Dependent territory

Gibraltar Government Building, a British unit located on the Iberian Peninsula. On its front the local flag and the British flag

Dependent territory, dependent area or dependency are legal terms used in public international law to describe a type of relationship between two territories in which the Government of one of them (the metropolis) for various reasons and regulations has acquired some type of legal responsibility over the Government of another territory (the dependent territory).

Introduction to the concept of dependent territory

In stricto sensu a dependent territory must have a separate legal system from the territory that has responsibility for it. In this sense, a dependency is commonly distinguished from the territorial subdivisions of a country by not being considered as an integral part of that country. The Encyclopedia Britannica defines a dependency as "a weak state dominated by or under the jurisdiction of a more powerful state but not formally annexed by it."

San Miguel Beach, in the Northeast Puerto Rico Ecological Corridor, a free state associated with the United States

The concept is also often used in lato sensu to include other non-metropolitan territories that are subject to special circumstances, that according to the different legal and constitutional systems, those territories can be considered part of whole of a sovereign country. Due to the lack of international regulations that define what is or is not a dependent territory, it is common for territories that are legally integrated into a certain country to be included in their catalogues, but due to special circumstances, such as physical separation of their metropolis, their administrative status sui generis or their colonial past, are generally seen as differentiated. This is the case of territories of countries such as France, China, Finland, the Netherlands and Australia, which are partially included in catalogs such as The World Factbook of the Central Intelligence Agency, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty from the State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research (both from the United States), ISO 3166 and United Nations UNdata country codes. Many agencies have their own currency and are listed in the catalog of ISO 4217. Dependent territories usually have a reserved Internet domain (country code top-level domain) and a different telephone prefix than their home country. In some cases they are admitted to international sports organizations such as the IOC, FIFA and FIBA.

In both senses, dependent territories have generally in the past been considered colonies by their metropolises. The negative implications of the word colony led to the gradual use of the expression dependent territory after World War II. Since 1981 it acquired greater preponderance after the United Kingdom Government used it in the British Nationality Act, discriminating between the nationality of citizens of the United Kingdom and that of the British Dependent Territories.

Except in associated states, dependent territories do not have full political independence, as do sovereign states, since the exercise of sovereignty is retained by their metropolises. In some cases, however, they have the right to transform themselves into sovereign states if they wish. In other cases they can only acquire independence and sovereignty if the metropolis allows it, which is sometimes provided for in legal regulations. The degree of self-government found in the dependent territories is very varied and there are some that have acquired such a degree of autonomy (associated states) that allows them to exercise some type of diplomatic relations with other states and international organizations, as a general rule, without However, the exercise of foreign relations and the defense of dependent territories is exercised by its metropolis.

Although there are dependent territories that have a large population, most correspond to sparsely populated islands that cannot sustain an autonomous government and even some that lack a native population, so their governments are exercised entirely by their metropolises. There are also those that have been constitutionally equal to their metropolises and are united under the same monarchy with the name of constituent countries. In general, the dependencies enjoy fewer administrative and political rights than the administrative subunits of their metropolis, which varies according to the level of dependency in the territory. In some cases the dependent territory has been constituted by international agreements and the exercise of sovereignty over it is limited by those agreements. Some dependent territories are affected by territorial disputes. A special case is that of Antarctica, over which some countries claim territories considered dependencies that are subject to the provisions of the Antarctic Treaty.

Partial view of the island of Bora Bora, in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France located in the south of the Pacific Ocean

The term dependency is also used by 5 countries to refer to 8 marginal island territories that comprise them, without being considered dependent territories, either legally or by customary use of the term in the international arena: Antigua and Barbuda (Barbuda, Redonda), Grenada (Carriacou and Little Martinique), Fiji (Rotuma), Mauritius (Agalega, Cargados Carajos, Rodrigues) and Venezuela (Federal Dependencies).

Non-Self-Governing Territories according to the United Nations

The United Nations maintains a list of non-self-governing territories (or 'non-self-governing', according to the English form) that should be subject to a decolonization process, which was initially prepared with 72 territories in 1946 in accordance with Article XI of the United Nations Charter. This list is updated by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Special Committee on Decolonization.

