Ferenc Puskas
Ferenc Puskás (Hungarian pronunciation: /ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈpuʃkaːʃ/; Budapest Ferenc Purczeld Bíró, born Ferenc Purczeld Bíró, was a Spanish-Hungarian footballer and coach, a historic member of the Budapesti Honvéd Sport Egyesület and Real Madrid teams. Football Club, being the latter to which he owes his greatest successes and world recognition. He is remembered as one of the top scorers of all time.
Legendary figure of world soccer and considered one of the best soccer players in history according to UEFA and FIFA —the highest soccer body— he was capped by two countries, a circumstance allowed at the time, accounting for 85 matches with the Hungarian team —known as the "Golden Team" and with which they won the Gold Medal at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics and achieved runner-up in the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland—, and four with the Spanish team after adopting nationality Spain in 1961. Puskás is also one of the four footballers who have scored goals in Olympic and world finals along with the Uruguayan Pedro Cea, the Hungarian Zoltán Czibor and the Argentinean Ángel Di María.
Nicknamed Cañoncito Pum due to his strong left-footed shot and goals, he was voted the top division top scorer of the century in 1995 XX by the IFFHS and by FIFA as the Top Goalscorer of the Century in 2004. He was ranked sixth in the ranking of the Best Soccer Player of the Century published by IFFHS in 2004. This scoring uniqueness caused FIFA to award the Puskás Award in his honor since the 2009-10 football season, being awarded to the player who scores the best goal of the season.
At the club level, he won a total of fifteen titles: five Hungarian leagues, five Spanish leagues, one Spanish Cup championship, three European Cups and one Intercontinental Cup, also managing to proclaim himself top scorer in the First Division four times Spain and the Hungarian First Division.
According to the expert portal on historical statistics from Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation, he is the player with the third highest number of official goals in the world with 806 goals in 793 games. He holds second place by the International Federation of History and Football Statistics (IFFHS) as the top scorer in the European First Division championships, with 514 goals —also the second best world record—. His records allowed him to be designated by the same body as the sixth best player of the 20th century.
At the time of his retirement, he was the second top scorer in the history of Real Madrid C. F. —where he played for eight seasons—, only surpassed by 65 goals by his former teammate Alfredo Di Stéfano, both being members of the remembered « Madrid de Di Stéfano" or "Madrid of the five European Cups", designated by UEFA as one of the best teams in history. Considered the best Hungarian player in history, even after his death he is remembered together other great players in the country such as Sándor Kocsis, Ferenc Bene, Zoltán Czibor, Ferenc Szusza, Ferenc Déak or Ladislao Kubala among others, and is also considered by experts, journalists, fans and former soccer players as one of the best scorers in the world. Its name is closely linked to that of the aforementioned Di Stéfano, since —not surprisingly— they were the banners of the "merengue" club that changed the course of this team's history until it was proclaimed the best club of the 20th century, thanks to everything to the five consecutive finals won in the European Cup —Puskás being a participant in the last two, before winning a third in 1966—, and in which he scored a total of seven goals, being the historical record of the competition together with the player Spanish-Argentine.
After his retirement from sports in 1966, he dedicated himself to the technical field where he coached 13 different teams in 27 seasons, and having directed at least one team from each of the continental confederations, his greatest achievement being a runner-up in the European Cup in the 1971 edition with Panathinaikós Athlitikos Omilos against Johan Cruyff's Amsterdamsche Football Club Ajax. In 1993, he returned to Hungary and temporarily took charge of the Hungarian national team.
Due to his goals, achievements and career, he was posthumously inducted by FIFA into the Soccer Hall of Fame in 2011. He was also inducted into the predecessor project, the International Football Hall of Champions (IFHOC-FIFA) in 1997. In 1998, he became one of the first ambassadors for the charity FIFA/SOS. In 2002, the Népstadion in Budapest was renamed Puskás Ferenc Stadion in his honor. He was also declared the best Hungarian player of the last 50 years by the Hungarian Football Federation at the UEFA Jubilee Awards in November 2003. He was also included in Pelé's FIFA 100.
