Municipality of Abasolo (Guanajuato)

Abasolo is a municipality in the State of Guanajuato, the exact date of its foundation is unknown. The municipal capital city has 27,389 inhabitants according to the 2010 census, making it the 22nd city in state population, when it was the 18th in 2005. The name of this municipality has undergone several modifications over time. At first its original name was Cuitzeo de los Naranjos, which means 'Place of Skunks' in Purépecha. Later, in decree No. 251 dated May 4, 1852, where the congress of the state of Guanajuato declared it a town, it was known as Cuitzeo de Abasolo. But it was not until May 6, 1852, where the governor of the state, Octaviano Muñoz Ledo, made the respective publication, beginning with that date the life of this place as a town.

This municipality is located in the region known as El Bajío, in the south-west area of the state, an area of high agricultural production where the main city is Pénjamo, followed by Abasolo, which is smaller relative to the first city. but of similar tourist importance, and some less inhabited municipalities and cities. Its height with respect to sea level is 1760 meters.

Toponymy

Abasolo, the current name of this city and municipality, has not always had this name, since at the beginning of its formation, as a ranch, and even before it existed as such, this place has been known as name of Cuitzeo, a Purépecha or Tarascan word that means 'place of skunks'.

The current name, Abasolo, is given to this place in honor of the distinguished hero of Independence José Mariano Abasolo and it is from November 12, 1963 that both the state Congress and the state governor, Juan José de la Madre, decree the last name change of this city.

With the facts and characters indicated, it can be understood that Cuitzeo or Abasolo, begins to have life and take its own form when, skillfully, the Crown of Spain cedes to the Purépecha Indian convert Tomás Diego de Quesuchigua (who was the son of the king Purépecha Caltzontzin) in the Royal Decree of August 12, 1532, an extension of land (where Pénjamo was founded and from which territory was subsequently taken to form the municipalities Cuerámaro, Abasolo and Manuel Doblado), the same of which he never came into possession, for accompanying the Spanish as "captain" in the war they waged against the Chichimecas, however, from that date onwards, the first towns and ranches in the region began to be founded, including Cuitzeo or Abasolo, which from 1532 to 1998 is:

• Cuitzeo (1532-1559)
• Estancia de Cuitzeo (1559-1598)
• Santa Misión de San José de Ojo Caliente (1598-1684)
• Hacienda de Cuitzeo de los Naranjos (1684-1850)
• Congregation of Cuitzeo de los Naranjos (1850-1852)
• Pueblo de Cuitzeo de Abasolo (1852-1870)
• Villa and Municipality of Cuitzeo de Abasolo (1870-1953)
• City of Cuitzeo de Hidalgo (1953-1963)
• City of Abasolo (1963-currently)

The main owners of Cuitzeo, during the time when it was: Estancia, holy mission or hacienda, were the following:

• Don Juan de Villaseñor Orozco (1532)
• Don Francisco de Villaseñor y Cervantes (1559)
• Bachiller Don Alfonso Martínez (1562)
• Don Pedro Gómez de Ávila (1566)
• Don Gonzalo de Ávalos (1588)
• Doña María de Zamaniego (1600)
• Don Alfonso de Alcocer (1625)
• Don José Tomás de Alcocer y Bocanegra (1670)
• Mr. Orange (1684)
• Don José Tomás de Alcocer (1690)
• Don José de Alcocer (1707)
• Doña María de Cisneros (1737)
• Don Julián de Obregón (1779)
• Don Miguel Orozco, last owner (1850)

Since through its administrator and representative, Antonio del Moral, it is sold in installments for $9,000, converting it into the Congregation of Cuitzeo de los Naranjos.

Once converted into a congregation, the neighbors begin to file paperwork with Congress and the Executive branch of the state to be recognized as a town; finally achieving that the State Constitutional Congress issued decree No. 251, dated May 4, 1852, where they declared Cuitzeo de Abasolo a town; and it is May 6 of the same year, in which the governor of the state, Octaviano Muños Ledo, gave it the respective publication, beginning, with this date, the life of this place as a town.

As the years passed, the residents of Cuitzeo de Abasolo felt restless again, so in the year 1869 they asked both Congress and the governor of the state to grant them permission to become a municipality; The date being January 12, 1870, when Congress issued Decree No. 22 granting the town of Cuitzeo de Abasolo to become a political party or municipality and to do so, the adjacent lands that belonged to it were added. to the haciendas of: San Isidro, Peralta, La Esperanza, La Joya, Huitzatarito and the part of the Hacienda of Corralejo, which, being separated by the current of the Turbio River (to the east) was annexed to the new municipality, as well as the fraction that It reached the Lerma River; assigning a total of 53,490 hectares to the municipality of Abasolo.

History

The history of this place as an inhabited geographical point begins to be detected with the successive presence of Tarascans and Chichimecas, this point being the border between both peoples. Once the Chichimeca war began by the conqueror Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, starting in 1532 construction of the Cuitzeo ranch would begin; which in 1598 became the mission of San José de Ojo Caliente, later it was known as the Cuitzeo de los Naranjos hacienda.

