March 1st

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March 1 is the 60th (sixtieth) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and the 61st in leap years. There are 305 days left to end the year. In the Roman calendar (until 153 BC) this was the first day of the year.

Events

752 B.C.: Rhomulus, the legendary first king of Rome, celebrates the first Roman triumph after defeating the Chenines, who had come to recover their women after the rapture of the Sabines.
509 B.C.: In Rome, victory is celebrated in the battle of the Arsia Forest between the Republican forces and the remnants of the monarchy.
86 B.C.: Site of Athens. The Roman general Sila defeats the tyrant Aristion.
138 d.C.: Gansu Province, China, 35°48′N 103°30′E / 35.8, 103.5) a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurs on the Richter seismic scale (intensity of IX on the Mercalli scale). The number of victims is unknown.
293: Tetrarchy begins in the Roman Empire with the proclamation of Consequential I and Galery as Caesars.
317: On the Ardiensis Campus (now the province of Haskovo, Bulgaria) the Roman Emperor of the West Constantine I (272-337) beats the Roman emperor of the Licinian East (250-325) and orders him to execute his Roman co-emperererator Valente.
350: In Rome, Constantine – sister of Consequent II – asks the military Vetranio to proclaim himself emperor of Rome.
710: Rodrigo, Visigoth king, is anointed monarch in Spain after the death of Witiza.
834: Ludovico Pio recovers the throne of the Franco Kingdom and defeats the usurper Ebbo.
1476: Fernando II beats in Toro the supporters of the actual appointment of Juana la Beltraneja.
1493: the carabela La Pinta takes a toll in the port of Bayona (Province of Pontevedra) (Spain) back from America. The first of the success of the expedition of Christopher Columbus was given.
1565: In current Brazil, Escio de Sá founded the village of Rio de Janeiro.
1711: in England the first number of The Spectator, first daily journalistic publication of that country.
1712: The National Library is open to the public in Madrid (Spain).
1756: The regular mail service is established in Cuba.
1783: In Philadelphia (Calabria) at 1:40 the fourth earthquake (out of a series of five, in 50 days) with an estimated magnitude of 5.9 in the Richter scale. The next and last earthquake will be March 28. In total, the five earthquakes will leave a balance of some 50 000 victims.
1799: The Russian and Turkish combined squad takes Corfu and some islands more from the Ionian Sea to the French.
1802: The School of Medicine is opened in Buenos Aires.
1806: Maximilian Joseph I, king of Bavaria, institutes the order of Maximilian Joseph.
1808: Napoleon Bonaparte creates the so-called "imperial nobility" formed by Army generals.
1815: In Spain the first system of procedures is established, which unites Reus and Barcelona in 11 and a half hours.
1815: Napoleon returns to France from his exile in Elba Island. The period known as the One hundred days.
1828: the Guatemalan army defeats the Salvadoran in the battle of Chalchuapa.
1854: The Ayutla Plan is drafted in Mexico, which criticizes the conservatism of President Antonio López de Santa Anna and calls for the creation of a Constituent Congress that redefines national life. This statement will lead to a pronouncement and the establishment of an interim Government.
1866: During the Second French intervention in Mexico, Mexican troops led by General Andrés S. Viesca defeat the imperialist troops in the Battle of Santa Isabel, near Parras, Coahuila.
1867: the state of Nebraska becomes part of the United States.
1870: In Paraguay, with the assassination of Paraguayan President Francisco Solano López, the War of the Triple Alliance formed by Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay is ending.
1871: In France, Napoleon III is deposed as emperor.
1872: Yellowstone National Park becomes the first national park in the world.
1879: the first steam tram between Barcelona and San Andrés de Palomar enters into operation in Spain.
1879: Bolivia declares war on Chile, the Pacific War begins.
1886: The Gimnàstic Club is founded at the Café del Centre de Tarragona (Spain).
1893: The National Institute of Meteorology produces the first Spanish "time map" and the corresponding daily weather bulletins.
1896: French physicist Henri Becquerel, discovers a new property of matter: radioactivity.
1896: the Ethiopian troops of Menelik II crush the Italian colonial army in the battle of Adua, which marked the end of Italian imperialism in Africa.
1900: a British squad is equipped with wireless telegraph.
1900: in Barcelona (Spain) theatrical work is premiered The courtyardof the Brothers Álvarez Quintero.
1901: In Germany, the first partial stretch of Elberfeld's elevated railroad (now Wuppertal) came into service.
1903: in Murcia, Spain, for the first time the newspaper The Truth.
1910: at the National Institute of Provident (Madrid) the insurance project for workers is presented.
1912: Albert Berry jumps from an airplane to test the first parachute.
1914: The Republic of China enters the Universal Postal Union.