Tour
Origin
Puskás was born Ferenc Purczeld in Budapest and grew up in Kispest, then a town near the city. His father, of the same name, was a Danube Swabian of German ethnic origin, who Magyarized his surname to Puskás in 1937 after the entry of the German army into the country. He began his career as a youth player at the Kispesti Athlétikai Club, a subsidiary of Kispest Futball Club, where his father, who had previously played for the club, was a manager.
He initially used the name Miklós Kovács to circumvent the minimum age regulations before officially signing for Kispest A.C. at the age of twelve, and his teammates included his childhood friend and future teammate of the national team József Bozsik. He made his first senior appearance in the first team on December 5, 1943 in a match against which they ended up proclaiming league champions, the Romanian Nagyváradi Atlétikai Club and in which they were defeated 3-0. It was there where he received the nickname "Öcsi" at just seventeen years old.
The team finished in the lower half of the table until it finally exploded in the spring of 1945. Since then it became one of the best squads in Hungary, and it was his teammates József Nemes and József Mészáros of who inherited his scoring ability, relegating them as the best scorer on the team. However, his 35 goals scored in the 1945-46 season were insufficient compared to those achieved by the already great figures Ferenc Déak, author of 66 goals, and Ferenc Szusza, 45. These three were already in the Hungarian team, and they would go on to form one of the greatest teams ever seen. The following year, at the age of twenty, was the first time he came close to winning the championship. Author of 32 goals, second only to Déak, he led his team to the runner-up position —the second in the team's history and which was their best result to date—, before becoming the championship's top scorer in 1948 with 50 goals under directed by Béla Guttmann.
A team in transition after the coach's departure to Italy did not see success until a year later when it was taken over by the Hungarian Ministry of Defense (Hungarian: Magyar Honvédség) it was converted into the army club and for which it changed its name to Budapesti Honvéd Sportegyesület (in Spanish: Budapest Homeland Defense Sports Association). As a result of a practice that spread to numerous clubs in the country, soccer players were assigned military ranks, Puskás being eventually appointed commander, which meant receiving another of his nicknames: "The Galloping Commander". The new season the club won the first league in its history and once again Puskás was the top scorer, both facts that were revalidated the following season.
As an army club, Budapesti Honvéd S.E. used recruitment to acquire the best Hungarian players in the country, which led to the signings of Zoltán Czibor and Sándor Kocsis, with whom they formed one of the club's best forwards. During his career in his country, he achieved another three championships for a total of five titles, finishing as the top scorer on four occasions -also managing to be the top European scorer in 1948-, before his first participation in an international club tournament.
With the recently inaugurated Cup of European Champion Clubs or European Cup, and to which it refused to participate in its first edition, it competed in the 1956-57 edition as Hungarian champion. Paired against Spanish Atlético Bilbao in the first round, the Hungarians lost the first leg 3-2 at San Mamés, but before the second leg could be played the Hungarian revolution of 1956 broke out. The conflict, in protest due to the policies imposed from the Soviet Union, caused the players to decide not to return to Hungary and arranged for the second leg to be held at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels. Puskás scored the final 3-3, but his team was eliminated 6- 5 overall in the tie, and the Hungarian players were left in a serious dilemma. They called their families from Budapest, and despite opposition from FIFA and the Hungarian football authorities organized a fundraising tour through Italy, Portugal, Spain and finally Brazil. After returning to Europe, the players parted ways. Some, including Bozsik, returned to Hungary, while others, such as Czibor, Kocsis and Puskás, found new clubs where they could play in Western Europe.
Emigration and sanctions
After leaving Hungary in 1956 and not returning, he was tried for his military rank in his absence on charges of “traitor to the fatherland” by the communist regime and was not allowed to return to his country until 1981.
