Idiophone
An idiophone, according to the Hornbostel-Sachs classification, is a musical instrument that has its own sound because it uses its body as resonating material. Idiophones are percussion instruments. It produces sound primarily by the vibration of the body itself, without the use of strings, membranes, or air columns. Its body, made of wood, metal or stone, is hard but resonant, with enough elasticity to maintain a vibratory movement.
The idiophone family is made up of a wide variety of instruments, from bells, castanets, and xylophones to cymbals and gongs. Most percussion instruments that do not use membranes to produce sound are idiophones, while those that do use a membrane are membranophones. These terms replace the more general and imprecise "percussion instrument", when it is necessary to resort to more precise terminology.
Typology
Idiophones can be classified by the way they are sounded, by the movement required to make them sound, their incidence on the instrument and its components:
IDOPHONES
- Chinese Box
- Campana
- Carrillón
- Castanets
- Keys
- Gong
- Plates
- Metallic drums of Trinidad
- Triangle
- Tuntaina
- Txalaparta
- Huehuetl
- Gnacarri: Hebrew instrument quoted by the Bible, similar to the colossals.
Jerking
- Cascabeles
- Maracas
- Sistro
- Sonajas
- Pandereta
Dotted
- Mouth harp, also called awk or Jewish harp
- Kalimba
Rubbed or scraped
- Crystal harmonic
- Anise bottle
- Güira
- Güiro
- Carraca
- Musical mountain
- Washing table
- Guacharaca
- Matraca
By hand or fingers
- Cantabrian
- Caña roire
- Hang
- Metallic drum
- Tank
- Kalimba or Sanza
- Qaraquebs
- Rascador
- Sonajero de campanillas
- Tsenatsil
Blown
- Galleta or Matofono