The list is subject to controversy, among other reasons because it includes territories that have democratically decided their current status or have effective self-government. The list also includes the territory of Western Sahara, which, pending a self-determination referendum, is mostly under Moroccan military occupation, while Mauritania occupies without claiming the population of La Güera and the rest of the territory is partially dominated by the recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The administering power, Spain, informed the General Secretariat of the United Nations on February 26, 1976 that it was renouncing its rights and obligations over the territory, without having previously agreed with the United Nations on the transfer of sovereignty it made to Morocco and Mauritania.. The list, names, clarifications and data that appear on the United Nations website (without the flags), updated as of August 17, 2020, is as follows:

Territory	administering State	Surface (km2)	Population (i)	Included in the list of Non-Self-Governing Territories
Western Sahara	(ii)	266 000	582 000	From 1963
AnguillaAnguilla	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	96	15 397	From 1946
BermudaBermuda	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	53.35	63 921	From 1946
British Virgin Islands	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	153	31 197	From 1946
Cayman Islands	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	264	65 813	From 1946
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (iii)	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	12 173	Approximately 3200	From 1946
MontserratMontserrat	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	103	4649	From 1946
Saint Helena	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	310	5467	From 1946
Turks and Caicos Islands	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	948.2	42 953	From 1946
United States Virgin Islands	United States	352	105 000	From 1946
Gibraltar	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	5.8	34 003	From 1946
American SamoaAmerican Samoa	United States	200	60 300	From 1946
French PolynesiaFrench Polynesia	France	3600	276 300	1946-1947 and from 2013
GuamGuam	United States	540	163 875	From 1946
New CaledoniaNew Caledonia	France	18 575	268 767	1946-1947 and from 1986
Pitcairn Islands	United KingdomUnited Kingdom	35.5	43	From 1946
Tokelau	New ZealandNew Zealand	12.2	1499	From 1946

(i). All data comes from the 2018 working papers on Non-Self-Governing Territories prepared by the United Nations Secretariat and, in the case of Western Sahara, from UNdata, a database of the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic Affairs. and Social Security of the United Nations.

(ii). On February 26, 1976, Spain informed the Secretary General that, on that date, the Spanish Government definitively terminated its presence in the Sahara Territory and considered it necessary to record that Spain considered itself henceforth released from any responsibility for international character in relation to the administration of said Territory, upon ceasing its participation in the temporary administration that had been established for it. In 1990, the General Assembly reaffirmed that the question of Western Sahara was a decolonization problem to be resolved by the people of Western Sahara.

(iii). There is a sovereignty dispute between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (see ST/CS/SER.A/42).

Lists of dependent territories

Cook Islands, a free association State to New Zealand

The following tables list the territories grouped according to their metropolis and expressing in each case their particular situation.