At the same time, both Milan Associazione Calcio and Juventus Football Club, two of the best Italian clubs at the moment, tried to sign him, but he was banned by FIFA and UEFA for refusing to return to Budapest, which prevented him from playing in Europe for a two-year period in which he moved to Austria, where he trained with the Wiener Sport-Club, and then to Italy. After the ban he tried to play in Italy, but was unable to find a top-class club willing to hire him since the administrators of the different teams were reluctant due to his already advanced age and his state of form. He was groped by Manchester United Football Club to reinforce a team devastated by the air disaster of Munich in 1958, but due to Football Association rules regarding foreigners and Puskás's lack of English, coach Jimmy Murphy was unable to fulfill his wish to sign the Hungarian. It was then that the club that would bring him his greatest sporting achievements was presented.
Maximum splendor in Spain
Puskás continued away from the playing fields and decided to settle in Spain after having little luck. Without progress in his situation, except for another fleeting and futile approach from the Real Club Deportivo Español, it was not until August 11, 1958, when at the age of 31, with a lot of extra weight and with the refusal of the club's technical secretary, José Samitier, signed for the Real Madrid Football Club chaired by Santiago Bernabéu. A personal bet by the president allowed him to form part of one of the best strikers ever seen in history made up of the French Raymond Kopa, the Spanish Paco Gento and the Spanish-Argentines Héctor Rial and Alfredo Di Stéfano.
Little was known at that time in Spain about his game and that he was about to dazzle, especially forming a lethal couple with Di Stéfano, with whom he established a great friendship. At that time, the Madrid club was the reference in Europe, having won no less than three consecutive European Cups, being the team to beat both nationally and continentally.
He made his debut with "los blancos" on September 14, 1958 in the 1-2 win against Unión Deportiva Las Palmas, and his first goal came a week later in the 5-1 win against Real Gijón being the author of three of them. It was the first of the four hat-tricks that he scored in the championship for a total of 21 goals, two less than his teammate Di Stéfano, being the top two scorers. Despite the good performance shown, they did not manage to emerge champions after a long duel with the Barcelona Football Club from start to finish. The duo scored 59 goals and nine hat-tricks, two of them, one for each player, occurred in the 10-1 victory against U. D. Las Palmas in what is one of the biggest victories in the history of the championship.
A shooting specialist, during the 1960-61 season, he scored four goals in a match against Elche Club de Fútbol and in the following season, he scored five goals against the same team. He scored two more hat-tricks in "El Clásico" against CF Barcelona in 1963, one at the Santiago Bernabéu stadium and another at the Camp Nou. During eight seasons as a Real Madrid player until the age of 39, Puskás made 180 league appearances and scored 156 goals, averaging 0.87 goals per game, and scored 20 or more goals during his first six years in Spain—three of which were of them over 40. He won the "pichichi" four times, and helped the club win the League five consecutive times between 1961 and 1965, as well as a Spanish Cup Championship in 1962 in which he was the author of the two goals in the victory for 2-1 over Sevilla Club de Fútbol. Circumstance —that of being decisive— that he repeated himself more times during his stay in Madrid.
Regarding his participation in Europe, where his club was the defending champion upon his arrival, he played 39 games in which he scored 35 goals. It was key for his team to reach the final of the 1959 European Cup again, scoring in the first leg and in the decisive repetition of the semifinal of the "Madrid derby" against Club Atlético de Madrid -in which it was the first time that two clubs from the same city faced each other in the tournament—, but unfortunately he could not appear in the final due to injury and that his teammates ended up winning. In the following edition, he began scoring a hat-trick against the Association Sportive La Jeunesse d'Esch and in both semifinal games against C. F. Barcelona, in which he qualified the madridistas to the final with three goals in the tie. In what was his first European Cup final, he beat Eintracht Frankfurt Fußball in Glasgow 7-3 in front of 135,000 spectators; Puskás scored four goals and Di Stéfano scored three. This game earned them a nickname by which the club would be known ever since, that of "the Vikings" and to be classified as the best team in the world without discussion.
“Real wanders through Europe as the Vikings once walked, destroying everything in its path”
(“The Real Madrid strolls through Europe as the Vikings were walking, dragging everything in their way”)The Times. May 19, 1960. London.