1915: A battalion of women is formed in England to fight in the First World War.
1917: the Gregorian calendar is introduced in the Ottoman Empire.
1919: Koreans manifest themselves (Movement 1st of March) in favor of national independence; as a measure of decay, the Japanese invaders kill 7000 people and stop another 200 000.
1919: In Italy the first groups of the fascists are founded.
1920: the Japanese Parliament is dissolved.
1923: the Franco-Belgian occupation authorities threaten the death penalty to those who know the means of transport in the Ruhr Basin.
1924: discovery of Glozel's tablets.
1924: In China, the Communists are admitted to the Kuomintang.
1925: The Spanish Directory agrees to create the Abbestos Directorate.
1932: In the United States, the 20-month-old son of aviator Charles Lindbergh is kidnapped. A German carpenter named Bruno Hauptmann will be sentenced to death, but later his innocence will be discovered.
1933: in Barcelona (Spain) the houses of Casa Bloc are opened.
1934: In Manchuria is crowned the emperor of Manchukuo, Puyi, who until now was the president.
1935: On behalf of the League of Nations, the Baron of Aloisi officially transfers the territory of Sarre to Germany.
1935: attempted coup in Greece under the leadership of former President of the Council, Eleftherios Venizelos.
1935: the annexation of the Sarre to Germany is made official.
1936: Lluís Companys returns to Barcelona to take over the Government of Catalonia.
1937: in Salamanca, Spain, the ambassadors of Italy and Germany present their credentials to Francisco Franco.
1937: warm reception in Moscow to Rafael Alberti and María Teresa León.
1939: by resignation of Manuel Azaña, Diego Martínez Barrio passes under the constitutional precept to preside over the Second Spanish Republic.
1940: Former Catalan President Lluís Companys organizes in France the National Council of Catalonia.
1940: opening at the Palace of Chaillot (Paris) of the Independent Hall.
1940: official opening of the Madrid Stock Exchange.
1940: in Spain, Franco's dictatorship dictates a law for the repression of masonry, communism and other movements "that sow ideas against religion, the homeland and social harmony".
1941: Bulgaria adheres to the Tripartite Covenant.
1943: General Alfredo Baldomir handed over the presidency of the Republic of Uruguay to Juan José de Amézaga, and the new Constitution entered into force, approved in plebiscite on 29 November 1942.
1943: the British Royal Air Force systematically bombed the European railway lines.
1943: The Union of Polish Patriots was founded in Moscow.
1946: the monarchy triumphs by a vast majority in the plebiscite held in Greece. George II announces his return to Athens.
1947: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) begins its operations.
1947: the city of Trinidad (Bolivia) disappears under the waters, by the overflow of the Mamoré River.
1947: Tomás Berreta assumes the presidency of Uruguay.
1948: The last British invading troops are withdrawn in India.
1948: in Vietnam, the Saigon-Dalat convoy is attacked by the Vietminh with the result of 150 deaths.
1948: United States Announces Parliamentary Elections in South Korea.
1950: Chilean President González Videla forms a new government, with representatives of radical, conservative, phalangist and Democrat parties.
1950: President Juho Kusti Paasikivi began his second term in Finland.
1950: In the framework of the Cold War, Klaus Fuchs is condemned for spying on the Soviet Union and telling them secret data about the atomic bomb.
1953: starts the 3-day Air Round to Spain and a 2140 km tour.
1953: Soviet Premier Iosif Stalin suffers a stroke; he will die four days later.
1954: at the Bikini atoll (Marshall Islands, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean), at 6:45 in the morning (local time) (18:45 on 28 February, according to the world time), the United States detonates the 15-megaton Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb. The radioactive rain pollutes the Japanese fishing crew Lucky Dragon Five (of whom one of them will die six months later) and the American soldiers themselves. In comparison, the Soviet Zar Bomb (of 1961, the most powerful in human history) was 50 megatons, and the Little Boy (launched in 1945 on the civilian population of Hiroshima) was 0.016 megatons.
1954: In Sudan, after the opening session of the first Parliament, there are disorders between autonomists and supporters of annexation to Egypt, which cause 100 deaths.
1954: In Sudan (invaded by the United Kingdom) the British governor proclaims the state of emergency for the events in that country.
1954: In the United States, four Puerto Rican nationalists shoot five members of the House of Representatives.
1955: On the Nevada Test Site, the United States detonates its 7 kiloton Tesla atomic bomb. It is the 54th bomb of 1132 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
1958: in Greece he resigns the cabinet of Konstantinos Karamanlis.
1958: In Cuba, the dictator Batista rejects an appeal from Catholic bishops to establish a Government of national union.
1958: in Uruguay, Carlos Fischer takes over the presidency of the National Council.