Kingdom of New Zealand

The Kingdom of New Zealand is a collection of 5 entities, one of which is New ZealandNew Zealand. There are two states in free association with New Zealand, whose status is equivalent to that of independent countries for purposes of international law and that have diplomatic relations with some countries and make up specialized agencies of the United Nations, although constitutionally they are not formally sovereign. They have the right at any time to move towards total independence through unilateral action. There are also two territories, one of which is an Antarctic claim and the other is autonomous and subject to decolonization. New Zealand citizenship is common for the 5 entities of the kingdom, although the inhabitants of the two associated states also have their own nationality. According to the New Zealand Government, while sharing New Zealand citizenship, associated states are not considered independent countries by New Zealand.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Cook IslandsCook Islands (Cook Islands)	236.7	17 434 (cense 2016)	Head of State: Monarch of New Zealand, represented by the representative of the monarch. Head of Government: Prime Minister, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Cook Islands Parliament (24 elected members). There is also the Chamber of Ariki (24 members appointed by the representative of the monarch). Higher judiciary: Supreme Court of the Cook Islands and Court of Appeal, appeals beyond the Cook Islands go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council without passing through New Zealand courts.	Self-government in free association with New Zealand, under the Cook Islands Constitution Act 1964 of the New Zealand Parliament, which sanctioned the Cook Islands Constitution previously adopted in referendum (the last amendment in 2004), ceding the New Zealand legislative authority in the Cook Islands.. Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs, but New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defence in consultation with the Cook Islands. He used the New Zealand dollar, but until April 1995 he also issued the Cook Islands dollar in parity with it, which ceased to have a legal course on 30 April 2016. By November 2018 the Cook Islands had established diplomatic relations with the European Union and 52 countries, including Kosovo, New Zealand and Niue (although they include New Zealand, the United States, France and Israel that do not recognize them as a sovereign State). They also have consular relations with 3 countries. The United Nations recognized the Cook Islands ' ability to sign international treaties in 1992 and has signed boundary treaties with the United States and France.	CK
NiueNiue (Niue)	261.46	1719 (cense 2017)	Head of State: Monarch of New Zealand, represented by the Governor General of New Zealand (non-resident). Head of Government: Premier, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Niue Assembly (20 elected members). Higher judiciary: Court of Appeal, appeals beyond Niue go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council without passing through New Zealand courts.	Self-government in free association with New Zealand, under the Niue Constitution Act 1974 of the New Zealand Parliament, which sanctioned the Niue Constitution previously adopted in referendum (last amendment in 2007), cesing the New Zealand legislative authority in Niue. Niue is fully responsible for internal affairs, but New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defence; however, these responsibilities do not confer control rights and are exercised only at the request of the Government of Niue. Although it uses the New Zealand dollar it also emits its own metal coins in parity with it (the Niue dollar). By July 2021 Niue had established diplomatic relations with the European Union and with 23 countries, including Kosovo, New Zealand and Cook Islands (although they include New Zealand, France and Israel that do not recognize it as a sovereign State). The United Nations recognized Niue ' s ability to sign international treaties in 1994 and has signed a maritime boundary treaty with the United States.	UN
Tokelau (Tokelau)	12	1647 (Stim. 2019)	Head of State: Monarch of New Zealand, represented by an administrator named by the New Zealand Government. Head of Government: Head of Government, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: General Fono de Tokelau (20 elected members). Higher judiciary: New Zealand Supreme Court and New Zealand Court of Appeal.	New Zealand self-administered territory under the Tokelau Islands Act 1948 New Zealand Parliament (the last amendment in 1986). Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed on a draft constitution as Tokelau moves towards free association with New Zealand, but a UN-sponsored referendum on self-government in October 2007 did not achieve the two-thirds majority vote necessary to change political status. It has no own currency and uses the New Zealand dollar.	TK