They achieved a feat that with the passage of time would be historic since it has not been equaled until now. The five consecutive European Cups remain the best performance ever achieved by a team in the history of the competition. In addition, as a result of the last title, the club obtained the privilege of playing a new international competition recently established: the Intercontinental Cup. This trophy was disputed from then on by the European champion and the South American champion (winner of the Champions Cup of America, counterpart to the European Cup) to find out who was the best team in the world. Real Madrid emerged victorious after defeating Club Atlético Peñarol 5-1 on aggregate, thus confirming their status as the best team in the world.
The so-called "Madrid de Di Stéfano" thus raised the club to the top of the international football scene, achieving great recognition by the media, fans and rival teams. During this period, the team lifted no less than nineteen titles in just over ten years, while its players were internationally recognized with the new Ballon d'Or trophy created by the French newspaper L'Équipe, the award for the best player in the world according to a jury of experts, and where the whites dominated the trophy podium during the first years. Nicknamed by the Spanish fans as "Pancho Puskás" and "Cañoncito Pum", Puskás was awarded the Silver Ball in 1960.
In later seasons, he scored another three hat tricks, including one in the 1962 final against Sport Lisboa e Benfica, which they lost 5-3 — the other was against the Football Club Internazionale Milano of Luis Suárez, Helenio Herrera and Sandro Mazzola— A veteran team that stunned Europe began to fade. Not surprisingly, its main figures, Di Stéfano and Puskás, were 37 and 36 years old respectively. This final against the Italians was the Spanish-Argentinean's last game as a Real Madrid player. However, the Magyar player continued in his wake, scoring five goals in two games against Feyenoord that helped the club reach the final of the 1966 European Cup – the club's eighth in eleven years of competition – and the fifth and last of Puskas. A team made up of young Spaniards such as Enrique Pérez Pachín, Pedro de Felipe, Manuel Sanchís, José Martínez Pirri, Ignacio Zoco, Paco Serena, Amancio Amaro, Ramón Grosso or Manuel Velázquez; all of them captained by the veteran Paco Gento and known as the Madrid of the yeye, he was the first to win with the entire team made up of players from the club's country of origin, that is, all Spanish. Puskás, once again, was unable to contest it due to a relapse of a long injury suffered in the winter of that same campaign and from which he recovered in April. The club won its sixth title, and Puskás his third in a competition in which he was the top scorer on two occasions.
He played his last game at the age of 38, on May 8, 1966, leaving a balance of 242 goals in 262 games —at an average of 0.92 per game— and ten titles to his credit. Achievements that earned him for being proclaimed by FIFA and IFFHS as the Top Scorer of the Century xx, as well as the best Hungarian footballer in history, the 4th best in Europe, and the 6th best in the world.
“...this magnet to futballt! Imádtam a családomat és mindig a futballpályán jártam, engem több plus nem érdekelt. Az én kabalam mindig a labda volt. Akkor éreztem magam biztosnak, amikor a labda nalam volt, vagy ha a labdaba belerúghattam... ”
“...I loved football! I loved my family and I was always in the football field, I wasn't interested in anything else. The ball was always my pet. I could feel confidence when I had the ball or when I kicked her... ”Ferenc Puskás after his retreat.
National team
Absolute selection
Puskás made his debut for the Hungarian national team on 20 August 1945, scoring in a 5–2 win over Austria. He went on to make 85 appearances and score 84 goals for the Magyar team. His international record included two hat tricks against Austria, one against Luxembourg and four goals in a 12–0 win over Albania. Together with Zoltán Czibor, Sándor Kocsis, József Bozsik and Nándor Hidegkuti, he formed the nucleus of the gold team that was to remain undefeated for 32 consecutive matches. During this period they became Olympic champions in 1952, beating Yugoslavia 2–0 in the Helsinki final. Puskás scored four goals in the Olympic tournament, including the first goal in the final. He too defeated England twice, first with a 6-3 win at Wembley Stadium and then 7-1 in Budapest. Puskás scored two goals in each match against England. In 1953, he too became the Central European Champion. Hungary won the championship after finishing top of the table with 11 points. Puskás finished the tournament as top scorer with 10 goals and scored twice for Hungary, who claimed the title with a 3–0 win over Italy at the Stadio Olimpico in 1953.
