fighter.
• 1967: José Ángel Hevia, Spanish gaitero.
• 1967: Tazz, American fighter.
• 1967: Mario Salas, Chilean football coach.
• 1967: Tony Chimel, American sports commentator.
• 1968: José Antonio Fortea Cucurull, Spanish religious and theologian.
• 1968: Jane Krakowski, American actress.
• 1969: Constantine Cristobal, aristocrat Dutch.
• 1969: Stephen Moyer, American actor and director.
• 1970: Gerardo Chendo, Argentine actor.
• 1970: U-God, American rapper, Wu-Tang Clan band.
• 1970: Andy Marriott, British footballer.
• 1971: Jason Ellis, Australian skateboarder.
• 1971: Petra Haden, a violinist and American singer, of the Tito and Tarántula bands and The Decemberists.
• 1972: Claudia Black, Australian actress.
• 1972: Cherokee Parks, American basketball player.
• 1973: Mike Smith, American guitarist, from the band Limp Bizkit.
• 1973: Takeshi Kaneshiro, Japanese actor and singer.
• 1974: Terje Haakonsen, Norwegian snowboarder.
• 1974: Héctor Berenguel, Spanish footballer.

Emily Deschanel.

• 1975: Nat Faxon, American actor and producer.
• 1976: Emily Deschanel, American actress.
• 1976: Baby Rasta, Puerto Rican singer of reggaeton, of the band Baby Rasta & Gringo.
• 1976: Diego Topa, actor and conductor of Argentine television.
• 1977: Matthew Bomer, American actor..
• 1977: Laura Gallego García, Spanish writer.
• 1977: Desmond Mason, American basketball player.
• 1978: Trevor Donovan, American actor.
• 1979: Gabe Saporta, Uruguayan singer, of the Cobra Starship band.
• 1980: Nyron Nosworthy, British footballer.
• 1980: Ahmed al-Haznawi, a Saudi terrorist who participated in 11S (f. 2001).
• 1981: Beau Brady, Australian actor.
• 1982: Terrell Suggs, American football player.
• 1982: Mauricio Victorino, Uruguayan footballer.
• 1983: Bradley James, British actor.
• 1983: Ruslan Ponomariov, Ukrainian chess player.
• 1983: Derrick James, Puerto Rican actor.
• 1984: Martha MacIsaac, Canadian actress.
• 1985: Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress.
• 1987: Mike Conley, Jr., American basketball player.
• 1987: Pablo Mouche, Argentine soccer player.
• 1987: Tony Beltran, American footballer.
• 1988: Omar González, American footballer.
• 1989: Henry Lau, Canadian singer, Super Junior-M band.
• 1991: Toby Fox, Composer and developer of American video games.
• 1992: Cardi B, American rapper and memes star.

Deaths

• 1188: Roberto I de Dreux (n. 1123).
• 1303: Bonifacio VIII, Italian potato between 1294 and 1303 (n. 1235).
• 1347: Louis IV of Bavaria, German emperor (n. 1282).
• 1424: Jan Zizka, Czech general (n. 1360).
• 1531: Ulrico Zuinglio, Swiss Protestant theologian (n. 1484).
• 1627: Bernardo de Balbuena, Spanish poet (n. 1562).
• 1629: Brother Luis de Bolaños, Franciscan priest, Spanish missionary and evangelizer, translator of catechism to Guaraní (n. 1550).
• 1670: Luis Le Vau, French architect (n. 1612).
• 1705: Guillaume Amontons, French physicist (n. 1663).
• 1708: Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician and inventor (n. 1651).
• 1721: Edward Colston, British political and marcher (n. 1636).
• 1779: Kazimierz Pułaski, Polish soldier (n. 1745).
• 1809: Meriwether Lewis, American explorer (n. 1774).
• 1813: Robert Kerr, a naturalist and a Scottish translator (n. 1755).
• 1830: José de La Mar, a Peruvian politician, president on two occasions (n. 1778).
• 1850: Luisa Maria de France, Belgian queen (n. 1812).
• 1852: Ferdinand Eisenstein, German mathematician (n. 1823).
• 1889: James Prescott Joule, British physicist (n. 1818).
• 1896: Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer and organist (n. 1824).
• 1897: Léon Boëllmann, French composer (n. 1862).
• 1935: Florentine Oviedo, Paraguayan military (n. 1840)
• 1936: Amparo Barayón, pianist and anarchist activist, republican, socialist and Spanish feminist (n. 1905).
• 1937: Aniela Wolberg, Polish anarchist (n. 1907).
• 1940: Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physical (n. 1860).
• 1958: Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter (n. 1876).

Marx boy.