Ross Unit (Ross Dependency)	450 000	No native population. 10 to 80 non-permanent New Zealanders. There are permanent and non-permanent of other countries.	Head of State: Monarch of New Zealand, represented by the Governor General of New Zealand. Executive branch: Governor of the Ross Unit (New Zealand Governor-General), who appoints a resident government officer (Chief of the Scott base). Legislative branch: New Zealand Parliament by delegation of the general governor. Judiciary: New Zealand courts (without jurisdiction over nationals of Antarctic Treaty member countries.	Territory claimed by New Zealand in Antarctica on behalf of the monarch. administered by the Government of New Zealand under the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959), the Ross Dependency Boundaries and Government Order in Council 1923 of the British Government and Antarctic Act 1960 New Zealand Parliament. However, no British law transferred the Ross Unit to New Zealand, the Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General of New Zealand of 1983 were signed by the queen and establish that the Kingdom of New Zealand comprises the Ross Unit. It has no own currency and uses the New Zealand dollar	AQ

Kingdom of Norway

The Kingdom of Norway Norway has 3 units (bilands) without native population (2 of them are claims under the Antarctic Treaty) which are subject to the sovereignty of the Norwegian State but which are not an integral part of the kingdom. Private law, criminal law and Norwegian law on the administration of justice apply to units, and the monarch determines the extent to which other laws apply. There are also 2 territories that are an integral part of the kingdom, but which are not incorporated into any county. One is subject to an international treaty and the other is a territory without a native population. Citizens of all territories and units have Norwegian citizenship. All Norwegian units and territories use the Norwegian crown.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Svalbard (Svalbard)	61 022	2310 (2018, including non-permanent staff).	Head of State: Monarch of Norway Head of Government: Governor appointed by the monarch and under dependency of the Department of Polar Affairs of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Local Government: Longyearbyen has a community council (15 elected members) whose jurisdiction covers only the population and its surroundings. Judiciary: Nord-Troms and Senja district court based in Tromsø (from 26 April 2021) by decision of the monarch.	Territory of the Kingdom of Norway administered under the Svalbard Treaty (international, 1920) and the 1925 Lov om Svalbard of the Norwegian Parliament. Private law, criminal law and Norwegian law on the administration of justice apply to Svalbard, unless otherwise provided. Other legal provisions do not apply to Svalbard, except when specifically stipulated.	SJ
Jan Mayen (Jan Mayen)	377	No native population, the non-permanent staff is 22 people.	Head of State: Monarch of Norway Head of Government: the state administrator of Nordland County since 1 January 1995, without being part of it. Part of the authority is delegated to the resident head of the Department Vervarslinga for Nord-Norge of the Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Judiciary: Salten and Lofoten district court based in Bodø (from 26 April 2021).	Territory of the Kingdom of Norway administered under the Lov om Jan Mayen of the Parliament of Norway of 1930. Private, criminal and Norwegian law on the administration of justice apply to Jan Mayen. The king determines the extent to which other laws apply. The natural reserve of Jan Mayen was created by royal decree of 19 November 2010 and covers almost the entire island and most of its jurisdictional maritime spaces.	SJ
Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya)	49	No native population.	Head of State: Monarch of Norway Government: administered by the Ministry of Trade and Industry (based in Oslo). Judiciary: Oslo District Court.	It is a dependency subject to the sovereignty of Norway but is not part of the kingdom. It is administered under Lov om Bouvet-øya, Peter I's øy og Dronning Maud Land 1930. Norway ' s laws apply, where applicable. The island was declared a natural reserve on 17 December 1971.	BV
Isla Pedro I (Peter I Øy)	156.	No native population.	Head of State: Monarch of Norway Government: administered by the Department of Polar Affairs of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (based in Oslo). Judiciary: no judicial authority has been established.	Territory claimed by Norway in Antarctica. It is a dependency subject to the sovereignty of Norway but is not part of the kingdom. administered under the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959) and the Lov om Bouvet-øya, Peter I's øy og Dronning Maud Land 1930. Norway ' s laws apply, where applicable.	AQ
Land of Queen Maud (Dronning Maud Land)	2 700 000	No native population. There are summer and permanent Norwegian personnel from other countries.	Head of State: Monarch of Norway Government: administered by the Department of Polar Affairs of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (based in Oslo). Judiciary: no judicial authority has been established.	Territory claimed by Norway in Antarctica. It is a dependency subject to the sovereignty of Norway but is not part of the kingdom. administered under the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959) and the Lov om Bouvet-øya, Peter I's øy og Dronning Maud Land 1930. Norway ' s laws apply, where applicable.	AQ