Puskás scored three goals in Hungary's two first-round games at the 1954 FIFA World Cup. The mighty Magyars defeated South Korea 9-0 and then-West Germany 8-3. In this last game, he suffered a broken ankle after a challenge by Werner Liebrich, and did not return until the end.
Puskás played the entire 1954 World Cup final against Germany with the fracture. Despite this, he scored his fourth goal of the tournament to put Hungary ahead after six minutes, and with Czibor's second goal of the match two minutes later, it looked as if the pre-tournament favorites would clinch the title. However, the West Germans equalized the two goals before half-time, and with six minutes remaining the West Germans scored the winner. With two minutes remaining in the game, Puskás appeared to score the equalizer, but the goal was disallowed for offside.
Spain
After obtaining Spanish nationality in 1961, Puskás began a brief stint with the Spanish team, with which he made his debut in September of that year against Morocco and three more games, the last in June 1962 with a defeat against Czechoslovakia in the World Cup in Chile.
Style of Play
If Puskás' game was characterized by something, it was his mastery of his left leg. He was capable of giving measured passes to wingers, like Francisco Gento, and shooting on goal with incredible power. To all this he added great speed thanks to a fearsome start and a vision of the goal that has allowed him to be named top scorer of the century, by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics.
Technical management
After retiring as a player, Ferenc Puskás became a coach. In 1971 he managed Greek side Panathinaikos, which he led to the European Cup final, the only time a Greek club has reached a European final to date. In the qualifying rounds they eliminated Everton Football Club in the quarter-finals and defeated Red Star Belgrade in the semi-finals. In the final, Panathinaikos lost 2-0 to Johan Cruyff's Ajax at Wembley Stadium. During his four-year spell at Panathinaikos, Puskás helped the team to a Greek championship in 1972. However, with the notable exception of his time at Panathinaikos, Puskás was unable to translate his success as a player into his coaching career.
Puskás had experiences in Spain, coaching Alavés (1968–1969) and Real Murcia, which he joined after his success with the Greek club in 1975. Later he spent a season (1977) at Colo-Colo in Chile, the selection of Saudi Arabia and AEK Athens. In South America he also directed Club Sol de América, whom he made champion of the Paraguayan First Division in 1986, and Cerro Porteño. Despite his exotic travels, his last success came with the South Melbourne Hellas, with whom he won the Australian National Soccer League title in 1991.
When the Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club opened its new Molineux stadium in 1993, Puskás visited the newly opened stadium as the guest of honor to watch the friendly match between Wolves and Budapesti Honvéd, the match to christen the stadium's new opening. This meeting also served to commemorate the historic game that both clubs played in the 1950s, in which the Hungarian team, led by Puskás, lost to the English 3-2.
In 1993, the Hungarian Football Federation announced the introduction of the legendary Magyar striker as national coach. Puskás coached the Hungary team in four games, including a 4-2 friendly win against the Republic of Ireland in Dublin, where Hungary trailed by two goals to finally beat the Irish.
Old age and death
With the fall of communism, in September 1992 he settled permanently in Hungary and joined the technical tasks of his team. Coinciding with his return, his army lieutenant colonel stripes were returned to him and in December 1995 he was promoted to the rank of colonel. In October 1995 the International Federation of Football History and Statistics proclaimed him "top scorer" of the XX century, adding 528 games and 512 goals in his career.
In October 2000, he was hospitalized in Budapest for a general examination in which he was found to be suffering from cerebral arteriosclerosis, for which he was admitted to the Kutvolgyi Clinic. Since then he only left the hospital to attend some tribute. A few years before the death of this legendary player, and in his honor, the Hungarian National Stadium changed its name to the Ferenc Puskás Stadium.
The asteroid (82656) Puskás, discovered in 2001 from the Calar Alto Observatory in Almería, bears this name in his memory.
The city of Madrid dedicated a street to it in 2018 in the new urban development of El Cañaveral.
