Joaquin de Oreamuno and Muñoz de la Trinidad
Joaquín Mariano de Oreamuno y Muñoz de la Trinidad (Cartago, July 14, 1755-ib., November 13, 1827) was a Costa Rican military and politician, ruler of Costa Rica as commander General of arms from March 29 to April 5, 1823.
Biography
He was the son of José Antonio de Oreamuno y García de Estrada, lieutenant governor of Costa Rica in 1789, and María de la Encarnación Muñoz de la Trinidad y Arburola.
He married in Cartago on November 11, 1782, with Florencia Josefa Jiménez y Robredo —baptized on October 26, 1766 and died on March 16, 1818—, daughter of José Antonio Jiménez y Bonilla and Petronila Rodríguez de Robredo y Arlegui.
Private Activities
He did not pursue formal education, but successfully pursued the practice of law and medicine in his hometown. He was also the owner of valuable properties dedicated to agriculture and livestock, and carried out trade.
Military career
He reached the rank of captain in the Costa Rican militias. He was part of the expedition of the provincial battalion to Nicoya and Nicaragua in 1812.
Public office
He held numerous public offices. He was butler of the City of Cartago in 1782; first mayor of Cartago in 1791, 1794, 1799, 1814 and 1820; second mayor in 1795, 1796 and 1806. he was also bailiff and alderman of Cartago.
As the first mayor of Cartago, he was temporarily in charge of the political command of Costa Rica in January 1799 due to the absence of Governor Tomás de Acosta y Hurtado de Mendoza, and from September 24 to December 22, 1817 due to the absence of Governor Juan of God of Ayala and Toledo.
He was a member of the Board of Legacies of the Peoples that governed Costa Rica from November to December of 1821.
General Commander of Arms
He was the main leader of the supporters of the First Mexican Empire in Costa Rica and carried out the monarchical military coup of March 29, 1823, which overthrew the government of the Diputación de Costa Rica presided over by Rafael Francisco Osejo and led it to assume power with the title of General Commander of Arms.
His government was very brief, since his troops were defeated in the battle of Ochomogo on April 5, 1823, by the forces of Gregorio José Ramírez y Castro, who took the city of Cartago and took him prisoner to San José. A process followed him and he was sentenced to degradation, confinement and pecuniary penalties, but shortly after he was pardoned. In his last years he stayed away from all political activity.
Death
He died in Cartago, Costa Rica, on November 13, 1827. In 1996 Jorge Francisco Sáenz Carbonell published a biography of him with the title Don Joaquín de Oreamuno y Muñoz de la Trinidad. Life of a Costa Rican monarchist.
Private life
Children of this marriage were:
- Ana Josefa, married to Joaquín Hidalgo and Muñoz de la Trinidad.
- Maria Josefa, single.
- José María Joaquín, died in childhood.
- Maria Juliana, married to José Antonio García and González.
- Joaquina Francisca, single.
- Ramona Estéfana de los Angeles, married to Antonio Figueroa and Álvarez and mother of lawyer and politician Eusebio Figueroa Oreamuno.
- Felix Oreamuno and Jiménez, married to Ramona Carazo and Alvarado.
- José Vicente Ildefonso, died in childhood.
- Mary Augustine of Jesus died in childhood.
- Nicholas of Santa Rosa, priest.
- Francisco de Paula, married to Ana Oreamuno and Muñoz de la Trinidad.
- Pedro José, single.
- Manuel de Jesus, died in childhood.
- Joseph of Jesus, married to Lucia Carazo and Peralta.
- Maria Gertrudis, died in childhood.
- Maria Francisca, married to Juan Freses de Ñeco.
- María Gertrudis de Mercedes, married to Crisanto Fernández Hidalgo.