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has 14 overseas territories with a different degree of self-government. These territories are not part of the United Kingdom, but they all have the monarch of the United Kingdom as their head of state. By the advice of the British Government, the monarch appoints a representative (governor or commissioner) in each territory to exercise his executive power as a de facto head of state. Each overseas territory has its own independent legal system in the UK and chooses its own currency. The constitutions of the Overseas Territories are approved by the British Parliament and the United Kingdom reserves the defence and foreign relations of those Territories. Overseas territories have their own nationality, although except military bases in Cyprus, all their nationals also have British citizenship. There are also 3 units of the British Crown that are self-governed territories entitled to self-determination and which are not part of the United Kingdom, although they share British citizenship and this Government is responsible for its defence and international relations. UK legislation may be extended to Crown units through an Order of the Council on behalf of the monarch at the request of each of them.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Jersey dance (Bailiwick of Jersey)	118.2	106 800 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Duke of Normandy (the monarch of the United Kingdom), represented by a Lieutenant Governor. Head of Government: Chief Minister, who chairs the Council of Ministers. Legislative branch: Assembly of the States of Jersey (49 elected members). Higher judiciary: Court of Appeals of Jersey and Royal Court. Appeals beyond Jersey go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	Crown Unit with self-government, without constitution, although with statutes and other rules whose amendment requires the revision of the British Government and the consent of the monarch. Although using the sterling pound also emits the pound of Jersey in parity with it.	JE
Isle of Man (Isle of Man)	572	83 314 (2016).	Head of State: Lord of Man (the monarch of the United Kingdom), represented by a Lieutenant Governor. Head of Government: Chief Minister, who chairs the Council of Ministers. Legislative branch: Tynwald, formed by the Legislative Council (11 designated members) and the Chamber of Keys (24 elected members). Higher judiciary: Supreme Court of Justice of the Isle of Man and Court of Delivery of the General Prison. Appeals beyond the Isle of Man go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	Crown Unit with self-government. It has a constitution dating from at least the centuryXIVthat the Tynwald may amend with the agreement of the Lieutenant Governor (last amendment in 2020). While using the sterling pound, it also emits the manesa pound in parity with it.	IM
Bailía de Guernsey (Bailiwick of Guernsey) comprising 3 separate autonomous jurisdictions: ♪ Guernsey (Guernsey) ♪ Sark (Sark) ♪ Alderney (Alderney)	78	63 026 (2016).	Head of State: Duke of Normandy (the monarch of the United Kingdom), represented by a Lieutenant Governor. Head of Government: There is no common government for the whole of the dance, although in fact the president of the Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey fulfills the role of head of government. Mr. Sark and President of the States of Alderney preside over the governments of those islands. Legislative branch: There is no common legislation, but the States of the Deliberation or States of Guernsey (38 elected members and 2 appointed by Alderney to intervene on the topics delegated by this island by an agreement of 1948) legislate for all the dance on request or by delegation of Sark and Alderney. There are also the Sark Parliament or Chief Pleas (28 elected members, one hereditary and one vitality) and the States of Alderney (10 elected members), whose laws must be approved by the United Kingdom Private Council. Higher judiciary: Court of Appeal of Guernsey and Royal Court. The Court of Alderney and the Senescal Court of Sark are subordinate to them. Appeals beyond Guernsey go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council.	Crown unit with self-government, without written constitution. While using the sterling pound, Guernsey's pound and Alderney's pound are also issued in parity with it.	GG
BermudaBermuda (Bermuda)	53.2	62 506 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Premier, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Bermuda Parliament, composed of the Senate (11 designated members) and the House of Assembly (36 elected members). Higher judiciary: Court of Appeal and Supreme Court. Appeals beyond Bermuda go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	British Overseas Territory with Limited Self-Government Bermuda Constitution Act 1967 of the United Kingdom Parliament (last amendment in 2012), approved by the monarchy with the Bermuda Constitution Order 1968. Independence was rejected in a referendum in 1995. It has its own currency: the Bermudian dollar in parity with the US dollar.	BM
Gibraltar (Gibraltar)	6.7	33 701 (est. 2019). 1250 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Chief Minister, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Gibraltar Parliament (17 elected members and one appointed). Higher judiciary: Court of Appeal and Supreme Court of Gibraltar. Appeals beyond Gibraltar go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	British Overseas Territory under Self-Government Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006 of the British monarchy, which sanctioned a constitution approved by referendum. The amendments should be approved by the United Kingdom State Secretariat on behalf of the monarch and by referendum. According to the Utrecht Treaty (international, 1713) it cannot be independent or transferred to another country without the consent of Spain. In 1967 a referendum rejected the proposal of passage to Spanish sovereignty and in 2002 another referendum rejected the proposal of condominium between Spain and the United Kingdom. Although using the sterling pound also emits the gibraltarian pound in parity with it.	GI
AnguillaAnguilla (Angilla)	91	14 869 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Prime Minister, who chairs the Executive Council. Legislative branch: House of Assembly (11 elected and 4 appointed). Higher judiciary: appeals beyond Anguilla go to the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (itinerante).	British Overseas Territory under Self-Government The Anguilla Constitution Order 1982of the British monarch that approved a constitution (last amendment in 2019) after the UK Parliament conferred power on it through the Anguilla Act 1980. It shares with other countries and territories the Eastern Caribbean dollar.	AI
