January 22

January 22 is the 22nd (twenty-second or twenty-second) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 343 days to the end of the year and 344 in leap years.

Events

• 1188: In the Kingdom of Leon, Alfonso IX is proclaimed king after the death of his father Fernando II.
• 1211: King Peter II of Aragon accepts the vassal of the Knight Simon IV of Montfort on different territories of Occitania.
• 1800: In the United States, Adams County is incorporated into Pennsylvania.
• 1801: In Santo Domingo, the Spanish forces capitulate to the Haitian Toussaint-Louverture.
• 1809: The Central Board of Seville declares that the Spanish colonies of America "are not proper colonies or factories, such as those of other nations, but an essential and independent part of the Spanish Monarchy".
• 1810: Jerónimo Merino, whose guerrillas acted on communications between Burgos and Valladolid, surprises a French division in the vicinity of the village of Dueñas, falling into the ambush more than 1500 men.
• 1820: in Uruguay, José Gervasio Artigas is defeated after a three-and-a-half-year war on the Portuguese and after fighting more than 500 fights.
• 1826: In Chile the annexation of the Chiloé archipelago, the last territory of the Spanish crown in South America is made official.
• 1826: In El Callao (Peru) the Fortaleza del Real Felipe, the last reduct of the Spanish resistance in South America, surrenders.
• 1879: In Swaziland the battle of Isandwana is waged between British troops and Zulu warriors for the control of that country.
• 1903: The United States and Colombia sign the Herrán-Hay treaty for the construction of the Panama Canal.
• 1904: In Norway, a fire completely destroys the city of Ålesund.
• 1905: In St.Petersburg (Imperial Russia) the Winter Palace is taken by 30,000 workers led by pope Georgi Gapón.
• 1909: Russia rejects the Finnish request for the right to self-determination.
• 1910: the repatriation of the Spanish troops who fought in the Moroccan campaign begins.
• 1917: In the United States, President Woodrow Wilson presents a Peace Commission to the Senate.
• 1918: The People ' s Republic of Ukraine is proclaimed in Kiev, whose Government is declared independent.
• 1921: In Spain, the government establishes compulsory labour insurance for all workers.
• 1926: the Spanish Plus Ultra hydroplane begins the first flight on the South Atlantic.
• 1929: Dominican Republic and Haiti sign a treaty establishing the borders between the two countries.
• 1931: The telephone service between the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands begins in Spain.
• 1932: In England, the Church of England and the Old Catholic Church communicate their union.
• 1932: In El Salvador there is a peasant uprising that is violently repressed by the government.
• 1934: the American film is released The lucky texanstarring John Wayne.
• 1936: Edward VIII of England is proclaimed king.
• 1939: at Columbia University (United States) uranium fission is achieved.
• 1941: In Tobruk (Libya)—in the framework of the Second World War—the Italian garrison capitulates with allied forces.
• 1942: Argentina wins a match against Ecuador for 12 to 0.
• 1942: In Bahía Blanca (Argentina) the Roberto Natalio Carminatti Stadium of the Olympic Club is inaugurated.
• 1944: near Rome, Italy—in the framework of the Second World War—allied troops land in Anzio and undertake the conquest of that country.
• 1944: at Luna Park (Buenos Aires), Colonel Juan Domingo Perón knows Eva Duarte.
• 1959: In Havana, Cuba, military trials are initiated against the hundreds of crimes committed by the collaborators of the overthrown dictator Fulgencio Batista.
• 1962: In Punta del Este (Uruguay) the OAS conference agrees to the expulsion of Cuba from the organization, due to the strong pressures of the United States.
• 1963: Germany and France are reconciled after the signature by Charles de Gaulle and Konrad Adenauer Elysée Treaty.
• 1966: in a well 213 meters underground, in the U10m area of the Nevada atomic testing site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 7:17 (local time) United States detonates its atomic bomb Reo, of 0.15 kilotons. It is the 446 bomb of 1132 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
• 1967: in Managua (Nicaragua) there is the Massacre of January 22 when soldiers of the National Guard (GN) machine gunshot a demonstration of the first electoral coalition National Opposition Union (UNO)—whose presidential candidate was Dr. Fernando Agüero Rocha—who protested against President Lorenzo Guerrero Gutiérrez and General Anastasio Somoza Debayle (candidate of the Nationalist Liberal Party and Chief of 1500
• 1968: in Cabo Cañaveral (Florida), the United States launches Apollo 5.
• 1970: The first commercial flight of the Boeing 747 plane takes place in the United States.
• 1972: Denmark, the United Kingdom and Ireland become members of the EEC (European Economic Community).
• 1972: In Spain, after four days of kidnapping, the terrorist band ETA released the industrialist Lorenzo Zabala.
• 1977: In the United States, President Jimmy Carter granted amnesty to the deserters of Vietnam.
• 1980: In the Soviet Union, Soviet dissident and scientist Andréi Sájarov is banished to the city of Gorki.
• 1982: in Chile, the former president Eduardo Frei Montalva.
• 1987: in Harrisburg (Pensilvania), U.S. politician Robert Budd Dwyer (47) committed suicide in public to avoid being imprisoned for several crimes.
• 1992: In Washington, D.C., 47 countries meet to coordinate aid to the countries of the former Soviet Union.
• 1993: In Yugoslavia, the Croatian army launched an offensive against the territory of Krajina, an enclave occupied by the Serbs in Croatia, after a year of truce between the two factions.
• 1993: In Spain, the terrorist group ETA murders José R. Domínguez Burillo, a prison official.
• 1994: in Spain a hundred academics from the Castilian language of 20 of the 22 institutions existing in the world urge their respective governments to defend the Spanish language and culture.
• 1995: In the United States, Shawn Michaels wins the Royal Rumble by removing British Bulldog to win the competition.
• 1996: in Africa, Tanzania closes its border with Burundi and prevents the entry of 17 000 Rwandan refugees.
• 2003: The Palace of Versailles hosts the first joint session of the history of the Parliaments of France and Germany.
• 2006: in Bolivia, Evo Morales assumes the presidency of the country.
• 2006: Kobe Bryant scores 81 points in a NBA match. Establishing the second biggest score in the history of the league.
• 2010: in Bolivia, Evo Morales assumes the country's second presidential mandate.
• 2015: in Bolivia, for the third time consecutive Evo Morales assumes the presidency of the country.
• 2016: The exoplanet was discovered with the longest and most widely known orbit so far, corresponding to 2MASS J2126-8140
• 2019: Panamanian pitcher Mariano Rivera is elected to the Cooperstown Hall of Fame with 100% of the votes, thus becoming the first player of the Great Leagues to be unanimously elected.
• 2021: the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons enters into force.