In the year 1753, the birth of who would be the father of the country, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, took place in the large house of the Corralejo hacienda belonging to the Pénjamo district, today still in the jurisdiction of the municipality of Pénjamo (place in which stands a monumental sculpture to the hero where every May 8 the federal, state of Guanajuato, and municipal authorities of Pénjamo pay tribute to the generalissimo), which at that time included the Ranchos of San Diego and San Vicente, being baptized in the chapel of Cuitzeo de los Naranjos, today Abasolo, on May 16, 1753, with the name of Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio.

The state congress recognized it as a town through decree No. 251, dated May 4, 1852, declaring Cuitzeo de Abasolo a town, thus beginning the life of this place as a town; It was not until 1869 that the state congress, by decree No. 22 dated January 12, 1870, granted the town of Cuitzeo de Abasolo to become a municipality.

The current name of this municipality of Abasolo, was given in honor of the distinguished hero of Independence José Mariano Abasolo (who was born in Dolores Hidalgo), being as of November 12, 1963 when the state congress decreed the last change of name of this place.

Government and politics

Abasolo is one of the 46 free municipalities belonging to the state of Guanajuato, whose Political Constitution establishes that:

"ARTICLE 106. The Free Municipality, the basis of the territorial division of the State and its political and administrative organization, is a public institution, constituted by a community of persons, established in a territory delimited, with legal personality and own heritage, autonomous in its Interior Government and free in the administration of its Treasury."

"ARTICLE 107. The municipalities will be governed by a City Council. The competence of the City Councils shall be exercised exclusively and there shall be no intermediate authority between the City Councils and the Government of the State."

Geography

The municipality of Abasolo is one of the 46 municipalities of the state of Guanajuato and is geographically located in the south-west of the state territory, in the region called El Bajío; located under the following geographic coordinates.

Abasolo

This: 101°22'00"W

West: 101°38'06"W

South: 20°18'48"N

North: 20°44'42"N

This municipality is located in the region known as El Bajío. Its height with respect to sea level is 1760 meters. The territorial area of Abasolo is 59,704 hectares of land, which represents 1.9% of the state's surface. The municipality of Abasolo borders to the north with the municipality of Romita; to the south with the municipality of Huanímaro, stretching a narrow strip of land to the south-west that, reaching the Lerma River, will border the state of Michoacán, to the east with the municipality of Irapuato and the municipality of Pueblo Nuevo y Valle from Santiago, to finally, to the west, border the municipality of Pénjamo and the municipality of Cuerámaro.

Economic activities

In Abasolo there is a large concentration of spas and hotels since its La Caldera spa is very famous nationwide thanks to its size and its thermal waters. Abasolo also has other hot springs that have been used to create spas. There are also other types of spas, most of them with hot springs in a natural setting that offer their services to all families to provide them with spaces for family recreation. Today Abasolo is also one of the largest producers of partition or brick, an activity that allows more than half of the families in this urban area, as well as the towns near it, to sustain themselves. It is also a producer of sheep, pigs and goats, as well as milk and grains.

Tourism

Peralta archaeological zone

The archaeological site of Peralta was named one of the 50 Wonders of Guanajuato in 2017 by Emmanuel Pérez Balderas from Dolores, and is also part of a regional culture that lived on the slopes and plains of the shoal between the years 200 and 700 AD. She was a Christian. It is located east of the municipality of Abasolo in the southwest region of the state of Guanajuato. Its location in the middle of the alluvial plain of the Lerma River and one kilometer away from the bed of this historic river that assured the pre-Hispanic population a large amount of resources for their subsistence. Let's imagine the shoal as a region constantly flooded by the rains and the floods of the Lerma and the rivers that flow into it, such as the Laja, the Guanajuato, the Turbio and the Angulo.

The monumental architecture of Peralta constitutes one of the greatest constructive expressions of the population that lived in the shoal 1,500 years ago. These human groups practiced rainfed agriculture on terraces, most likely on the slopes of the hills, taking advantage of the rising Lerma River for moisture crops in some parts of the plain.

Spas

Abasolo also has thermal water springs that have been used to create spas. It has excellent spas, most of them with thermal waters in a natural setting that offers its services to all families to provide them with spaces for family recreation.

The Caldera: It offers facilities including a water park, wave pool, tennis court, parking, ballroom, hotel, spa, restaurant and hot springs. This spa is located on the Abasolo-La Piedad highway, at kilometer 27.

The Pines: Located on the Abasolo-Pénjamo highway, km 22, it has three swimming pools, courts, parking, wooded spaces, grills and its waters are temperate.

The Arches: Located on the Abasolo-Pastor Ortiz highway, it has hot springs, a tennis and soccer court, two swimming pools, a wooded area, a jacuzzi, gazebos and grills.