1958: in the Gulf of İzmit – about 100 km east of Istanbul (Turkey) the Turkish passenger ship Üsküdar sinks. At least 300 people die.
1959: Archbishop Makarios, a fighter for the independence of Cyprus, returns to the country after three years of exile.
1961: In Guatemala, the Guatemalan Labour Party denounces that the Government of John F. Kennedy (United States) trains mercenaries in the town of Retalhuleu to attack Cuba.
1962: In western France a network of the terrorist band OAS (Secret Army Organization) is dismantled.
1966: the soviet probe Venera 3 impacts on Venus, being the first ship to impact on the surface of another planet.
1966: The Soviet Union launches the lunar probe Cosmos 111, which will fail in its goal of a smooth alunizaje.
1967: Ecuador founded the television channel Ecuavisa, second television channel in that country.
1967: Óscar Diego Gestido assumes the presidency of the Republic.
1970: In Austria, the Socialist Party achieves a broad victory in the legislative elections.
1971: In the Capitol of the City of Washington (United States), the left-wing group Weatherman (“the meteorologist”) explodes a bomb in a public bathroom, “in protest at the U.S. invasion in Laos.”
1972: the Constitution of the International Civil Protection Organization (O.I.P.C.) enters into force as an intergovernmental organization commemorating annually as the International Day of Civil Protection.
1972: in Madrid, Spain, the Third International Festival of Theatre is inaugurated.
1972: in Uruguay, Juan María Bordaberry assumes the presidency of the Republic.
1973: Medical use of X-rays in the Federal Republic of Germany is regulated by law.
1973: In Nicaragua, the first edition of the newspaper La Prensa was circulated after the Managua earthquake of December 23 of the previous year with the historical headlines "In 30 seconds only Hiroshima and Managua" and "An essay of the Final Judgment", comparing the destruction of Managua with the terrorist attacks in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Japan), by the American atomic bombs in 1945.
1974: In the United States, seven of President Richard Nixon's most intimate partners are accused of participating in the Watergate scandal.
1976: In front of Norway the Deep Sea Driller oil platform sinks and six people die.
1978: in the cemetery of Vevey (Switzerland), vandals steal Charlie Chaplin's coffin.
1979: In Spain, the Union of Democratic Center (UCD) wins the first legislative elections held after the promulgation of the Constitution, with 34.3% of the votes.
1979: In Spain, the terrorist group ETA released Luis Abaitúa (director of the Michelin company).
1980: Voyager 1 space probe discovers the Jano satellite, orbiting around Saturn.
1983: the Statute of Autonomy enters into force in the Community of Madrid.
1984: In the Persian Gulf, in the framework of the Iran-Irak War, the naval and air forces of Iraq destroy seven Iranian ships.
1985: in Uruguay democracy is restored with the assumption of Julio María Sanguinetti as president.
1986: In Mexico, the Monterrey Football Club wins its first championship in Mexico's First Division.
1986: in Spain, Gerardo Fernández Albor assumes as president of the Board of Galicia.
1986: Barcelona officially presents its Olympic nomination.
1987: a UN expert meeting confirms in New York that a hole in the ozone layer is opening above Antarctica.
1988: In North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) an experiment with methadone begins, which is provided free of charge to heroin.
1990: In the United States, the U.S. Secret Service records the electronic gaming company Steve Jackson Games (because one of its employees was an active hacker) putting it on the verge of bankruptcy. This will generate the creation of the non-profit organization Fundación Fronteras Electrónicas, which fights for the rights of freedom of expression in the digital era.
1990: in Uruguay, Luis Alberto Lacalle assumes the presidency.
1990: In Spain the Ramon Llull University, the first private university in Catalonia, was created.
1990: In Antarctica, the Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base is expanded with four more modules.
1991: The Spanish Constitutional Court requires the Catalan language for officials of the Generality of Catalonia.
1991: the king of Thailand, Bhumibol Adulyadej, approves the constitutional reform, first step towards the replacement of martial power established in the country after the recent coup d'etat.
1991: In the hollow basins of the Soviet Union, 28,000 miners strike for higher salaries.
1992: In Bosnia-Herzegovina, about 64 per cent of the population is in a referendum in favour of independence from Yugoslavia.
1992: in the Republic of Montenegro, 60 per cent of citizens vote in referendum for the formation with Serbia of a new Yugoslavia.
1994: in Munich, Germany, the band of grunge Nirvana performs its last recital.
1994: Europe of the Fifteen is born. Sweden, Austria and Finland become new partners in the European Union.
1994: A new Criminal Code, which replaces the Napoleonic Code of 1810, enters into force in France.