Births

• 826: Montoku Tennō, Japanese emperor (f. 858).
• 1440: Ivan III, the Great, the Moscovite prince between 1462 and 1505 (f. 1505).
• 1552: Walter Raleigh, marine, writer and English politician (f. 1618).

Francis Bacon.

• 1561: Francis Bacon, English philosopher (f. 1626).
• 1572: John Donne, English poet.
• 1592: Pierre Gassendi, philosopher, scientist and mathematician (f. 1655).
• 1654: Sir Richard Blackmore, a British poet, religious and physician (f. 1729).
• 1665: Sebastian de Jesus, Spanish Franciscan friar (f. 1743).
• 1690: Nicolas Lancret, French painter (f. 1743).
• 1729: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, a German poet and philosopher (f. 1781).
• 1775: Manuel del Pópulo Vicente García, tenor español (f. 1832).
• 1788: Lord Byron, British poet (f. 1824).
• 1789: Luca Passi, Italian religious (f. 1866).
• 1796: Karl Ernst Claus, Russian chemical and naturalist (f. 1864).
• 1797: Mary Leopoldina of Austria, Consort Queen of Brazil (f. 1826).

Eduard Zeller.

• 1814: Eduard Zeller, German philosopher and theologian (f. 1908).

Henry Brunner.

• 1838: Henry Brunner, British chemist (f. 1916).
• 1842: Eloísa D’Herbil, Spanish composer (f. 1943).
• 1845: Filomena Tamarit and Ibarra, aristocrat and Spanish benefactor (f. 1921).
• 1845: Paul Vidal de La Blache, French geographer (f. 1918).

August Strindberg.

• 1849: August Strindberg, Swedish writer and playwright (f. 1912).
• 1852: Francisco Fernández Iparraguirre, pharmacist, botanist and Spanish linguist (f. 1889).
• 1855: Albert Neisser German microbiologist (f. 1916).
• 1858: Beatrice Webb, British economist (f. 1943).

