June 23

June 23 is the 174th (one hundred and seventy-fourth) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and the 175th in leap years. There are 191 days left to end the year.

Events

• 79: In Rome, Emperor Titus happens to his father Vespasian as emperor.
• 1158: In Spain, Sancho III de Castilla and Fernando II de León sign the Treaty of Sahagún for the peace of both kingdoms.
• 1180: In Japan the first battle of Uji of the Genpei Wars begins.
• 1280: The Disaster of Moclín occurs, in which the Castilian troops led by the master of the Order of Santiago Gonzalo Ruiz Girón fall into an ambush and are defeated by those of the Nasrid king Muhammad II of Granada.
• 1287: the battle of the counts takes place.
• 1305: In Athis-sur-Orge Flemish and French sign a peace treaty.
• 1314: In the south of Stirling, as part of the First Scottish Independence War, the battle of Bannockburn begins.
• 1532: Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France sign a secret covenant against King Charles I of Spain.
• 1563: the city of Cartago is founded, as the capital of the Province of Nueva Cartago and Costa Rica.
• 1565: on the island of Malta, Turgut Reis (Dragut), commander of the Ottoman Empire dies during the site of Malta.
• 1661: Carlos II and Catalina de Braganza are married in London.
• 1683: In the United States, William Penn signed the treaty of land with the American Indians.
• 1749: José Rafael Rodríguez Gallardo handed over the government of the province of Sonora and Sinaloa to Lieutenant Colonel Ortiz de Parrilla.
• 1757: In Plassey, India, the British army, formed by 3000 soldiers under the command of Robert Clive, defeats the Hindu army—formed by 50 000 soldiers under the command of Siraj Ud Daulah (Plassey Battle).
• 1758: In Krefeld (Germany)—in the framework of the Seven Years War—British forces defeat the French (Krefeld Battle).
• 1760: In the Battle of Landeshut—in the framework of the Seven Years War—Austria defeats Prussia.
• 1780: Battle of Springfield, within the framework of the American Revolution.
• 1794: In Kiev, Empress Catherine II of Russia guarantees the Jewish settlement.
• 1810: John Jacob Astor founded the Pacific Fur Company.
• 1812: Anglo-American War of 1812: Britain revokes the restrictions of American trade, eliminating one of the main reasons for the war.
• 1812: During the Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the Niemen River in the direction of Moscow, giving Home to the Patriotic War of 1812.
• 1858: In Bologna, Pontifical States, the police by order of the Church kidnap the Jewish child Edgardo Mortara (1851-1940) at their parents' house.
• 1869: In Venezuela, General Venancio Pulgar declares Zulia to be autonomous and independent; however, he is suffocated shortly.
• 1868: Christopher Latham Sholes receives the patent from the first typewriter.
• 1887: Canada creates Banff National Park, the oldest in the country.
• 1894: The International Olympic Committee was founded in Paris.
• 1908: In Spain, the Government approves the Law on the Suppression of Usura.
• 1914: In the city of Zacatecas, General Pancho Villa defeats the federal forces of Victoriano Huerta.
• 1919: In Wenden (Estonia)—in the framework of the Estonian Liberation War—the national army defeats the German Freikorps (Baltische Landeswehr) in the battle of Cesis (Võnnu lahing). This day is celebrated as National Liberation Day.
• 1923: In Vigo, the Royal Celtic Club of Vigo is founded with the fusion of Fortune and Sporting Vigo.
• 1933: Jaime de Borbón renounces his successor rights as the son of King Alfonso XIII of Spain, pressured by his father to consider him disabled by his deafness.
• 1937: In Mexico, General Lázaro Cárdenas del Río expropriates the railways and creates the Mexican National Railways Company.
• 1940: In France—in the framework of World War II—the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler visits the occupied city of Paris.