1995: the United Nations put an end to its failed two-year peace mission in Somalia.
1995: in Uruguay, Julio María Sanguinetti assumes the presidency for the second time.
1998: In Cartagena, Colombia, 500 representatives of governmental and international entities are gathered to deal with children ' s rights to discuss family violence, war, work and sexual exploitation suffered by millions of children in Latin America.
1998: Social-Democrat Gerhard Schröder wins in the Lower Saxony regional elections and is the highest rival of Helmut Kohl in the fight for federal Chancellery for the 27 September elections.
1998: In Colombia, a mobile brigade of 120 soldiers is ambushed by the FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), where 10 soldiers are officially lost.
1998: the film Titanic becomes the first to reach a profit of $1 billion.
1999: the Ottawa Treaty on the Prohibition of Landmines enters into force after being ratified by 65 countries.
1999: The New Europe political movement is created in the UK. Its members are called pro-European, but contrary, to lose the sterling pound in favor of the euro.
2000: Russia accepts the international presence to investigate the crimes in Chechnya.
2000: in Uruguay, Jorge Batlle assumes the presidency.
2000: In Finland, Tarja Halonen assumes the presidency.
2001: in Guadalajara, Mexico, Francisco Javier Ramírez Acuña assumes the post of governor of the state of Jalisco.
2001: In Afghanistan, the Taliban regime destroys the Buddhas of Bāmiyān sculpted in the mountains during the third and fourth centuries.
2002: in Spain the coexistence between the euro and the peseta ends, remaining the first as the only legal currency.
2002: The Belgian Government, formed by liberals, socialists and greens, approves a bill that provides for the phased closure of all its nuclear power plants.
2002: launch of the European Earth Observation Satellite Envisat.
2003: Iraq meets the demands of the UN and begins to destroy its missiles Al Samud 2.
2003: Pakistani police and the FBI capture Jalid Sheikh Mohamed in Rawalpindi, a trusted man of Osama Bin Laden considered one of the 'brains' of the 11-S attacks.
2004: The Iraqi Interim Government Council agrees a "Law for the Administration of the Iraqi State during the Transitory Period."
2004: Spanish scientists demonstrate that the oxidation that causes ecstasy (MDMA) in the neuronal membrane molecules is the cause of brain damage that originates in addicts.
2004: a team of French and Swiss astronomers locates, with the European VTL telescopes, the most distant galaxy known: the Abell 1835 IR1916, which is 13 230 million light years old.
2004: the magazine National Geographic published the end of the works of the first unified map of the seismic dangers of Europe and the Mediterranean.
2004: The United States National Science Foundation reports on the discovery of fossilized remains of two unknown species so far from dinosaurs, one carnivore and another herbivore, in Antarctica.
2004: in Madrid the lowest temperature is recorded in a day of March of the last 105 years: -5 °C, in El Retiro.
2004: a FAO report concludes that starvation threatens the lives of more than 800 million people in 36 countries, 23 of them African.
2004: The first test was published that changes in brain insulin are related to Alzheimer's disease.
2005: In Uruguay, Tabaré Vázquez assumes the presidency of the Republic for the first time, being the first leftist government in the country's history.
2006: Wikipedia edits its article number one million.
2007: The Spanish Ministry of the Interior decides to apply the prison attenuated to the prisoner etarra Iñaki de Juana Chaos in response to his serious state of health, after 114 days of hunger strike.
2007: In Guadalajara, Mexico Emilio González Márquez takes protest as governor of the state of Jalisco
2008: Colombia's diplomatic crisis with Ecuador and Venezuela is unleashed after the death of alias Raúl Reyes, a member of the Colombian guerrilla secretary of the FARC.
2010: in Uruguay, José Mujica assumes the presidency.
2011: The first division of Costa Rica expelled the Liberia Municipal Club for economic instability.
2012: in Finland, Sauli Niinistö assumes the presidency.
2013: In Guadalajara, Mexico Aristóteles Sandoval assumes the post of governor of the state of Jalisco
2014: at the train station in the city of Kunming—capital of the province of Yunnan, China—a group of eight Muslim men from the Uyghur ethnic group hang dozens of people, killing 29 (Treaty in Kunming, 2014).
2015: In Uruguay, Tabaré Vázquez assumes the presidency of the Republic for the second time.
2017: in Colombia, the FARC guerrillas (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) initiated before the UN (United Nations Organization) the process of leaving their weapons, as a result of the Peace Agreement signed between the Colombian State and that guerrilla group.
2019: in Uruguay, Julio María Sanguinetti announces that he will be entitled to the presidency of the Republic by the Colorado Party.
2020: In Uruguay, Luis Lacalle Pou assumes the presidency of the Republic ending 15 years of left-wing government.