• 1961: Chico Marx, American actor and comedian (n. 1887).
• 1963: Jean Cocteau, French writer, painter and filmmaker (n. 1889).

Édith Piaf.

• 1963: Édith Piaf, French singer (n. 1915).
• 1965: Dorothea Lange, American photographer (n. 1895).
• 1973: Mauro Núñez Cáceres, Bolivian musician and charanguist (n. 1902).
• 1973: Juan García "El peralvillo", Mexican actor and argumentist (n. 1905).
• 1979: Joseíto Fernández, Cuban musician who created the song "Guajira guantanamera" (n. 1908).
• 1982: Humberto "Coquito" Ortiz, actor and Argentine writer (n. 1933).
• 1982: Edith Hinkley Quimby, medical and physical (n. 1891)
• 1986: Georges Dumezil, French philologist and historian (n. 1898).
• 1987: José Estornés Lasa, lawyer, editor, writer, linguist and Spanish politician (n. 1913).
• 1987: Jaime Pardo Leal, politician and Colombian presidential candidate (n. 1941).
• 1987: Koldo Mitxelena, Spanish linguist (n. 1915).
• 1989: M. King Hubbert, American geographer and physicist (n. 1904).
• 1991: Redd Foxx, American comedian (n. 1922).
• 1993: Jess Thomas, American tenor (n. 1927).
• 1996: Lars Ahlfors, Finnish mathematician (n. 1907).
• 1996: Renato Russo, Brazilian musician and guitarist, from the bands Legião Urbana and Aborto Elétrico (n. 1960).
• 1996: Carlos Mancheno Military boxes, colonel and Ecuadorian president 1947-1947 (n. 1902).
• 1998: Richard Denning, American actor (n. 1914).
• 1999: Oscar Valicelli, Argentine actor (n. 1915).
• 2000: Donald Dewar, Scottish chief and political minister (n. 1937).
• 2000: Irma Prego, a Nicaraguan writer (n. 1933).
• 2002: Antonio González and González, a Spanish chemist (n. 1917).
• 2005: Juan Rogelio Núñez, Chilean footballer (n. 1953).
• 2006: Cory Lidle, American baseball player, New York Yankees (n. 1972).
• 2007: Javier de Castro, Spanish metallurgical trade unionist (n. 1944).
• 2007: Sri Chinmoy, American spiritual leader and writer of Bengali origin (n. 1931).
• 2008: Jörg Haider, Austrian politician (n. 1950).
• 2008: Ernst-Paul Hasselbach, Dutch television producer (n. 1966).
• 2008: Neal Hefti, American trumpetist and composer (n. 1922).
• 2009: Angelo DiGeorge, American endocrinologist (n. 1922).
• 2010: Francisco Suárez Cardona, ornithologist and Spanish ecologist (n. 1953).
• 2011: Frank Kameny, American LGBT activist (n. 1925).
• 2012: Frank Alamo, French singer (n. 1941).
• 2012: Helmut Haller, German footballer (n. 1939).
• 2012: Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (n. 1920).
• 2013: María de Villota, Spanish Formula 1 pilot (n. 1980).
• 2013: Leopoldo González Sáenz, Mexican lawyer and politician (n. 1924).
• 2014: Carmelo Simeone, Argentine footballer (n. 1934).
• 2019: Alekséi Leónov, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut (n. 1935).
• 2019: Robert Forster, American actor (n. 1941).
• 2020: Hugo Arana, Argentine actor (n. 1943).
• 2022: Allan Wood, Australian swimmer (n. 1943).

Celebrations

• International Day of the Girl
• Day to leave the Navy
• ColombiaColombia:
  • Arequipe Day
• Argentina:
  • Milk Sweet Day
• BoliviaBolivia:
  • Bolivian Women ' s Day
• United States:
  • Commemorative Day of General Pułaski
• Northern MacedoniaNorth Macedonia:
  • Revolution Day
• South Africa:
  • Day of Solidarity with the Political Prisoners of South Africa
• ColombiaColombia:
  • National Day for the Dignity of the Victims of Genocide against the Patriotic Union (UP)

Catholic saints list

• San Anastasio de Schemaris
• San Bruno de Lotaringia
• San Cánico de Ireland
• San Felipe (deacon)
• San Fermín de Uzés
• San Gaudencio or Radzim
• San Gumaro de Lierre
• San Juan XXIII (papapa)
• Santa Maria Soledad Torres Acosta
• San Meinardo de Riga
• San Pedro Le Tuy
• Santino de Verdún
• San Sármata de Tebaida
• Blessed Angel Ramos Velázquez
• Blessed Jacob of Ulma Griesinger
• Blessed Mary of Jesus d'Oultremont