• 1941: The Lithuanian Activist Front declares the independence of the Soviet Union and will end the Nazi occupation a few weeks later.
• 1942: Second World War: First execution in Jewish gas chamber in Auschwitz.
• 1947: The Taft-Hartley Act is passed in the United States.
• 1958: The Dutch Reformed Church accepts the ministry of women.
• 1959: In the United States, the government releases scientist Klaus Fuchs—accused of espionage in the Manhattan Project—after nine years in prison. It allows you to emigrate to Dresden (Eastern Germany) where you will continue your career as a scientist.
• 1959: In Stalheim (Norway) the incendo in a hotel kills 34 people.
• 1961: the Antarctic Treaty enters into force.
• 1964: His first democratic elections are held in Swaziland.
• 1967: Summit between United States President Lyndon B. Johnson and Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro (New Jersey).
• 1968: In France, President Charles de Gaulle dissolves the National Assembly and calls for early parliamentary elections.
• 1968: Tragedia de la Puerta 12 in Buenos Aires (Argentina); 71 supporters of Boca Juniors died in the stadium Antonio V. Liberti.
• 1972: In the city of Washington—in the framework of the Watergate scandal—Richard Nixon (President of the United States) and H. R. Haldeman (White House Chief of Staff) are recorded while discussing how they are using the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) to obstruct the FBI's investigation into the acts of corruption by the U.S. government.
• 1973: in the city of Kingston upon Hull (United Kingdom) a fire burns a house; a 6-year-old boy dies. It is believed to be an accidental fire, but later it will be discovered that it was the first fire intentionally caused by the pyroman Peter Dinsdale, who in the next seven years will cause 26 deaths.
• 1985: on the coast of Ireland, a bomb explodes in a Boeing 747 that operated Air India's 182 flight, disintegrating the plane instantly and killing 329 people on board.
• 1991: Sega launches videogame Sonic the Hedgehog, which appears first in America and Europe, and for the video console Sega Mega Drive.
• 1992: In the United States, the British singer Elton John released his 23rd studio album titled The One.
• 1993: In Lausanne, Switzerland, the Olympic Museum is inaugurated.
• 1993: Non Blondes publishes his simple "whats Up? of his Album "Bigged" The song was successful on the radios. He reached position 14 on the Billboard Hot 100.
• 1998: La banda Aterciopelados publishes the simple "El).estuche" of its fourth Caribbean Atom. His recording was made at Kampo Center (New York) and Audiovision (Bogotá).
• 1996: in Japan the famous Nintendo 64 video game console is launched.
• 2001: an earthquake of magnitude 6.9 in the Richter scale shakes Peru and Chile, causing extensive damage to the Peruvian cities of Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna, and the Chileans of Arica and Iquique.
• 2007: in Vizcaya (Spain) the real estate bubble explodes.^{[chuckles]required]}
• 2010: In the city of Los Angeles (California), the Mister Universe contest is held, in which the Nicaraguan candidate wins
• 2016: In the United Kingdom, a referendum was held on the permanence of the European Union, with a result of 51.9% votes favourable to the departure of the United Kingdom of the EU.
• 2016: In Havana, within the peace dialogues between the FARC and the Colombian government, the end of the confrontations was agreed, with a cessation of the fire and bilateral and definitive hostilities.
• 2019: Argentina became a world champion in Softbol. This meant the first World Championship for the South American Selection in that discipline, being also the first Ibero-American country to achieve such an achievement.
• 2020: Oaxaca Earthquake with epicentre 23 kilometres south of Crucecita, 7.4 Mw

