March of the volunteers

March of the Volunteers (in traditional Chinese, 義勇軍進行曲; Chinese Simplified, 义勇军进行曲; pinyin, Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ; Wade-Giles, I⁴-yung³-chün¹ Chin⁴-hsing²- chʻü³, pronounced /î.jʊ̀ŋ.tɕʏ́n tɕîn.ɕǐŋ.tɕʰʏ̀/) is the national anthem of the People's Republic of China (in traditional Chinese, 中華人民共和國國歌; Chinese Simplified, 中华人民共和国国歌; pinyin, Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guógē; Wade- Giles, Chung¹-hua² Jên²-min² Kung⁴-ho²-kuo² Kuo²-k o¹), written by the composer and poet Tian Han and with its music composed by Nie Er. The rhythm type of this composition is a march. It was played for the first time in 1934 in Shanghai, proclaiming both its lyrics and music as the national anthem. In 2004 the Volunteer March was added to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China in its article 136.

Origins as a national anthem

The March of the Volunteers was written by Tian Han during 1934 in the Republic of China. Folk stories suggest that it was written on tobacco paper before he was arrested in Shanghai and imprisoned by the Kuomintang in the year of 1935. The song, with minor alterations, resurfaced as a patriotic theme in the 1935 film Sons and Daughters in Stormy Time, a story about an intellectual living through the horrors of the Sino-Chinese war. Japanese. It was one of the songs that were secretly promoted by the population during the Anti-Japanese Resistance. The relaunch of the song was given on the EMI album Hong Kong in the same year of 1935.

It was used as the national anthem for the first time at the International conference in Prague, formerly Czechoslovakia in February 1949. At the same time that Beijing was being taken over by Communist Chinese forces during the Chinese Civil War.

In June the committee formed by the Communist Party of China decided to make it the official national anthem promptly, once it was under control. By the end of August, the committee had received about 6,926 "volunteer march" samples, which were suggested by painter Xu Beihong and enthusiastically supported by council members. It was finally endorsed by Mao Zedong on September 27, 1949.

Cultural Revolution and recent history

The March of the Volunteers was restored by the Popular National Congress in 1978, but with different letters; In addition, these letters were not well received at all since they caused a lot of confusion among the citizens. During the 1981 Volleyball World Cup in China both lyrics were sung simultaneously by the fans. On December 4, 1982, the National People's Congress resolved and returned to the original 1935 version as the Official Anthem. Significantly those letters did not mention anything about the Communist Party of China or Mao Zedong either.

The National People's Congress promulgated the song as official in 2004 in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. The anthem is mentioned before the flag.

Letters

Official and original lyrics

Altered letters (1978–82, never approved in the constitution)