Marilia

Marília is a Brazilian municipality in the state of São Paulo. Located by road 443 kilometers from the state capital, 529 km by railway and 376 km in a straight line. It is located at an altitude of 675 meters. Its population according to the IBGE in 2009 was 225,938 inhabitants, making it the 13th largest city in the state of São Paulo, by number of inhabitants.

History

In 1923, Antônio Pereira da Silva and his son José Pereira da Silva, were the pioneers of the region, the land opened next to the Peixe and Feio rivers whose name was given as Alto Cafezal. A representative of the time, Mr. Bento de Abreu, originally from São Carlos and Araraquara, in 1926, took over the plot of his property.

Cel. José Brás (José Nogueira da Silva), the origin of the Itapetininga family, in 1927, makes his "entrance" in Marilia. The Nogueiras had around 40% of the agricultural land in the so-called Hacienda Bomfim. Their portions of land were awarded and thus began the process of civilization of Marília.

The Companhia Paulista de Ferrocarril had advanced its lines from São Paulo to reach Lácio, and in accordance with the regime of this company, the roads that were being opened were named in alphabetical order, and the next train station had to have its name starting with the letter "M". Several names were proposed, including "Marathon", "Mogúncio" and 'Macao', but Bento de Abreu was not satisfied with any of them. On one of his trips to Europe by boat he had read the book by Tomás Antonio Gonzaga & # 34; Marília de Dirceu & # 34; and took the name Marília.

The city of Marília, whose name was created by the State Law No. 2161, on December 22, 1926, including as a district Cafelândia (Sao Paulo). In 1928 it was elevated to the category of municipality, by State Law No. 2320 of December 24, 1928. Its official installation took place on April 4, 1929, the date on which its anniversary is celebrated.

At first, Marília's economy was based on coffee cultivation. Over time it was replaced by cotton. Thanks to cotton, in 1934 and 1935 the first two industries were established in the city (two oil mills). With the expansion of the industrialization of São Paulo, the railway network and rhodium were increased, with which Marília was linked to different regions of the state of São Paulo and northern Paraná.

In the 1940s the city was established as a development pole in the west of the State of São Paulo, when there was a growing increase in the urban population. In the 70s, an industrial cycle opened in the city with the installation of new industries, largely the food industry and metallurgy. With the subsequent installation of courses from several universities, Marília was able to attract more people to the region who contributed to the development of commerce in the city. Currently Marília has about 50 food industries in the area known as the "National Food Capital".

Geography

Climate

The city's climate is subtropical, with the following characteristics: Average annual temperature: 20 °C Warmest month: January with an average of 25.7 °C Coldest month: June with an average of 14.2 °C Absolute maximum: 39.4 °C Absolute minimum: -3.6 °C

Demography

Census Data - 2000

Urban: 189,719
Rural: 7623
Men: 96,502
Women: 100,840
Population density (inhabitants/km²): 186.42 (2007)

Infant mortality at 1 year (per thousand): 15.57 Life expectancy (years): 74.37 Fertility rate (children per woman): 2.21 Literacy rate: 95.35% Human Development Index (HDI): 0.821 HDI-M Income: 0.885 HDI-M Longevity: 0.822 Expansion of the Education Initiative: 0.962

Hydrography

• Rio do Peixe (São Paulo)
• Río Aguapeí

Economy

In the economy it has highlighted industry and agriculture. Marília has an industrial park, highlighting the food and metallurgical industries. There are multinational industries such as Coca-Cola and Nestlé and industries born in Marília such as Dori (candy) and Sasasaki (doors and windows).

In the agricultural sector, coffee, peanuts, rubber, watermelon, coconut, cassava and corn stand out. In addition, in Marília there is also livestock, such as pigs, beef and poultry.

Culture

Marília has many Portuguese, Italian, Spanish and Japanese descendants. Due to Portuguese colonization, as well as throughout Brazil, the language of Marília is Portuguese. Immigrants from Spain, Italy and Japan came over time and adapted. Marília has a high concentration of Japanese descendants who founded the Nicckey Club to preserve their traditions in the city and every April they have a party called Japan Fest.

The city has a public forest of 17.39 hectares, the Pietraroia Rangel.

Education

The city has the Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), the Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho State University (UNESP), the Faculty of Technology (FATEC), the University of Marília (UNIMAR), Fundação de Ensino Eurípedes Soares da Rocha (UNIVEM) and the Faculdade João Paulo II (FAJOPA).

Sports

• Marília Atlético Clube is the city's football club.

Olympic Games

• The first medal in an Olympic game in Brazil was won by a citizen of Marília, it was at the Helsinki Olympic Games 1952