Doctors Colony

The Doctores colony is a neighborhood and area of the Cuauhtémoc mayor's office, in Mexico City. It is considered one of the first colonies of the city. Originally, it bore the names Colonia de la Indianilla and Colonia Hidalgo.

Location

It is located south of the territorial demarcation known as (Cuauhtémoc mayor's office) of Mexico City, delimited: to the north, by Chapultepec avenue, Arcos de Belén avenue and the Historic Center of Mexico City; to the south, along axis 3 South Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto and through the Buenos Aires neighborhood; to the west, along the 1 Poniente axis (Cuauhtémoc Avenue) and the Roma neighborhood, and to the east through the Lázaro Cárdenas Central Axis and the Obrera neighborhood (its southeastern corner touches the northwestern corner of the Algarín neighborhood, where the train station is located). metro Lázaro Cárdenas).

Nomenclature

The streets of the colony are named after prominent Mexican doctors of the 19th century.

History

In 1889, Francisco Lascuráin asked the City Council to allow him to form a colony on the land he owned called La Indianilla (in the 1850 Report it is called “Indianillas”), located to the south from the Bethlehem Garita. A large portion of land was acquired by the Tram Company to store its cars. Lascuráin's management having been suspended, the corresponding file was lost. According to a chronicler, “an Indian woman named María Clara, who had several properties, sold some to Father Domingo Pérez Barcia, who around 1675 built a small chaplaincy in the area today known as Indianilla. The Indians María Concepción and María Paula did the same; For this reason, over time they called the place Indianillas.” In 1895, C. M. Stewart, on behalf of The Mexican City Property Syndicate Limited, presented a course to the City Council proposing to divide up the aforementioned Indianilla land.

On December 26, 1889, the proposed conditions were accepted. Streets of the neighborhood: from north to south, some of Carmona and Valle, Dr. Lucio and Héroes; from east to west, Dr. Río de la Loza and Dr. Lavista. Officially it was called Colonia Hidalgo (before the Testamentary of Escandón and Indianilla), but it is known by its current name because its avenues and streets are dedicated to doctors. The first houses in the north of this colony were built during the times of the viceroyalty, although none of them survive today. The Campo Florido Pantheon was located on the periphery of the temple, in the block that includes the streets of Dr. Vértiz, Dr. Pascua, Dr. Andrade and Dr. Lavista. The term "Campo Florido" It was very common to refer to pantheons. It is worth mentioning that the sister of the Cuban hero José Martí was buried in said pantheon, since she died during the Martí family's stay in Mexico. Currently, only the building that used to be the entrance to the pantheon remains. The cemetery, closed to worship in 1878, was founded in 1846 by the priest Pedro Rangel.

Starting in 1880, Ramón Guzmán, promoter of urban transport of trams pulled by mules, established his tram repair yards on the land known as Indianilla, and where today the Attorney General's Office is based. D.F., the Superior Court of Justice of the Federal District and the Treasury of the Federal District. In 1898 the Mexican Electric Tansway began the change of lines for the introduction of the electric tram system called troley, a service that began on January 15, 1900. The land of Indianilla continued to serve as a yard and workshops during several years, after which they were dismantled. In 1889, Pedro Serrano began the formal subdivision of a property that began at the Garita del Niño Perdido and ended shortly before the Calzada de la Piedad (today, Cuauhtémoc Avenue). This avenue occupies the route of the old road built by Viceroy Juan de Mendoza y Luna in the first decade of the 17th century to unite Mexico City with the town of La Piedad, which occupied an area that corresponds today to where they are located. the National Medical Center, the IMSS baseball park (today Parque Delta shopping center) and 8a. Police delegation. A section of this avenue was formerly called Paseo de la Azanza, and began at the Garita de Belén, at the height of Chapultepec Avenue, continuing along some streets towards the south.^{[citation required ]}

In February 1905, the General Hospital of Mexico was founded in the colony, a project that began to be developed in 1880, with the aim of having a hospital with the most modern healthcare architecture of the time, non-combustible, with pavilions independent, ventilated and easy to clean and disinfect. At that time, the city's hospitals were in the center of the city and occupied buildings that dated back to the viceroyalty.

