District of San Miguel (Lima)

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Institución Educativa Emblematic Bartolomé Herrera.

The district of San Miguel is one of the forty-three districts that make up the province of Lima, located in the department of the same name, in Peru. It limits to the north with the district of Bellavista, constitutional province of Callao and with the district of Lima; to the east with the districts of Pueblo Libre and Magdalena del Mar; to the south with the Pacific Ocean; and to the west with the district of La Perla, constitutional province of Callao.

According to their economic income, the population of San Miguel belongs to a high and medium-high socioeconomic level. It is located in the western area of Lima. It was founded on May 10, 1920 and its administration is exercised by the District Municipality of San Miguel, whose mayor for the period 2023-2026 is again Eduardo Bless.

History

Pre-Hispanic period

Between the years 100 to 600 AD. C. the Lima culture developed in the current Sanmiguelino territory, it built an important citadel with hundreds of houses and numerous temples. Between the years 900 and 1100, the Wari population descended from Huancavelica and Ayacucho, a brave and hardworking people who dedicated themselves to agriculture, fishing and adobe construction.^{[citation required]} Then, from the 12th century until the arrival of the Spanish, the curacazgo of Maranga (Quechua: Place where corn is ground) flourished, led by the Curaca Don Diego Chayavilca. The religion of the Marangas is the same as that of the other Lima cultures, based in Pachacámac. It even dates that the oracle of Rimac was located in the Huaca Tres Palos de San Miguel.

Viceregal Period

The history of the Magdalena dates back to the times of the curaca Taulichusco, for being part of his lordship.

The territory that the People of Magdalena occupied during the Viceroyalty, included the current districts of Pueblo Libre, Miraflores, Breña, Magdalena del Mar, San Miguel, Jesús María, Carmen de la Legua-Reynoso, as well as part Bellavista and Cercado de Lima. Over time various parts were absorbed by the creation of new haciendas and new districts.

Republican Era

During the first years of the Republic, San Miguel, Pueblo Libre (formerly Magdalena Vieja) and Magdalena del Mar made up a single district: La Gran Magdalena, divided into haciendas, farms, farms and stables, such as the Pando estate (of the Riva Agüero Family, later it was donated) and the Maranga farm (current residential areas).

Foundation

San Miguel was created as a town on May 10, 1920 by Law No. 4101, with Augusto B. Leguía being President of the Republic. Through this decree the district of Magdalena is divided into three: San Miguel, Magdalena del Mar and Magdalena Vieja (today Pueblo Libre). At that time the distance from San Miguel to Lima was estimated at 8 kilometers. They were forgers and founders of this sober and elegant town: Federico Gallese and Juan Bertolotto, who built large houses.

Geography

The district of San Miguel is located to the west of Lima, in the center-north zone of the area known as Lima Centro, forming part of the modern districts. It limits to the north, with the district of Bellavista, constitutional province of Callao and the district of Lima, through Venezuela avenue; to the east, with the districts of Pueblo Libre and Magdalena del Mar, through the avenues Universitaria, La Marina and other streets; to the south, with the Pacific Ocean; and to the west, with the district of La Perla, constitutional province of Callao, through Los Insurgentes avenue and other minor roads. Its location, to the west of downtown Lima, makes it a link between the hotel districts and the south of the city with the Callao maritime terminal and the Jorge Chávez International Airport.

Northwest: Bellavista	North: Bellavista / Near Lima	Northeast: Near Lima
West: The Pearl		This: Free People
Southwest: Pacific Ocean	South: Pacific Ocean	Sureste: Magdalena del Mar

Urban structure

Most of the land in the district is used as medium-density housing, while commercial areas are developed especially along La Marina, Universitaria and Elmer Faucett avenues. At the intersection of the first two is located the Plaza San Miguel shopping center, which houses the Wong supermarket and anchor stores such as Ripley and Falabella. Also, on Avenida La Marina is the Open Plaza La Marina shopping center.

The district houses the university campus of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and a headquarters of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences, as well as schools such as Claretian, Peruvian Chino Diez de Octubre, Peruvian Chino Juan XXIII, San Charbel, the Cristiano Buenas Nuevas, the Bartolomé Herrera educational institution, the Mis Primeros Pasos cradle garden, the América de San Miguel school, the San Marcelo and the Claret.

It also houses important institutes such as the Peruvian North American Cultural Institute (ICPNA), the British Peruvian Cultural Association, the Confucius Institute of Catholic Languages (PUCP). In addition, the district has a House of Culture, a Claro Convention Center and the most important zoo in the country known as Parque de las Leyendas. Previously it housed the Home Fair site, which today has commercial and residential use.

There are also notable parks such as Parque Juan Pablo II, Media Luna Park, Juan XXIII, Sagrada Familia and Parque del Trabajo. On the other hand, it has a skatepark, a boardwalk, a boulevard and various other attractions.

Demographics

In the population census carried out in 2017, San Miguel had a population figure of 137,247 inhabitants, with a density of 12,803 inhabitants per square kilometer. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, 65% of the district of San Miguel corresponds to households belonging to a high economic stratum where per capita income exceeds 2,400 soles, while the remaining 35% corresponds to a medium-high stratum with income between 1,450 and 2,400 soles. It is one of the districts with the highest attractive real estate for carrying out multi-family housing projects, with more than 2,000 apartments on offer in January 2021.