Births

• 47 a. C.: Cesarion (Ptolemy XV), Pharaoh of Egypt (f. 30 B.C.).
• 1373: Joan II, Neapolitan queen (f. 1435).
• 1390: Juan Cancio, priest and Polish theologian (f. 1473).
• 1433: Francis II, king Brethon (f. 1488).
• 1456: Daughter of Denmark, the wife of James III of Scotland (f. 1486).
• 1534: Nobunaga Oda, Japanese daimyo, first of the "Three Great Unifiers of Japan" (f. 1582).
• 1668: Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher (f. 1744).
• 1711: Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, lutier italiano (f. 1786).
• 1722: Juan Ramos de Lora, Spanish religious (f. 1790).
• 1744: Micaela Bastidas, a Peruvian revolutionary (f. 1781).
• 1772: Cristóbal Mendoza, Venezuelan politician and military, first president (f. 1829).
• 1805: Manuel Ascencio Segura, a Peruvian writer (f. 1871).
• 1837: Ernest Guiraud, French composer (f. 1892).
• 1841: Benoît Malon, French anarchist writer (f. 1893).
• 1843: Paul Heinrich von Groth, German mineralogist (f. 1927).
• 1860: José María Vargas Vila, a Colombian writer (f. 1933).
• 1860: Joan Llimona, a Spanish painter (f. 1926).
• 1862: María de la Paz de Borbón, Infanta de España, daughter of Queen Elizabeth II (f. 1946).
• 1869: Elías Tormo, art critic and Spanish archaeologist (f. 1957).
• 1869: Luis Alfredo Martínez, writer, painter and Ecuadorian politician (f. 1909).
• 1872: Luis Orione, a canonized Italian priest who created asylums (f. 1940).
• 1875: Carl Milles, Swedish sculptor (f. 1955).
• 1889: Anna Ajmatova, Russian poet (n. 1966).
• 1890: Salvatore Papaccio, Italian tenor (f. 1977).
• 1894: Edward VIII, British king (f. 1972).
• 1894: Alfred C. Kinsey, American biologist and sexologist (f. 1956).
• 1902: Mathias Wieman, German actor (f. 1969).
• 1907: James Meade, British economist, nobel economic award in 1977 (f. 1995).
• 1910: Jean Anouilh, French playwright (f. 1987).
• 1910: Gordon B. Hinckley, Mormon prophet (f. 2008).
• 1910: Milt Hinton, American jazz musician (f. 2000).
• 1912: Alan Turing, mathematician, logical, computer scientist, cryptographer and British philosopher (f. 1954).
• 1922: Juan San Martín, Spanish writer (f. 2005).
• 1925: Oliver Smithies, British geneticist (f. 2017).
• 1927: Bob Fosse, actor, choreographer and American filmmaker (f. 1987).
• 1927: Jacobo Langsner, Argentine writer and writer (f. 2020).
• 1928: Paál Jakucs, a Hungarian biologist (f. 2000).
• 1929: June Carter Cash, American singer (f. 2003).
• 1930: John Elliott, British historian and hyspanist (f. 2022).
• 1935: Thomas Brandis, German violinist (f. 2017).
• 1936: Carlos Fonseca, professor, politician and revolutionary Nicaragua (f. 1976).
• 1936: Raúl Aubel, an Argentine actor (f. 1997).
• 1936: Richard Bach, American writer.
• 1936: Costas Simitis, Greek politician, Prime Minister between 1996 and 2004.
• 1937: Martti Ahtisaari, a Finnish politician, president between 1994 and 2000.
• 1939: Alvaro Pombo, Spanish writer.
• 1939: José Ángel García de Cortázar, Spanish historian.
• 1940: Wilma Rudolph, American athlete (f. 1994).
• 1940: Stuart Sutcliffe, British bassist, known as Fifth Beatle (f. 1962).
• 1943: Vinton Cerf, American programmer, Internet pioneer.
• 1943: James Levine, director of American orchestra (f. 2021).
• 1943: Albert Pintat, Andorran president.
• 1945: John Garang, Sudanese leader (f. 2005).
• 1946: Jaime Guzmán, Chilean lawyer and politician, collaborator of Augusto Pinochet (f. 1991).
• 1947: Bryan Brown, Australian actor.
• 1948: Clarence Thomas, American jurist.
• 1948: Myles Goodwyn, Canadian guitarist, from the April Wine band.
• 1948: Luther Kent, American blues singer.
• 1951: Michèle Mouton, French pilot.
• 1952: Carlos Faraco, speaker and Spanish writer.
• 1953: Russell Mulcahy, Australian film director.
• 1954: Carmen Pinós, arquitecta española.
• 1955: Glenn Danzig, American musician, of the band The Misfits.
• 1955: Jean Tigana, French footballer.
• 1956: Randy Jackson, American producer.

Frances McDormand

• 1957: Frances McDormand, American actress.
• 1961: David Leavitt, American writer.
• 1961: LaSalle Thompson, American basketball player.
• 1962: Chuck Billy, American singer, of the Testament band.
• 1962: Steve Shelley, American drummer, The Crucifucks and Sonic Youth bands.
• 1963: Colin Montgomerie, Scottish golfer.
• 1963: Astrid Carolina Herrera, actress, model and Venezuelan speaker, who was Miss Mundo 1984.
• 1964: Joss Whedon, American writer, director and executive producer.
• 1965: Fernanda Tapia, Mexican speaker.
• 1965: Paul Arthurs, guitarist of Oasis.
• 1966: Chico DeBarge, singer of U.S. R. S.S. (DeBarge).
• 1968: Ana Celia Zuñiga, Mexican actress, singer and animator.
• 1969: Alberto Chicote, Spanish cook.
• 1969: Martin Klebba, American actor.
• 1970: Yann Tiersen, French musician and composer.
• 1970: Christian Meier, actor, model, entrepreneur and Peruvian singer.
• 1972: Fabio Volo, actor, writer, radio announcer, television presenter, screenwriter and Italian bent.

Selma Blair

• 1972: Selma Blair, American actress.
• 1972: Elena de la Cruz, Spanish politics (f. 2017).

Zinedine Zidane

• 1972: Zinedine Zidane, retired French footballer and current coach.
• 1973: Marie N, Latvian singer.
• 1974: Cristian Machado, Brazilian singer, Ill Niño band.
• 1974: Joel Edgerton, Australian actor.
• 1975: KT Tunstall, Scottish singer.
• 1975: Mike James, American basketball player.
• 1976: Paola Suárez, Argentinian tennis player.
• 1976: Patrick Vieira, French footballer.
• 1976: Emmanuelle Vaugier, Canadian actress.
• 1977: Miguel Angel Angulo, Spanish footballer.