Wilbur Scoville.

• 1865: Wilbur Scoville, an American chemical (f. 1942).
• 1869: Grigori Rasputin, mystic Russian (f. 1916).
• 1875: David Wark Griffith, American filmmaker (f. 1948).
• 1879: Francis Picabia, a French painter (f. 1953).
• 1887: Fanny Anitúa, contralto mexicano (f. 1968).
• 1888: Rodolfo Gaona, Mexican bullfighter (f. 1975).
• 1889: Henri Pélissier, French cyclist (f. 1935).
• 1891: Antonio Gramsci, Italian thinker and philosopher (f. 1937).
• 1893: Conrad Veidt, German actor (f. 1943).
• 1897: Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (f. 1981).

Serguéi Eisenstein.

• 1898: Serguéi Eisenstein, Russian filmmaker (f. 1948).
• 1900: Ernst Busch, German singer and actor (f. 1980).
• 1901: Hans Erich Apostel, a classic Austrian composer (f. 1972).
• 1901: Alberto Hurtado Cruchaga, Jesuit priest and Chilean saint (f. 1952).
• 1903: Fritz Houtermans, Polish physicist (f. 1966).
• 1904: George Balanchine, Russian-American choreographer (f. 1983).

Robert E. Howard.

• 1906: Robert E. Howard, American writer (f. 1936).
• 1907: Douglas Corrigan, American aviator (f. 1995).

Lev Landau.

• 1908: Lev Landau, Azerbaijani physicist, nobel prize of physics in 1962 (f. 1968).
• 1908: Hammie Nixon, American singer (f. 1984).
• 1909: Faustino Cordón, Spanish biologist (f. 1999).
• 1909: Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican diplomat (f. 1965).
• 1909: Ann Sothern, American actress (f. 2001).

U Thant.

• 1909: U Thant, Burmese diplomat, UN Secretary General between 1962 and 1971 (f. 1974).
• 1911: Suzanne Danco soprano and mezzosoprano Belgian (f. 2000).
• 1912: Francisco Cabañas, Mexican boxer (f. 2002).
• 1916: Henri Dutilleux, French composer. (f. 2013)
• 1917: José Luis Molinuevo, Spanish footballer (f. 2002).
• 1918: Isaac Aisemberg, writer and writer of Argentina (f. 1997).
• 1920: Irving Kristol, American publicist (f. 2009).
• 1920: Chiara Lubich, founder and president of the Focolare Movement (f. 2008).
• 1920: Alf Ramsey, British footballer and coach (f. 1999).
• 1922: Leonel Brizola, Brazilian politician (f. 2004).
• 1923: Diana Douglas, American actress (f. 2015)
• 1927: Juan Guerrero Zamora, Spanish television director (f. 2002).
• 1928: Jorge Ibargüengoitia, Mexican writer (f. 1983).
• 1930: Mariví Bilbao, Spanish actress (f. 2013).
• 1931: Sam Cooke, American musician (f. 1964).
• 1932: Piper Laurie, American film actress.
• 1932: Francisco Brines, Spanish poet (f. 2021).
• 1933: Carlos Revilla, a Spanish-language actor (f. 2000).
• 1934: Bill Bixby, American actor (f. 1993).
• 1935: Seymour Cassel, American actor (f. 2019).

Alan J. Heeger.

• 1936: Alan J. Heeger, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000.
• 1937: Alma Delia Fuentes, Mexican actress (f. 2017).
• 1939: Luigi Simoni, football player, coach and Italian sports leader (f. 2020).

John Hurt.