Births

Martial Valerian Framework.

40: Marco Valerio Marcial, a Spanish-Roman poet, born in Calatayud (f. 102).
757: Hisham I, second independent emir of Al-Andalus (f. 796).
1105: Alfonso VII de León, king of Leon and Imperator totius Hispaniae (f. 1157).
1389: Antonin of Florence, Archbishop and Holy Italian (f. 1459).
1432: Isabella of Coimbra, Portuguese queen (f. 1455).
1444: Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (f. 1510).
1456: Vladislaus II, King of Bohemia and Hungary (f. 1516).
1547: Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (f. 1628).
1585: Jean de Saint-Bonnet, French marshal (f. 1636).
1597: Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician (f. 1652).

Carolina from Brandenburg-Ansbach.

1683: Carolina of Brandenburg-Ansbach, queen consort british (f. 1737).
1760: François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (f. 1794).
1768: Peter Coudrin, French priest (f. 1837).
1769: François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (f. 1796).
1781: Javiera Carrera, a leading patriot during the independence of Chile and daughter of Ignacio de la Carrera (f. 1862).
1791: Manuel Carpio, Mexican poet, doctor, teacher and politician (f. 1860).
1792: Rudecindo Alvarado, Argentine military (f. 1872).
1798: Mary Clementine of Austria, Austrian aristocrat (f. 1881).
1804: Franz Hanfstaengl, German painter (f. 1877).
1807: Wilford Woodruff, American leader Mormon (f. 1898).

Frédéric Chopin.

1810: Frédéric Chopin, Polish composer and pianist (f. 1849).
1812: Augustus Pugin, British architect (f. 1852).
1835: Rosendo García-Ramos and Bretillard, a Spanish scientist and archaeologist (f. 1913).
1837: William Dean Howells, writer, playwright and American critic (f. 1920).
1842: Nikolaos Gyzis, Greek painter (f. 1901).
1842: Fermín Salvochea, Spanish anarchist (f. 1907).
1848: Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Irish sculptor (f. 1907).
1852: Théophile Delcassé, a French man of State (f. 1923).
1858: Georg Simmel, philosopher, sociologist and German essayist (f. 1918).
1859: Charles Lummis, American writer and explorer (f. 1928).
1863: Alexandre Golovin, Russian painter (f. 1930).
1863: Fiódor Sologub, Russian poet and novelist (f. 1927).
1867: Angel Ayala, Spanish priest (f. 1960).
1868: Sofia Chotek, German aristocrat (f. 1914).
1868: Achille Paroche, French shooter (f. 1933).
1876: Henri de Baillet-Latour, aristocrat and Belgian sports leader (f. 1942).
1879: Robert Daniel Carmichael, American mathematician (f. 1967).
1880: Giles Lytton Strachey British writer (f. 1932).
1883: Fumio Asakura, Japanese sculptor (f. 1964).
1886: Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian artist (f. 1980).
1890: Benito Quinquela Martín, Argentine painter (f. 1977).
1892: Ryunosuke Akutagawa, a Japanese writer (f. 1927).
1893: Mercedes de Acosta, American poetess and screenwriter (f. 1968).
1896: Dimitri Mitropulos, Greek composer (f. 1960).
1896: Moriz Seeler, playwright and German producer (f. 1942).
1898: Ramón Gómez Cornet, Argentine painter (f. 1964).
1899: Alfredo Mario Ferreiro, Uruguayan writer (f. 1959).
1899: Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, Nazi officer (f. 1972).
1899: Anxelu, Spanish poet and monologuist (f. 1987).
1902: Carlos de Haya González, Spanish aviator (f. 1938).

Glenn Miller.

1904: Glenn Miller, American composer and trombonist, Glenn Miller Orchestra (f. 1944).
1906: Pham Van Dong, Vietnamese politician and military, 2nd Prime Minister (f. 2000).
1909: Eugene Esmonde, British pilot and military (f. 1942).
1909: Rosa Graña Garland, Peruvian designer (f. 2003).
1910: Mapy Cortés, Puerto Rican actress and dancer (f. 1998).
1910: John of God Guevara, Peruvian chemical (f. 2000).

David Niven.

1910: David Niven, British actor (f. 1983).
1910: Archer John Porter Martin, British chemist and academic, nobel chemistry award in 1952 (f. 2002).
1911: Rina Ketty, Franco-Italian singer (f. 1996).
1914: Ralph Ellison, American writer and critic (f. 1994).
1914: Carlos Moyano Llerena, Argentine lawyer and economist (f. 2005).
1915: Zulfiya Isroilova, Uzbek writer (f.1996)
1916: Bernardo Gandulla, Argentine footballer (f. 1999).
1917: Robert Lowell, American poet and academic (f. 1977).
1918: Roger Delgado, British actor (f. 1973).
1918: João Goulart, a Brazilian politician and lawyer, president of his country (f. 1976).
1920: Howard Nemerov, American poet (f. 1991).
1921: Jack Clayton, British actor and filmmaker (f. 1995).
1921: Terence Cardinal Cooke, American Catholic Archbishop (f. 1983).
1921: Richard Wilbur, American poet, translator and academic (f. 2017).

Isaac Rabin.