Jason Mraz

• 1977: Jason Mraz, American singer.
• 1977: Hayden Foxe, Australian footballer.
• 1977: Tomasz Kiendyś, Polish cyclist.
• 1978: Memphis Bleek, American rapper.
• 1978: Frédéric Leclercq, French bassist of DragonForce.
• 1979: LaDainian Tomlinson, American footballer.
• 1979: Shigeki Tsujimoto, Japanese footballer.
• 1980: Erick Elías, Mexican actor.
• 1980: Melissa Rauch, American actress.
• 1980: Francesca Schiavone, Italian tennis player.
• 1980: Daniel Örlund, Swedish footballer.
• 1980: Susan Wayland, German model.
• 1981: Antony Costa, British singer and composer of Blue.
• 1981: Giulio Migliaccio, Italian footballer.
• 1981: Guillermo Roldán, Spanish footballer.
• 1982: Rober Bodegas, Spanish comic.
• 1983: José Rojas, Chilean footballer.
• 1983: Brandi Rhodes, American fighter.
• 1983: Kari Arkivuo, Finnish footballer.
• 1983: Juho Mäkelä, Finnish footballer.
• 1984: Duffy, British singer.
• 1984: Manuel Iturra, Chilean footballer.
• 1984: Matthew Ryan, Aussian Remedy.
• 1985: Andreea Bălan, Romanian singer.
• 1986: Simon Špilak, Slovenian cyclist.
• 1987: Alessia Filippi, Italian swimmer.
• 1988: Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast.
• 1988: Simão Mate Junior, Mozambiqueño footballer.
• 1988: Krisztián Lovassy, Hungarian cyclist.

Billie Kay

• 1989: Billie Kay, American fighter.
• 1989: Kristoffer Nordfeldt, Swedish footballer.
• 1990: Daniela Guajardo, Chilean cyclist.
• 1991: Malena Morgan, American pornographic actress.
• 1993: Tim Anderson, American baseball player.
• 1993: Irene Siragusa, an Italian athlete.
• 1993: Eric Washington, American basketball player.
• 1994: Hoyeon Jung, South Korean model.
• 1994: Connor Jessup, Canadian actor.
• 1995: Danna Paola, Mexican actress.
• 1996: Getsel Montes, a Honduran footballer.
• 1996: Mica Suárez, youtuber and Argentine actress.
• 1997: Bozhidar Kraev, Bulgarian footballer.
• 1997: Carlos Redruello Nimo, Spanish footballer.
• 1997: Nouhou Tolo, Cameroonian footballer.
• 1998: Josip Brekalo, Croatian footballer.
• 1998: Albert Batyrgaziyev, Russian boxer.
• 1998: Rodrigo Brandán, Argentine soccer player.
• 1998: Ignacio Azúa, Chilean footballer.
• 1998: Osamu Henry Iyoha, Japanese footballer.
• 1999: Angel Algobia, Spanish footballer.
• 2000: Kim Hyun-soo, South Korean actress.
• 2000: Florian Grengbo, French cyclist.
• 2000: Rodrigo González, Paraguayan footballer.
• 2000: John Yeboah, German footballer.
• 2000: Naoki Tsubaki, Japanese footballer.
• 2000: KennedyEgbus Mikuni, Japanese footballer.
• 2000: Lia Apostolovski, Slovenian athlete.
• 2001: Florestan Riou, a French trampoline gymnast.
• 2005: Beknaz Almazbekov, Kyrgyz footballer.

