Eastern Leonese

Asturleonian Dialects

The eastern Leonese is a variant of Astur-Leonese within the northwestern dialect continuum of the Iberian Peninsula, of which it is a dialectal block of two substandard varieties:

• the clink
• the shudder

Historical, social and cultural aspects

He studied it for the first time on the ground and coined its name Ramón Menéndez Pidal although he also included eastern Asturian under the name of eastern Leonese, as reflected in his book El dialecto leones published in 1960 and as a monograph in a journal of philological studies in 1907.

Variants

Its main variants are the mountaineer or Cantabrian and the high Extremaduran. Despite the geographical fragmentation, the existence of common linguistic phenomena demonstrate the identity of the two variants.

Current use

The closeness to Spanish, its dominant position, and the stigmatization by Spanish-speakers with a lack of linguistic knowledge who often perceive Eastern Leonese as a form of "badly spoken" Spanish, united The lack of linguistic awareness of the Leonophones led to the creation of interlects between Eastern Leonese and Castilian, their progressive Castilianization or the definitive abandonment by their speakers. It is recognized in Castilla y León in its recent statute of autonomy as a Leonese language, in this region it is spoken in the southwest of the province of Salamanca in El Rebollar (Extremaduran variety) and in the north of Palencia and Burgos (Cantabrian variety)..

In Cantabria they are trying to have it declared an Asset of Cultural Interest.

Linguistic description

Eastern Leonese is the result of direct evolution from Late Latin with a Celtic substratum and not from Spanish since, in some aspects, Eastern Leonese retains archaic features that were lost in Castilian.

Comparison with Spanish and Eastern Asturian

However, despite being an autonomous linguistic variety of Spanish, it presents an important number of similarities, partly due to retention of Proto-Ibero-Romance, partly due to a sprachbund effect to the Influenced by adstratus and convergent linguistic changes or contact between languages, it shares many features with Spanish: paso de "š" to "j" (i.e. /ʃ/ > /x/):

(proto-iberorromance) ♪ dead ▪ mušer (leon. or.) woman / (cast.) woman

coju / Fuck.

It also shares with Spanish the diphthongization of the short Latin vowels "e" and "or":

door/door

Share with the eastern Asturian the result in "h" aspirated from ancient "f" latina e.g. facer/jacer but differs from it by the bundle of isoglosses muer/mujer;coxu/coju;y,yos/li,lis and el mio padri/el mi padri, it differs from western Leonese apart from the aspiration of the old & #34;f" Latin and the aforementioned isoglosses of Eastern Asturian also for not having decreasing diphthongs or "ll" vaqueira, the eastern Leonese and the western Leonese are not in contact.

Cantabria and Alto Extremadura

The Cantabrian and the Alto Extremadura have in common:

• conservation of the old - Hey. non-paragogic etymological: rede / network
• the use of the article with the possessive: your house 'Your house'
• the conservation of the Latin group -mb- Lamber 'lamer'
• growing diptongation: work 'culebrate'
• the closing of the vowels - and - Hey.: perru "dog" and sti ' East'
• the epentesis of yod: urnia 'urna'
• the palatization of the l and the n initials: llastra 'lastra' and Navi 'snow' (this last feature in recess is used in very few words)
• the apocope of e in the third person of singular indicative present: naz 'nace'
• deletion -r of the infinitive before an atonous pronoun: vendelu 'Bring him.'

Although both varieties usually use perfect stems to make gerunds, only the Cantabrian uses perfect stems for imperfect forms had 'had'.

Characteristics typical only of Alto Extremadura are:

• the neutralization of the opposition "-l/-r" in implosive position, at the end of syllable, in favor of the "l":peol/peor,muhel/woman
• the sounding of the "z":head/head

Characteristics typical only of the Cantabrian are:

• the neutral of matter: clothes vieju/old clothes

Even having the same identity, either due to repopulations or parallel phonetic evolutions (evolution of the Latin "f" to an aspirated sound), the Cantabrian and Extremaduran in practice are independent entities with no relation to each other Among them, there has been some attempt to unify the literary language that did not come to fruition, perhaps due to the differences in the lexicon in which they differ greatly due to their geographical distance and also due to the influence of neighboring languages.