Drink
Drink is any liquid that is ingested. The most consumed drink is water. Other examples are alcoholic beverages, soft drinks, infusions or juices. In Chile, soft drinks are called drinks exclusively.
Since their main purpose is drinks to quench thirst, the consumption of certain drinks, especially spirits, has been linked not infrequently to the celebration of religious rituals (take, for example, the Eucharist of the Catholic rite), being its consumption today, perhaps as a reminiscence of those rites, very frequent in social gatherings and celebrations.
If the drink is made from ingredients that are "unpalatable" to the taste, it is also called a concoction.
Types of drinks
Water
Water is necessary for the survival of all organisms, including humans. The human body is made up of between 55% and 78% water, depending on its measurements and complexion. It is a crucial component in the body's metabolic processes, where it acts as a solvent. To avoid disorders, the body needs about two to three liters of water a day; the exact amount will vary based on activity level, temperature, humidity, and other factors. Most of this water is absorbed with food or drinks - not strictly water. The exact amount of water a healthy individual should drink has not been determined, although a majority of experts consider that 6-7 glasses of water per day (approximately two liters) is the minimum necessary to maintain adequate hydration. The medical literature advocates a lower consumption, typically one liter of water per day for an adult male individual, excluding other possible requirements due to fluid loss caused by high temperatures or physical exercise.
Alcoholic beverages
An alcoholic beverage is a beverage that contains ethanol (ethyl alcohol).
Based on the preparation, a distinction can be made between beverages produced by alcoholic fermentation (wine, beer, mead, sake) in which the alcohol content does not exceed 18-20 degrees, and those produced by distillation, generally from a fermentation product (liqueurs, spirits, among others).
Fizzy Drinks
The locution "carbonated drink" is used to refer to those hydrocarbonated and non-alcoholic drinks that are usually consumed cold. The most common drinks are soda, cola, lemonade, iced tea, slush, and punch. Many fizzy drinks are available in a sugar-free version.
Hot drinks
This generally includes many of those considered stimulating drinks, such as different types of coffee, tea or mate, as well as other types of infusions and drinks such as hot chocolate, which may also include hot milk.
Sports or isotonic drinks
They are drinks that contain carbohydrates for athletes and have a great rehydration capacity.
Stimulant drinks
Energy or hypertonic drinks
Energy drinks are drinks that contain elements such as caffeine or taurine and that stimulate the nervous system.
Squeezed fruits
Squeezed fruits create drinks rich in vitamins and nutrients.
Production
A beverage is a form of liquid that has been prepared for human consumption. Preparation can include a number of different steps, some prior to transportation, others immediately prior to consumption.
Water purification
Water is the main component of all drinks, and the main ingredient of most. The water is purified before consumption. Purification methods include filtration and the addition of chemicals, such as chlorination. The World Health Organization highlights the importance of purified water and points out that 94% of deaths from diarrhea - the third leading cause of infectious death worldwide, with 1.8 million a year - could be avoided by improving the quality of the environment of the victims, particularly drinking water
Pasteurization
Pasteurization is the process of heating a liquid for a period of time to a certain temperature and immediately cooling it. The process reduces the growth of microorganisms in the liquid, thus increasing the time before it goes bad. It is used primarily with milk, which prior to pasteurization is often infected with pathogenic bacteria and is therefore more likely to cause disease than any other component of the diet common in the developed world.
Juice extraction
First developed in the Middle Ages, basket presses have a long history of use in winemaking.
The process of extracting juice from fruits and vegetables can take many forms. Simply crushing most fruits will provide a significant amount of liquid, although more intense pressure can be applied to extract the maximum amount of juice from the fruit. Both crushing and pressing are processes used in wine production.
Infusion
Infusion is the process of extracting flavors from plant material by allowing the material to remain suspended within the water. This process is used in the production of teas, infusions and can be used to prepare coffee (when using a coffee press).
Percolation
The name derives from the word “percolate”, which means to pass (a solvent) through a permeable substance, especially to extract a soluble constituent[18] In the case of coffee making, the solvent is the water, the permeable substance is the coffee grounds, and the soluble constituents are the chemical compounds that give coffee its color, flavor, aroma, and stimulating properties.
Carbonation
Carbonation is the process of dissolving carbon dioxide in a liquid, such as water.
Fermentation
Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar into ethanol. Fermentation has been used by humans for the production of beverages since the Neolithic. In winemaking, grape juice is combined with yeast in an anaerobic environment to allow fermentation. The amount of sugar in the wine and the length of fermentation determine the alcohol level and sweetness of the wine.
There are four main ingredients in brewing beer: water, grain, yeast, and hops. The grain is stimulated to germinate by soaking and heat-drying it, a process known as malting. It is then ground before being soaked again to release the sugars necessary for fermentation. This process is known as maceration. Hops are added for flavoring, and then yeast is added to the mash (now called wort) to start the fermentation process.
Distillation
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on the differences in volatility of the components of a boiling liquid mixture. It is one of the methods used in water purification. It is also a method of producing liqueurs from milder alcoholic beverages.
Mixing
A mixed alcoholic drink that contains two or more ingredients is called a cocktail. Originally, cocktails were a mixture of spirits, sugar, water, and other more or less bitter ingredients. The term is now used for almost any mixed drink containing alcohol, including mixers, mixed shots, etc. A cocktail today in day usually contains one or more types of spirits and one or more ingredients, such as soda or fruit juice. Additional ingredients can be sugar, honey, milk, cream, and various herbs.