1922: Isaac Rabin, a military, political and Israeli prime minister (1974-1977 and 1992-1995), a Nobel Peace Prize in 1994 (f. 1995).
1922: Néstor Luján, journalist and Spanish gastronomy (f. 1995).
1922: Fred Scolari, American basketball player (f. 2002).
1924: Deke Slayton, American astronaut (f. 1993).
1925: Martin Chirino, Spanish sculptor (f. 2019).
1926: Allan Stanley, Canadian player and trainer on ice (f. 2013).
1927: Vinicio Adames, a Venezuelan musician (f. 1976).

Harry Belafonte.

1927: Harry Belafonte, American singer, composer and actor.
1927: Robert Bork, American judge and professor (f. 2012).
1927: Héctor Gance, an Argentine actor (f. 2015).
1927: Salvador Pániker, Spanish thinker and writer (f. 2017).
1928: Jacques Rivette, French filmmaker (f. 2016).
1929: Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (f. 1978).
1929: José Ángel Sánchez Asiaín, Spanish banker (f. 2016).
1930: Ricardo González, Argentine boxer.
1930: Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (f. 1980).
1931: Juan Iglesias Marcelo, Spanish politician.
1934: Joan Hackett, American actress (f. 1983).
1935: Robert Conrad, American actor (f. 2020).
1936: Jean-Edern Hallier, French writer (f. 1997).
1939: Leo Brouwer, musician, guitarist, orchestra director and Cuban composer.
1941: Robert Hass, American poet and academic.
1942: Jerry Fisher, American singer, of the Blood band, Sweat & Tears.
1943: Felipe Alcaraz, Spanish politician.
1943: Gil Amelio, American businessman.
1943: Ana María Giunta, an Argentine actress (f. 2015).
1943: José Ángel Iribar, Spanish footballer.
1943: Akinori Nakayama, Japanese gymnast and coach
1943: Rashid Sunyaev, Russian physicist and astronomer.

Roger Daltrey.

1944: Roger Daltrey, British singer, The Who.
1945: Dirk Benedict, American actor.
1945: Uriarte, Spanish footballer (f. 2016).
1946: Gerry Boulet, author, interpreter and Canadian composer (f. 1990).
1946: Wilver Calle Girón, Peruvian military.
1947: Alan Thicke, Canadian actor and litrist (f. 2016).
1948: Burning Spear, musician and Jamaican singer.
1949: Angel Gabilondo Pujol, Spanish philosopher and politician.
1949: Carlos Soria, Argentine politician (f. 2012).
1950: Phil Alden Robinson, American filmmaker
1951: Serguéi Kurdakov, Soviet agent of KGB (f. 1973).
1951: Debra Fischer, American astronomer.
1952: Martin O'Neill, British coach.
1952: Norberto Díaz, Argentine actor (f. 2010).
1952: Brian Winters, basketball player and American coach.
1953: José Higueras, Spanish tennis player.
1953: Carlos Queiroz, footballer and Portuguese coach.
1954: Catherine Bach, American actress.
1954: Carles Benavent, Spanish musician.
1954: Lorraine Hunt Lieberson, American Mezzosoprano (f. 2006).

Ron Howard.

1954: Ron Howard, filmmaker, producer, screenwriter and American actor.
1955: Clara Sánchez, Spanish writer.
1955: Denis Mukwege, Congolese gynecologist, nobel Peace Prize in 2018.
1956: Tim Daly, American actor.
1956: Dalia Grybauskaitė, Lithuanian politics.
1958: Aníbal Ibarra, Argentine politician.
1958: Nik Kershaw, British composer and guitarist.
1958: Bertrand Piccard, Swiss psychiatrist.
1959: Nick Griffin, British politician.
1961: David Cantero, Spanish presenter.
1962: Silvina Chediek, journalist and conductor of Argentine television.
1962: Russell Coutts, New Zealander.
1963: Rob Affuso, American drummer of the Skid Row band.
1963: Shanghai Lily, dredging queen and Spanish writer.
1963: Thomas Anders, German singer, of the Modern Talking band.
1963: Antonio Castillo, Venezuelan baseball player.
1964: Paul Le Guen, footballer and French coach.
1964: Luis Medina Cantalejo, Spanish football referee.
1964: Pedro Saborido, producer and Argentine writer.
1965:
- Robert Huffman, American professional fighter.
- Chris Eigeman, American actor.
1966: Zack Snyder, director, screenwriter and American producer.
1967: George Eads, American actor.
1967: Abu Nidal, Palestinian terrorist (f. 2002).
1967: Aron Winter, Dutch footballer.

Javier Bardem.