To this date, it is the headquarters of the Siglo XXI Medical Center, as well as the General Hospital. It is also one of the areas with a crime rate (theft of auto parts), which is why the D.F. Attorney's Office Embedding Center was installed in Eje 3 Sur Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, in what was previously a hotel. ^{[citation required]}

It was, along with the Roma neighborhood, one of the neighborhoods most affected by the earthquake of September 19 and 20, 1985.

Historical buildings

In the Doctores neighborhood, there are several important historical monuments, of which the Temple of Belén de los Mercedarios stands out, built in the century XVIII and located on Arcos de Belén Avenue. Also worth mentioning are the workshops at the Indianilla station, the house of Porfirio Díaz, on Dr. Jiménez Street, and the complex of buildings that house the Escuela Libre de Derecho, on Dr. Río de la Loza, which are They were originally built to be an army barracks, as well as the complex of buildings that houses the University of London, on Dr. Vértiz Street, originally built by the engineer Miguel Ángel de Quevedo to house an asylum.^{[ citation required]}

Other notable places

Main monuments

Name	Image	Description
Parish of Our Lady of the Dolores "Flood Path"		It was rebuilt in 1934. The original church was canyoned during the events of the so-called Tragic Tenth in 1913, as can be seen in the compilation of films made by Salvador Toscano (known as Memories of a Mexican). The present church has beautiful stained glass windows that, commanded to make ex-prophesy, in Germany, by the R. P. Zeferino Maldonado Bojoges, represent the 13 stations of the Via Crucis. The temple was severely damaged in the earthquakes of 19 and 20 September 1985 but, thanks to the efforts of the priest Fray Andrés Rosas de la Vega, the temple was prevented from being closed to worship. To the date of this article, the temple is in restoration, especially the main altar.
Temple of Bethlehem of Merchants		Founded in 1626 by the Order of Merced due to the efforts of an Indian named María Clara. In 1686 he ceased to be a convent to become a College for the religious of the order. Only the temple remains, since the school was closed in the middle of the centuryXIX as an effect of the Laws of Reform; its facilities were demolished, and the lands were demolished and sold to individuals.
School Center Revolution		Located on the ground of what was the dreadful Jail of Bethlehem, it has kínder, primary and secondary, and was built in 1934. It has interesting murals produced by distinguished Diego Rivera disciples and stained glass windows produced by Fermín Revols. President Abelardo L. Rodríguez inaugurated it, although the hand of General Lázaro Cárdenas is already noticed, since in the central mural there is an allegory of how the dark forces (oligarchy, the Church) are defeated by socialist education; hands hold a sickle and a hammer. Outside there is a statue that represents a teacher with several children, and at the base, the motto: "Educing is redeeming."
Free School of Law		It is the second oldest in the country in this branch, after the Faculty of Law of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The Free School of Law since its founding in 1912 has had as its exclusive mission, the teaching of law, in an environment of free chair, alien to any political or religious cult or ideology
Posada del Sol		Built during the 1940s to be operating as a luxury hotel and artistic center by the engineer Fernando Saldaña Galván, The project would have about six hundred rooms and residences distributed along six buildings arranged around gardens, patios, fountains, terraces and high viewpoints with casino, theater, cinema, canteen, chapel, Turkish bath, shops, restaurants, galleries, tea, dance and music. The project could not be concluded because of economic problems and the building remains abandoned
Indian station		It was as was known to the assembly of assembly workshops and maintenance of electric cars inaugurated on January 15, 1900 by Porfirio Díaz, which worked until the 1950s, when the tranviary service required updating. From December 2006, in Dr. Claudio Bernard N° 111, almost corner with Av. Children Heroes, this property was rescued from ruins and oblivion and turned into a state-of-the-art cultural center. The enclosure simultaneously houses two large galleries, art exhibitions and video samples. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that there have been exhibitions of Leonora Carrington, Alberto Blanco and Patricia Legarde, and it is also one of the few places that allow the diffusion of video art, using its walls as giant screens to expose the creativity of artists of this genre. In the basement you will find the "French Museum" Toy-Arte-Objeto, in which pieces of artists such as Alberto Castro Leñero, Ángel Fermín Vizuet and Francisco Toledo have been presented, among others. Finally, at the top there is a small restaurant-bar and a library.
Televisa Chapultepec		Facilities rebuilt also after the earthquakes of 19 and 20 September 1985, according to the chronicle made by Jacobo Zabludowsky on these unfortunate events.
Arena Mexico		For a little more than fifty years it was inaugurated, on Dr. Lavista, the Mexican Arena, recognized as "the cathedral of the free struggle in Mexico", an enclosure that has witnessed countless epic battles. Every Tuesday and Friday the “Germans of Good” fight the characters who represent the country’s rudeness. In this place, most of the legends of the Mexican Free Fight have initiated or potentialized their career. It was also the venue, during the 19th 1968 Olympic Games, of competitions of box and grecorrome struggle.
Hidalgo Market		One of the oldest in the city and so called in honor of the old name of this colony. The market is located between the streets of Dr. Balmis, Dr. Andrade and Dr. Barragan. In this place, where you can find it from toys and commodities to cravings, it is famous among workers who are engaged in the crafts of electricians and plumbers. In December of each year, the place is very popular, for the food stalls and night cravings placed on Dr. Balmis and the sale of Kings on January 6.
"The Daughter of the Apaches"		It is the most popular pulqueria of the colony Doctors and one of the most traditional in Mexico City. It is located on Dr. Claudio Bernard Street, near Arena Mexico. With more than 60 years in service, the place has been characterized by its hospitality, the quality of its pulque and the diversity of social classes, trades and professions of its visitors.
Attorney General of the Federal District		popularly known as The bunker, located in the building that was originally the headquarters of the National Commission of Free Text Books (Conaliteg), before it was moved to Queretaro in 1994.
Other sites of interest		Casa de Porfirio Díaz, on Dr. Jiménez Street.