British Virgin Islands (British Virgin Islands)	153	31 758 (2018).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Prime Minister, who chairs the Executive Council. Legislative branch: Assembly of the British Virgin Islands. Judiciary: appeals beyond the British Virgin Islands go to the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court.	British Overseas Territory with Self-Government Limited The Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007 of the United Kingdom Parliament. He doesn't have his own currency and uses the US dollar.	VG
Cayman Islands (Cayman Islands)	262.4	68 076 (201).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Premier, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Cayman Islands Legislative Assembly. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Cayman Islands go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council.	British Overseas Territory with Self-Government under the The Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It has its own currency: the Cayman Islands dollar.	KY
Falkland Islands (Falkland Islands)	12 200	3377 (est. 2019). 1350 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Chief Executive Officer, chairing the Executive Council of the Falkland Islands. Legislative branch: Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Malvinas Islands go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council.	British Overseas Territory with Self-Government under the The Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008 of the United Kingdom Parliament. A referendum in March 2013 approved the permanence of the territory under British sovereignty. While using the sterling pound, it also emits the Malian pound in parity with it.	FK
MontserratMontserrat (Montserrat)	102.	5215 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Prime Minister, who chairs the Executive Council. Legislative branch: Legislative Assembly of Montserrat. Judiciary: appeals beyond Montserrat go to the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court.	British Overseas Territory with Self-Government under the The Montserrat Constitution Order 2010 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It shares with other countries and territories the Eastern Caribbean dollar.	MS
Turks and Caicos Islands (Turks and Caicos Islands)	616.3	38 191 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. Head of Government: Premier, who chairs a cabinet. Legislative branch: Legislative Assembly of the Turks and Caicos Islands. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Turks and Caicos Islands go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	British Overseas Territory with Self-Government under the The Turks and Caicos Constitution Order 2011 of the United Kingdom Parliament. He doesn't have his own currency and uses the US dollar.	TC
St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan of Acuña (Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha) comprising 3 separate jurisdictions: ♪ Saint Helena (Saint Helena) ♪ Ascension (Ascension Island) ♪ Tristan de Acuña (Tristan da Cunha)	394	5633 (2016). 1000 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor, who appoints administrators on Ascension Island and in Tristan de Acuña. Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: in each territory: Legislative Council of St. Helena, Council of Ascension Island and Council of the Tristan Islands of Acuña. Judiciary: appeals beyond the territory go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Private Council.	British Overseas Territory under the St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order, 2009 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It is subdivided into three territories, each with its own internal government. They share a supreme court. While using the sterling pound it also emits the pound of St. Helena in parity with it, which is used in St. Helena and Ascension.	SH
Pitcairn Islands, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno (Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands)	47	50 (est. 2019). 6 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a non-resident governor (high Commissioner of the United Kingdom in New Zealand) who appoints a commissioner. Head of Government: mayor and president of the Island Council. Legislative branch: Island Council. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Pitcairn Islands go to the Judicial Committee of the United Kingdom Privy Council.	British Overseas Territory with Private Internal Government Pitcairn Constitution Order 2010 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It has no own currency and uses the New Zealand dollar.	PN
Acrotiri and Dhekelia sovereign base areas (Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia)	254	7700 Cypriots. 8000 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by an administrator who is the head of the British military forces in Cyprus. Head of Government: manager, who appoints a chief officer. Legislative branch: administrator.	British Overseas Territory administered by the Government of the United Kingdom under the Treaty of Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus (international, 1960) and the The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order 1960 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It has no own currency and uses the euro.	-
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands)	3903	No native population. 99 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a non-resident commissioner (the governor of the Falkland Islands). Head of Government: Commissioner, represented by a chief executive officer. Legislative branch: Commissioner.	British Overseas Territory administered under the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Order 1985 of the United Kingdom Parliament. Although he uses the sterling pound, he also uses the Malian pound in parity with it.	GS
British Indian Ocean Territory (British Indian Ocean Territory)	60	No native population (was expelled). 2500 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a non-resident commissioner (the same as the British Antarctic Territory). Head of Government: Commissioner, represented by the head of the British military forces in the territory. Legislative branch: Commissioner.	British Overseas Territory administered under the British Indian Ocean Territory Constitution Order 2004 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It does not have its own currency and is of legal course the pound sterling, although in fact the US dollar is used.	I
British Antarctic Territory (British Antarctic Territory)	1 709 400	No native population. 50 non-permanent British in winter and 400 in summer, as well as permanent and non-permanent from other countries.	Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a non-resident commissioner (the same as the British Indian Ocean Territory). Head of Government: Commissioner. Legislative branch: Commissioner.	British Overseas Territory (Antarctic Claim) administered by the Government of the United Kingdom under the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959) and the The British Antarctic Territory Order 1989 of the United Kingdom Parliament. It doesn't have its own currency and uses the sterling pound.	AQ