• 1940: John Hurt, British actor (f. 2017).
• 1942: Jaime Humberto Hermosillo, Mexican filmmaker (f. 2020).
• 1944: Angela Winkler, German actress.
• 1945: Eduardo Alquinta, Chilean singer and guitarist, from the band Los Jaivas (f. 2003).
• 1945: María Teresa Chacín, Venezuelan singer.
• 1945: Jean Pierre Nicolas, French rally driver.
• 1946: Malcolm McLaren, musician, manager and British producer (f. 2010).
• 1946: Inés Miguens, singer of Argentine tangos.
• 1947: José Vicente Anaya, Mexican poet, writer and journalist (f. 2020).
• 1949: Steve Perry, American musician, of the Journey band.
• 1949: Eduardo Dockendorff, Chilean architect.
• 1953: Myung-whun Chung, pianist and South Korean orchestra director.
• 1953: Jim Jarmusch, American filmmaker.
• 1959: Linda Blair, American actress.
• 1960: Michael Hutchence, Australian singer, of the INXS band (f. 1997).
• 1961: Quintin Dailey, American basketball player (f. 2010).
• 1961: Daniel Johnston, musician, singer and American artist (f. 2019).
• 1961: Luba Orgonasova, Slovak soprano.
• 1962: Mizan Zainal Abidin, sultan Malay of Terengganu.
• 1963: Andrei Tchmil, Belgian cyclist of Soviet origin.
• 1965: Steven Adler, American drummer, of the Guns N'Roses band.
• 1965: Mario Meoni, Argentine politician and Minister of Transport who died in office (f. 2021).
• 1965: Diane Lane, American actress.
• 1966: Fabián Von Quintiero, Argentine musician.
• 1968: Heath (Hiroshi Morie), Japanese musician, X Japan.
• 1968: Frank Leboeuf, French footballer.
• 1968: Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer.

Abraham Olano.

• 1970: Tito Puccetti, a Colombian social communicator, journalist and sports narrator.
• 1970: Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist.
• 1971: Gonzalo Rodríguez, a Uruguayan automotive pilot (f. 1999).
• 1972: Patricio Camps, Argentine footballer.
• 1972: Gabriel Macht, American actor.
• 1972: Marcelo Pontiroli, Argentine footballer.
• 1972: Aisen Nikoláyev, a Russian politician of Yakuta ethnicity.
• 1973: Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer.
• 1973: Barbara Rebolledo, Chilean TV presenter.
• 1974: Aristóteles Sandoval, Mexican politician (f. 2020).
• 1975: Balthazar Getty, American actor.
• 1975: Jonatan Binotto, Italian footballer.
• 1977: Mario Domm, Mexican singer and composer, of the Duo Camila.
• 1977: Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer.
• 1977: Jennifer Spence, Canadian actress
• 1979: Carlos Ruiz, Panamanian baseball player.
• 1980: Christopher Masterson, American actor.
• 1980: Ben Moody, American guitarist, Evanescence band.
• 1980: Adam Tuominen, Australian actor.
• 1980: Jonathan Woodgate, British footballer.
• 1982: Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer.
• 1982: Gonzalo López, Chilean bassist, Los Bunkers and López
• 1983: Iban Zubiaurre, Spanish footballer.
• 1984: Raica Oliveira, Brazilian model.
• 1984: Leon Powe, American basketball player.
• 1985: Orianthi Panagaris, guitarist and Australian singer.
• 1985: Mohamed Sissoko, French footballer.
• 1986: Angélica Camacho, is a Colombian model and presenter.
• 1986: Adrian Ramos, Colombian footballer.
• 1987: Eileen O'Higgins, British actress
• 1988: Marcel Schmelzer, German footballer.
• 1989: Nick Simmons, musician, son of bassist Gene Simmons
• 1990: Laura Ester, Spanish waterpolista.
• 1992: Leandro Marín, Argentine footballer.
• 1993: Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing pilot.
• 1993: Ramón Torres, Dominican baseball player.
• 1994: Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer.
• 1998:
  • Silented, producer, rapper, composer and American actor.
  • Walid Cheddira, footballer italo-Marroquí.