1969: Javier Bardem, Spanish actor.
1969: Vienna Ruiz, actress, presenter and Colombian model.
1970: Manuel García, Chilean singer.
1970: María Fernanda Heredia, Ecuadorian writer.
1970: Serena Armstrong-Jones, British aristocrat.
1971: Thomas Adès, pianist, director of British orchestra and composer.
1971: Tyler Hamilton, American cyclist.
1971: Brad Falchuk, American writer and director.
1973: Jack Davenport, British actor.
1973: Ryan Peake, Canadian guitarist, from the Nickelback band.
1973: Carlo Resoort, Dutch DJ.
1973: Chris Webber, American basketball player.
1974: Mark-Paul Gosselaar, American actor.
1975: Tate Stevens, American singer and guitarist.
1975: Valentina Monetta, Sanmarinian singer.
1977: Esther Cañadas, Spanish model.
1978: Jensen Ackles, American actor.
1978: Donovan Patton, American actor.
1979: Éowyn, American singer.
1979: Mikkel Kessler, Danish boxer.
1979: Bruno Langlois, Canadian cyclist,
1979: Magüi Serna, Spanish tennis player.
1980: Shahid Afridi, Pakistani cricket player.
1980: Gennaro Bracigliano, French footballer.
1980: Djimi Traoré, a Malian footballer.
1980: Kase-O, Spanish MC.
1981: Will Power, Australian motor racing pilot.
1982: Juan Manuel Ortiz, Spanish footballer.
1982: Yudhvir Singh Judev, Indian politician (f. 2021).
1983: Daniel Carvalho, Brazilian footballer.
1983: Lupita Nyong'o, Mexican-Kenian actress.
1983: Davey Richards, American fighter.
1984: Claudio Bieler, Argentine footballer.
1984: Patrick Helmes, German footballer.
1984: Naima Mora, American model.
1984: Samuel San José, Spanish footballer.
1985: Andreas Ottl, German footballer.
1986: Ayumu Goromaru, Japanese rugby player.
1986: Big E Langston, American professional fighter.
1986: Jonathan Spector, American footballer.
1987: Sammie, American singer.
1987: Kesha, American singer and composer.
1989: Emma, Australian professional fighter.
1989: Emeraude Toubia, actress, presenter, model and queen of Canadian beauty with Mexican ancestry.
1989: Daniella Monet, American actress.
1989: Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer.
1990: Harry Eden, British actor.
1993: Josh McEachran, British footballer.
1993: Won Ho, singer, litrist, composer, producer and South Korean dancer, member of the South Korean group Monsta X.
1993: Lucas Melano, Argentine footballer.
1994: Justin Bieber, Canadian singer and composer.
1994: Tyreek Hill, American football player.
1996: Ye Shiwen, Chinese swimmer.
2000: Ava Allan, American model and actress.
2001: Wander Franco, Dominican baseball player.
2006: Peter Connelly ("Baby P"), British child (f. 2007).

Deaths

589: Saint David, a Welsh religious, a pattern of that country (n. 500).

Leo VIII.

965: Leo VIII, Italian pope.
991: En'yū Tennō, Japanese emperor (n. 959).
1131: Stephen II, Hungarian king (n. 1101).
1233: Thomas I of Saboya, French aristocrat (n. 1178).
1383: Amadeo VI de Saboya, aristocrat french (n. 1334).
1510: Francisco de Almeida, soldier and Portuguese explorer (n. 1450).
1536: Bernardo Accolti, Italian poet (n. 1465).
1620: Thomas Campion, English poet and composer (n. 1567).
1633: George Herbert, English poet, speaker and priest (n. 1593).
1643: Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian composer and pianist (n. 1583).
1697: Francesco Redi, Italian physicist (n. 1626).
1768: Hermann Samuel Reimarus, a German philosopher and writer (n. 1694).
1773: Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (n. 1700).
1777: Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Austrian composer (n. 1715).
1792: Leopoldo II of Austria, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (n. 1747).
1793: Ramón Bayeu, a Spanish painter (n. 1746).
1833: Maurice Mathieu, French General (n. 1768).
1836: Miguel Barragán, Mexican military and political (n. 1789).
1841: Claude-Victor Perrin, French Marshal (n. 1764).
1862: Peter Barlow, British mathematician (n. 1776).
1863: Manuel María de Llano, doctor, politician and Mexican journalist (n. 1799).
1870: Francisco Solano López, Paraguayan president (n. 1824).
1875: Tristan Corbière, French poet (n. 1845).
1882: Theodor Kullak, pianist and German composer (n. 1818).
1884: Isaac Todhunter, British mathematician (n. 1820).
1895: Pauline Musters, Dutch dwarf (n. 1876).
1904: Augusto González de Linares, Spanish geologist (n. 1845).
1906: José María de Pereda, Spanish novelist (n. 1833).
1907: August Manns, director of German orchestra (n. 1825).
1910: José Domingo de Obaldía, politician and Panamanian president between 1908 and 1910 (n. 1845).
1911: Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff, Dutch chemist, nobel chemistry award in 1901 (n. 1852).
1912: Piotr Lébedev, Russian physicist (n. 1866).
1914: Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynmound, Canadian governor (n. 1845).
1914: Jorge Newbery, aviator, sportsman and man of Argentine science (n. 1875).
1916: Benjamin Argumedo, Mexican military (n. 1876).
1920: Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist activist (n. 1880).
1921: Nicholas I of Montenegro (n. 1841).
1922: Pichichi (Rafael Moreno Aranzadi), Spanish footballer (n. 1892).
1924: Louis Perree, a French teacher (n. 1871).
1932: Librado Rivera, a Mexican politician and journalist (n. 1864).
1936: Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian writer (n. 1871).