Ferenc Puskás died on November 17, 2006 in Budapest from pneumonia. In addition, he had suffered from Alzheimer's disease since the year 2000. He had married Elisabet in 1950, with whom he had a daughter: Anke.
Anecdote
When Real Madrid C.F. faced F.C. Internazionale in the 1964 European Cup final —now the Champions League—, Sandro Mazzola, who scored the third Italian goal with which they beat the Spanish 3-1, He had planned to exchange his shirt with Alfredo Di Stéfano, but before reaching him, Puskás crossed his path, who told him: "Enjoy this moment, boy, for your glory and the pride of your father Valentino Mazzola, wherever he is.. You are worthy of him & # 34;, and immediately afterwards he offered him his shirt.
Statistics
Clubs
Updated data to end of sports career.
In the 1957-58 season, he was disqualified from playing sports by FIFA and UEFA for having been accused by Hungary of "traitor to the homeland" for not returning to the country, in the middle of the revolution and under the communist regime and impositions of the sovietic Union. The player was then a military commander and being out of the country along with the rest of the national team, many of them did not return and decided to make a career in Europe Seriously injured in his last season, he left the activity in 1966.
Selections
Participations in final phases
| World | Equipment | Headquarters | Outcome | Parties | Goles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 World Cup Soccer/Football | Hungary | Switzerland | Subfield | 5 | 4 |
| 1962 World Cup Soccer/Football | Spain | Chile | First phase | 3 | 0 |
- 1954: He played the World Cup with Hungary.
- 1962: He played the World Cup with Spain.
Statistical summary
| Competition | Parties | Goles | Average | Assistance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Division | 529 | 514 | 0.97 | 155 |
| Second Division | 3 | 5 | 1.25 | 5 |
| National Cups (*) | 52 | 66 | 1.27 | 31 |
| International Cups (**) | 47 | 41 | 0.90 | 22 |
| Hungarian Selection | 85 | 84 | 0.99 | 34 |
| Spanish Selection | 4 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 |
| TOTAL | 720 | 709 | 0.99 | 248 |
- (*) Includes Hungarian Cup (17 goals) and King Cup (49 goals).
- (**) Includes Club Cup European Champions (36 goals), Intercontinental Cup (2 goals), Mitropa Cup (3 goals).
Trajectory as a coach
Palmares and distinctions
In addition to the one indicated below, the player was runner-up in the World Cup in 1954, and in the European Cup in 1962 and 1964.
National Championships
International Championships
| Title | Equipment | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Balkan Cup | 1947 | |
| 1952 | ||
| Central European Cup | 1953 |
| Title | Club | Year |
|---|---|---|
| European Cup | 1959 | |
| European Cup | 1960 | |
| Intercontinental Cup | 1960 | |
| European Cup | 1966 |
The official status of the Little Club World Cup in 1956 is not clear.
Individual awards
| Distinction | Year |
|---|---|
| Maximum Hungarian League Goleador | 1948, 1950, 1951, 1953 |
| Maximum winner of the Central European International Cup | 1953 |
| Pichichichi Trophy to the Spanish League Goler | 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964 |
| Maximum Intercontinental Cup Goler | 1960 |
| UEFA Silver Ball | 1960 |
| Maximum European Cup Goler | 1960, 1964 |
| Proclamated maximum scorer of the centuryXX. for IFFHS | 1995 |
| Maximum scorer in the history of the Hungarian football selection | 2000 |
| Chosen maximum scorer of the centuryXX. by FIFA | 2004 |
| Chosen as one of the 125 best living football players in history (FIFA 100) | 2004 |
| Named the Best Hungarian Soccerer in History - IFFHS | 2006 |
| Chosen the 6th Best Footballer of the World of the 20th Century | 2006 |
| Chosen the 4th Best European Footballer of the 20th Century | 2006 |
| Chosen the 2nd best scorer in the History of First Division Tournaments | 2006 |
| Predecessor: | Technical Director of Colo-Colo 1977 | Successor: |
| Predecessor: | Technical Director of Cerro Porteño 1986 | Successor: |
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