United States of America

The United States has 13 territories that are under its sovereignty, but which are not incorporated for the purposes of the constitutional law of the United States (which is partially implemented) and are under direct jurisdiction of the Congress. Four of them are territories organized by the U.S. Congress, including two that are free states associated with self-government status and two others that have autonomous government. Of the other unincorporated territories there are 8 that do not possess native population and are administered by the United States Government and another that has self-government not organized by the United States Congress, but yes by the presidency. There is also a built-in and unorganized territory without a native population and administered by the United States Government for which the constitution of the United States is fully governed. Everything related to the currency, defense and foreign relations of the territories falls under the jurisdiction of the federal government. The inhabitants of the territories have the citizenship of the United States except American Samoa, which has its own nationality. The 9 uninhabited territories are statistically classified as the Lesser Ultramarine Islands of the United States. All U.S. units use the U.S. dollar.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Puerto Rico (Universidad de Puerto Rico)	9104	3 193 694 (est. 2019).	Head of State: President of the United States. Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly (bicameral). Judiciary: appeals beyond Puerto Rico go to the U.S. Supreme Court.	Non-incorporated and organized territory with community status (associated free state) by the public law 81-600 of 1950 of the United States Congress. It has a constitution ratified by referendum in 1952 and approved by the United States Congress, which retains authority over the territory. In 2012 he voted for his transformation into the United States, but was not accepted by that country.	PR
Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands)	464	55 184 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of the United States. Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: Legislature of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (bicameral). Judiciary: appeals beyond the Northern Mariana Islands go to the United States Supreme Court.	Community in political union with the United States, under public law 94-241 of 1976 of the United States Congress. This law passed a pact between the Northern Mariana Islands (until then in trusteeship) and the United States, establishing provisions that cannot be modified without the agreement of both parties and restrictions on U.S. law on the territory. It has a constitution approved by referendum in 1977 and by the president of the United States.	MP
Guam (Guam)	540	162 742 (est. 2016).	Head of State: President of the United States. Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: Guam Legislature. Judiciary: appeals beyond Guam go to the United States Supreme Court.	Non-incorporated Territory with Self-Government Under Guam Act 1950 of the United States Congress.	GU
United States Virgin Islands (Virgin Islands of the United States)	346.4	106 405 (2010).	Head of State: President of the United States. Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: Legislature of the Virgin Islands. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Virgin Islands go to the United States Supreme Court.	Non-incorporated Territory with Self-Government Under Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands 1954 of the United States Congress.	VI
American SamoaAmerican Samoa (American Samoa)	199	55 689 (est. 2018).	Head of State: President of the United States who delegates him to the Secretary of the Interior of the United States, not a resident (with the right to veto over local laws). Head of Government: Governor. Legislative branch: Fono of American Samoa (bicameral). Judiciary: appeals beyond American Samoa go to the United States Supreme Court.	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory with autonomous government. The constitution was approved in referendum in 1960 and its amendments should be approved by the Office of Island Affairs of the United States Department of the Interior.	AS
Atolón Palmira (Territory of Palmyra Island)	11.9	No native population. 4-20 non-permanent.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent of the Pacific Remote Islands National Marine Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Built-in and unorganized territory (partially private property).	UM
Wake Island (Wake Island)	6.5	No native population. 100 non-permanent.	Managed by the United States Air Force, which delegates it to the general adviser of the non-resident Air Force, who is represented by the military commander of the island.	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Atoll Johnston (Johnston Atoll)	2.67	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent (based in Honolulu) of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Midway Islands (Midway Atoll)	6.2	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge and National Monument Midway Battle within the Papahānaumokuākea National Marine Monument, administered by a non-resident shelter manager of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Arrecife Kingman (Kingman Reef)	0.03	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent of the Pacific Remote Islands National Marine Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Jarvis Island (Jarvis Island)	4.5	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent of the Pacific Remote Islands National Marine Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Baker Island (Baker Island)	1.4	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent of the Pacific Remote Islands National Marine Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Howland Island (Howland Island)	2.6	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge administered by a non-resident superintendent of the Pacific Remote Islands National Marine Monument of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM
Navaza Island (Navassa Island)	5.4	No native population.	National Wildlife Refuge Navaza Island administered by a non-resident field supervisor (in Boquerón, Puerto Rico) of the Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refugee Complex of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service	Non-incorporated and unorganized territory.	UM

Australia

Although all territories are considered Australia is fully integrated into its federal system, and the official status of an external territory does not differ to a large extent from that of a continental territory (except for immigration law), the debate remains if the territories are integral parts of Australia, because they were not part of Australia in 1901, when their constituent states federated (with the exception of the Coral Sea Islands, which were part of Queensland). They are often listed separately for statistical purposes. Australia has 7 external territories, 2 of which have their own local government and one whose self-government has recently been reduced. The legal system of the territories is under the authority of the Governor-General of Australia and Australian law. The inhabitants of all territories have Australian citizenship. All Australian territories use the Australian dollar.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Norfolk Island (Territory of Norfolk Island)	34.6	1748 (2016).	Head of State: Monarch of Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia, who appoints an administrator. Executive branch: administrator of the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities. Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External territory with limited self-government (Norfolk Island Regional Council), under the Norfolk Island Act 1957 of the Australian Parliament. By delegation of the Federal Government, laws of the state of New South Wales apply	NF
Christmas Island (Territory of Christmas Island)	135	1843 (2016).	Head of State: Monarch of Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia, who appoints an administrator. Executive branch: administrator of the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities. Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External territory with own local government (condado con un presidente), administered under the Christmas Island Act 1958 of the Australian Parliament. By delegation of the Federal Government, laws of the State of Western Australia apply.	CX
Cocos Islands (Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands)	14	544 (2016).	Head of State: Monarch Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia, who appoints a non-resident administrator. Executive branch: administrator of the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities. Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External territory with own local government (condado con un presidente), administered under the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955 of the Australian Parliament. By delegation of the Federal Government, laws of the State of Western Australia apply.	CC
Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands)	5	No native population.	Head of State: Monarch Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia, who appoints a non-resident administrator. Executive branch: manager of the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities (based in Camberra). Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External Territory administered under the Ashmore and Cartier Islands Acceptance Act 1933 of the Australian Parliament. Laws of the Northern Territory apply.	-
Coral Sea Islands (Coral Sea Islands Territory)	3	No native population. 4 non-permanent.	Head of State: Monarch Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia, who appoints a non-resident administrator. Executive branch: manager of the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities (based in Camberra). Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External Territory administered under the Coral Sea Islands Act 1969 of the Australian Parliament. Australian Capital Territory laws apply.	-
Heard Island and McDonald Island (Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands)	368	No native population.	Head of State: Monarch of Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia. Administration: Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Environment and Energy (based in Camberra). Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External Territory administered under the Heard Island and McDonald Islands Act 1953 of the Australian Parliament. Australian Capital Territory laws apply.	HM
Australian Antarctic Territory (Australian Antarctic Territory)	5 896 500	No native population. Permanent and non-permanent population of Australia and other countries.	Head of State: Monarch of Australia, represented by the Governor-General of Australia. Administration: Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Environment and Energy. Legislative branch: Australian Parliament.	External territory (antartic claim) administered under the Australian Antarctic Territory Act 1954 of the Australian Parliament and the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959). Australian Capital Territory laws apply.	AQ