Gabriele D'Annunzio.

1938: Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian poet and politician (n. 1863).
1940: Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian writer (n. 1878).
1941: Lucien Merignac, a French teacher (n. 1873).
1943: Alexandre Yersin, Swiss doctor and bacteriologist (n. 1863).
1945: Michael Strank, American Marine (n. 1919).
1952: Mariano Azuela, Mexican writer (n. 1873).
1952: Gregory La Cava, American filmmaker (n. 1892).
1958: Giacomo Balla, Italian painter (n. 1871).
1958: Carlos Velo, Mexican filmmaker (n. 1909).
1966: Fritz Houtermans, German physicist (n. 1903).
1974: Bobby Timmons, American jazz pianist (n. 1935).
1976: Jean Martinon, director of French orchestra and composer (n. 1910).
1979: Mustafa Barzani, an Irish politician (n. 1903).
1980: Wilhelmina Cooper, a Dutch model (n. 1939).
1980: Dixie Dean, British footballer (n. 1907).
1983: Arthur Koestler, an Anglo-Hungarian journalist and writer (n. 1905).

Jackie Coogan.

1984: Jackie Coogan, American actor (n. 1914).
1988: Joe Besser, American actor and humorist (n. 1907).
1991: Edwin H. Land, American scientist and magnate (n. 1909).
1994: Modesto Fraile, Spanish politician (n. 1935).
1995: Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist, nobel medical prize in 1984 (n. 1946).
1995: Vladislav Listyev, Russian journalist (n. 1956).
1995: César Rodríguez, Spanish footballer (n. 1920).
2000: Begoña Palacios, Mexican actress (n. 1941).
2000: Andrés Landero, Colombian musician and composer (n. 1932).
2003: Nadine Conner, American singer and actress (n. 1907).
2005: Peter Malkin, Israeli spy (n. 1927).
2006: Harry Browne, American politician and writer (n. 1933).
2006: José Luis Castejón Garrués, Spanish politician (n. 1950).
2006: Peter Osgood, British footballer (n. 1947).
2007: Manuel Bento, Portuguese footballer.
2008: Raúl Reyes, Colombian guerrilla (n. 1948).
2009: Pepe Rubianes, actor and Spanish theatre director (n. 1947).
2010: José Luis Bollea, Argentine singer, director and composer (n. 1942).
2010: Luis Ernesto Videla, Chilean businessman (n. 1960).
2010: Vladimir Iliushin, Russian aviator (n. 1927).
2012: Quique Camoiras, Spanish actor and comic (n. 1928).
2012: Jerome Courtland, American actor, director and producer (n. 1926).
2012: Lucio Dalla, Italian singer (n. 1943).
2013: Rafael Puyana, a Colombian citizen. (n. 1931).
2013: Bonnie Franklin, American actress (n. 1944).
2013: Santos Inzaurralde, Uruguayan poet and politician (n. 1925).
2013: Ludwig Zausinger, German footballer (n. 1929).
2014: Alain Resnais, French filmmaker (n. 1922).
2014: Alejandro Zaffaroni, a chemist and Uruguayan businessman (n. 1923).
2015: Joshua Fishman, American linguist and academic (n. 1926).
2015: Minnie Miñoso, Cuban baseball player (n. 1922).
2015: Chris Welp, basketball player and German coach (n. 1964).
2019: Zhorés Alfiórov, Russian physicist, nobel physics award 2000 (n. 1930).
2019: Kevin Roche, American architect (n. 1922).
2020: Ernesto Cardenal, poet, priest and politician of Nicaragua (n. 1925).
2021: Quique San Francisco, Spanish actor and comic (n. 1955).

Celebrations

Day of Zero Discrimination
Self-awareness Day
Argentina: Ordinary SessionsSystem regular sessions in Congress (national chain)
SpainSpain: Day of the Balearic Islands
NicaraguaNicaragua: Journalist Day
ColombiaColombia: Public Accounting Day
IcelandIceland: Bjórdagura
Paraguay Paraguay: Day of the Heroes of the Homeland
Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina: Independence Day
PolandPoland: National Day of Remembrance of the "Cursed Soldiers"
United States: National Cerdo Day
Marshall IslandsMarshall Islands: Remembrance Day
United KingdomUnited Kingdom: San David Day
South KoreaSouth Korea: Samiljeol
BulgariaBulgaria/Romania Romania/MoldovaMoldova: Mărțișor
MicronesiaMicronesia: Yap Day