Deaths

• 1199: Yusuf II, caliph almohade (n. 1160).
• 1592: Elizabeth of Austria, Austrian aristocrat and queen consort of France (n. 1554).
• 1599: Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian composer (n. 1547).
• 1636: Gregorio Fernández, Spanish sculptor (n. 1576).
• 1666: Sha Yaján, Mongol emperor between 1628 and 1658 (n. 1592).
• 1755: Antonio Viladomat, Spanish Baroque painter (n. 1678).
• 1803: María Teresa del Toro and Alayza, a Venezuelan personality (n. 1781).
• 1820: Pantaleón Sotelo, a Uruguayan artillery military.
• 1840: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (n. 1752).
• 1859: José Santos de la Hera, Spanish military and political (n. 1792).
• 1888: Miguel Luis Amunátegui, Chilean historian (n. 1828).
• 1900: David Edward Hughes, American physicist and inventor of British origin (n. 1831).
• 1901: Victoria I (81), British queen (n. 1819).
• 1904: Laura Vicuña, young Chilean Salesian student and beata (n. 1891).
• 1909: Emil Erlenmeyer, German chemical (n. 1825).
• 1919: Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (n. 1853).
• 1922: Benedict XV, Italian Pope between 1914 and 1922 (n. 1854).
• 1922: Fredrik Bajer, Danish writer and pacifist, nobel prize for peace in 1908 (n. 1837).
• 1942: Walter Richard Sickert, British impressionist painter of German origin (n. 1860).
• 1943: Maksim Passar, Soviet sniper (n. 1923).
• 1959: Mike Hawthorn, British motor racing pilot (n. 1929).
• 1964: Marc Blitzstein, American pianist and composer (n. 1905).
• 1966: Herbert Marshall, British actor (n. 1890).
• 1973: Lyndon B. Johnson, American President (n. 1908).
• 1977: Maysa, Brazilian singer and composer (n. 1936).
• 1977: Pascual Pérez, Argentine boxer (n. 1926).
• 1981: María Moliner, Spanish lexicografa, author of the Spanish Dictionary (n. 1900).
• 1982: Eduardo Frei Montalva, politician and Chilean president (n. 1911).
• 1987: Budd Dwyer, American politician; for televised suicide (n. 1939).
• 1992: Luís de Albuquerque, Portuguese historian (n. 1917).
• 1993: Kōbō Abe, a Japanese writer (n. 1924).
• 1994: Jean-Louis Barrault, theatrical director, mimo and French actor (n. 1910).
• 1994: Telly Savalas, American actor (n. 1924).
• 1995: Rose Kennedy, American woman, mother of President John Kennedy.
• 2000: Carlo Cossutta, tenor ílo-argentino (n. 1932).
• 2000: Anne Hébert, Canadian poet (n. 1916).
• 2002: Robert Nozick, American philosopher (n. 1938).
• 2002: Peter Bardens, British Technologist (n. 1944).
• 2003: John Tolkien, British Catholic priest, eldest son of writer J. R. R. Tolkien (n. 1917).
• 2004: Billy May, American composer (n. 1916).
• 2005: Consuelo Velázquez, Mexican composer (n. 1924).
• 2007: Ramón Marsal, Spanish footballer (n. 1937).
• 2007: Henri Grouès (Abate Pierre), French Catholic priest (n. 1912).
• 2008: Heath Ledger, Australian actor (n. 1979).
• 2010: James Mitchell (actor), American actor (n.1920).
• 2010: Jean Simmons, British actress (n. 1929).
• 2011: Gervasio Guillot, Uruguayan judge (n. 1933).
• 2011: Dennis Oppenheim, American artist and sculptor (n. 1938).
• 2012: Rita Gorr, mezzosoprano Belgian (n. 1926).
• 2012: Joe Paterno, American football coach (n. 1926).
• 2013: María Gómez Valbuena, Spanish religious of Las Hermanas de la Caridad; charged in the case of stolen children (n. 1925).
• 2014: Manu Leguineche, Spanish writer and journalist (n. 1941).
• 2018: Ursula K. Le Guin, American writer (n. 1929).
• 2021: Hank Aaron, American baseball player (n. 1934).
• 2022: Thích Nhŭt H Childhoodnh, Vietnamese Buddhist monk (n. 1926).
• 2022: Don Wilson, American guitarist (n. 1933).

Celebrations

• Bolivia: Multinational State Day
• Poland: Grandpa Day.
• Valencia (Spain): festival of Saint Vincent Martyr.
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Day.
• Ukraine: Day of Ukraine.

Catholic saints list

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesdeacon and martyr (304).
• Saint Gaudencio of Novara, bishop (c. 418).
• San Anastasio de Sergiopolis, monk and martyr (628).
• Saint Barnardo de Vienne, bishop (842).
• Holy Sunday of Sora, Abbot (1031).
• Blessed Maria Mancini, Abbey (1431).
• Beato Antonio della Chiesa, priest (1459).
• Blessed Guillermo Patenson, priest and martyr (1592).
• Saints Francisco Gil de Federich and Matthew Alonso de Leziniana, priests and martyrs (1745).
• Saint Vincent Pallotti, priest and founder (1850).
• beato Guillermo José Chaminade, priest (1850).
• Blessed Laura Vicuña, virgin (1904).
• Beato José Nascimbene, priest and founder (1922).
• beato Laszlo Batthyány-Strattmann (1931).