Deaths

• 79: Vespasian, Roman emperor (n. 9).
• 572: Alboin king of Lombard.
• 840: Ludovico Pio, son of Charlemagne, king of the Franks between 814 and 840 (n. 778).
• 956: Urraca Sánchez, queen consorte de León.
• 1018: Henry I of Austria, second margrave of Austria.
• 1222: Constance of Aragon and Castile, Spanish aristocrat, wife of King Emerico I of Hungary and later of Emperor Frederick II (n. 1179).
• 1537: Pedro de Mendoza, Spanish conqueror (n. 1487).
• 1555: Pedro Mascarenhas, Portuguese explorer (n. 1470).
• 1582: Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military (n. 1537).
• 1733: Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss teacher (n. 1672).
• 1806: Mathurin Jacques Brisson, zoologist and French philosopher (n. 1723).
• 1811: Nicolau Tolentino de Almeida, Portuguese poet (n. 1740).
• 1831: Mateo Albéniz, Spanish composer (n. 1755).
• 1832: James Hall, Scottish geologist and biologist (n. 1761).
• 1836: James Mill, a Scottish philosopher and historian (n. 1773).
• 1839: Mariano Lagasca, Spanish botanist (f. 1776).
• 1861: Leandro Valle, Mexican military and liberal deputy (n. 1833).
• 1891: Wilhelm Eduard Weber, a German physicist (n. 1804).
• 1913: Nicolás de Piérola, a Peruvian politician (n. 1839).
• 1914: Bhaktivinoda Thakur, a religious writer and Bengali writer (n. 1838).
• 1919: Herculano de la Rocha, Mexican military (n. 1846).
• 1920: Eugenio Courret, a French photographer based in Peru (n. 1839).
• 1926: Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (n. 1848).
• 1936: Prospero Palazzo, Argentinian aviator (n. 1904).
• 1942: Ignacio Bonillas, engineer, politician and Mexican diplomat (n. 1858).
• 1944: Anna Nikandrova, Soviet military (n. 1921).
• 1946: William S. Hart, American actor (n. 1864).
• 1953: Albert Gleizes, a French painter (n. 1881).
• 1956: Reinhold Glière, Soviet composer (n. 1875).
• 1959: Andrés Saliquet, Spanish military (n. 1877).
• 1959: Boris Vian, French writer and musician (n. 1920).
• 1960: Miguel de Andrea, bishop and Argentine writer (n. 1877).
• 1967: Walter Blumenfeld, a German psychologist based in Peru (n. 1882).
• 1969: Antonino Cipolla, violinist and Argentine composer (n. 1889).
• 1980: Clyfford Still, American painter (n. 1904).
• 1980: Varahagiri Venkata Giri, Indian President (n. 1894).
• 1981: Zarah Leander, Swiss actress and singer (n. 1907).
• 1983: Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, Cuban politician (n. 1919).
• 1988: Henry Murray, American psychologist (n. 1893).
• 1993: Rafael Anglada, Spanish actor and comediographer (n. 1921).
• 1995: Jonas Salk, inventor of poliomyelitis vaccine (n. 1914).
• 1996: Andreas Papandreu, Greek politician (n. 1919).
• 1998: Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish actress (n. 1911).
• 1999: Buster Merryfield, British actor and footballer (n. 1920).
• 2000: Peter Dubovský, Slovak footballer (n. 1972).
• 2002: Pedro Alcázar, El Rockero, Panamanian boxer (n. 1975).
• 2005: Manolis Anagnostakis, Greek poet (n. 1925).
• 2006: Aaron Spelling, producer of American films and television series (n. 1923).
• 2008: Arthur Chung, Guyanese President (n. 1918).
• 2009: Manuel Saval, Mexican actor (n. 1956).
• 2011: Christiane Desroches Noblecourt, French Egyptian (n 1913).
• 2011: Peter Falk, American actor, protagonist Columbo (n. 1927).
• 2011: Fred Steiner, American composer (n. 1923).
• 2012: Juanito Belmonte, head of Argentine press (n. 1933).
• 2015: Marujita Díaz, Spanish actress and singer (n. 1932).
• 2015: Magali Noël, actress and singer (n. 1932).
• 2018: Kim Jong-pil, South Korean politician (n. 1940).
• 2019: Dave Bartholomew, musician, composer, arranger and American producer (n. 1918).
• 2020: Patricio Rodríguez, a Chilean tennis player and coach (n. 1938).
• 2021: John McAfee, magnate and British-American computer programmer (n. 1945).
• 2021: Mila Ximénez, journalist, television collaborator, writer and Spanish media character (n. 1952).
• 2022:
  • Ernane Galvêas, Brazilian economist (n. 1922).
  • Ernst Jacobi, German actor (n. 1933).

Celebrations

• International Dravet Syndrome Day.
• Olympic Day

United Nations

• United Nations Day for Public Administration.
• International Day of Widows.

SpainSpain: Night of San Juan.

LuxembourgLuxembourg: National Day.

Mapuche New Year.

NicaraguaNicaragua: Father's Day.

Catholic saints list

• Saint Martyrs of Nicomedia (303)
• Santa Eteldreda de ElyAbbey (679)
• San Bilio de DariórigoBishop and martyr (c. 914)
• Beato Lanfranco de Pavia, bishop (1194)
• Saint Walhero of Onhaye, priest (1197)
• Blessed Mary of Oignies (1213)
• Blessed Peter James of Perez(c. 1496)
• Saint Thomas Garnet, priest and martyr (1608)
• San José Cafasso, priest (1860)
• Blessed María Rafaela Cimati (Santina)virgin (1945)