• Also as a result of the earthquakes of 19 and 20 September 1985, most of the buildings of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security, as well as the Federal Labour Board, which had been built in 1954 and 1970 respectively, were broken down and were located at the corner of Dr. Vetiz and Dr Avenue. Rio de la Loza.
• The 21st Century National Medical Center, the General Hospital of Mexico, the "Federico Gómez" Children's Hospital, all built in the 1940s and 1950s, when the colony was the heart of the city's hospital services, a place that today occupies the so-called San Fernando Hospital Zone, in the Tlalpan delegation, south of the city.^{[chuckles]required]}
• The hotel La Posada del Sol, in Avenue Kids Heroes 139, built by the engineer Francisco Saldaña Galván in 1945. Built in art deco and art nouveau styles, consisting of 15 buildings and more than 500 rooms and with an area of 7734.25 square meters, it was never finished, and it was expropriated during the government of Miguel Alemán Valdés.

Gastronomy

The representative dish of the Doctores neighborhood is the Indianilla-style broth, which had its origin at the beginning of the XX century in the vicinity of the Indianilla workshops and that today is incorporated into Mexican cuisine recipe books and restaurant menus.

The Doctors in Art colony

The Indianilla station was captured by the painter Fermín Revueltas in his painting La Indianilla, one of his most representative works.

Illustrious residents

• Francisco Cabañas (1912-2002) Boxer, was the first Mexican Olympic medalist. He won the silver medal at the 1932 Olympic Games. He lived in Dr. Navarro 28
• Kalimba Marichal (1982) Composer, actor, and singer, lived in the colony during his childhood and adolescence.
• Silvestre Revols (1891-1940) Composer, violinist and orchestra director.