Chinese

ChinaChina has two special administrative regions that have autonomy and are governed in accordance with the Chinese constitution and the respective basic laws. Special administrative regions differ greatly from the rest of China ' s territorial divisions in administrative, economic, legislative and judicial terms, including by currency, left-to-right traffic, official languages and immigration control. They were created for the decolonized territories returned to China. The inhabitants of the two special administrative regions have Chinese citizenship, but with conditions different from the rest of China.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Hong Kong (中文 programme implementation oriented.... 中文)	1092	7 482 500 (est. 2018).	Head of State: President of the People's Republic of China. Head of Government: Chief Executive Officer of Hong Kong appointed by the State Council of the People ' s Republic of China. Legislative branch: Hong Kong Legislative Council. Judiciary: The High Court of Hong Kong is the final appeal body by delegation of the National People ' s Assembly of China.	Special administrative region. It has autonomy in accordance with the Syno-British Joint Declaration (1984, international) and Basic Law of Hong Kong sanctioned by the National People ' s Assembly of China (1990). It has its own currency: the Hong Kong dollar.	HK
Macao (中國 繁體字 繁體字 繁體字 Français Español)	27.3	667 400 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of the People's Republic of China. Head of Government: Chief Executive Officer of Macau appointed by the State Council of the People ' s Republic of China. Legislative branch: Macao Legislative Assembly. Judiciary: the Macao Court of Appeal is the final appeal body by delegation of the National People ' s Assembly of China.	Special administrative region. It has autonomy according to the Syno-Portuguese Joint Declaration (1987, international) and Basic Law of Macau sanctioned by the National People ' s Assembly of China (1993). It has its own currency: the macaense potato.	MO

Denmark

The Kingdom of DenmarkDenmark includes two autonomous constituent countries subject to the Danish constitution. The Danish government maintains full control over foreign relations and defence, and in the Faroe Islands also on police, justice and currency. The inhabitants of the two territories have Danish citizenship, but the Greenlands have separate nationality.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat)	2 166 086	55 992 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Monarch of Denmark, represented by the high commissioner of Denmark in Greenland (also represents the Danish Government). Head of Government: Prime Minister of Greenland, who heads a cabinet. Legislative branch: Greenland Parliament. Judiciary: appeals beyond Greenland go to the Supreme Court of Denmark.	Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark with self-government under the Greenland Self-Government Act of 2009 of the Danish Parliament (non-binding referendum of self-government in 2008). Although it is not part of the European Union, it is included among the EU overseas countries and territories. It has no own currency and uses the Danish crown.	GL
Faroe Islands (Føroyar)	1399	51 783 (est. 2019).	Head of State: Monarch of Denmark, represented by the high commissioner of Denmark in the Faroe Islands (also represents the Danish Government). Head of Government: løgmaður (Prime Minister), who heads a cabinet. Legislative branch: Løgting. Judiciary: appeals beyond the Faroes go to the Supreme Court of Denmark.	Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark with self-government under the Faroese Self-Government Act of 1948 of the Danish Parliament. It is not included in the European Union. Although using the Danish crown it also emits the ferocious crown in parity with it.	FO

Finland

FinlandFinland includes a neutral and demilitarized autonomous region subject to an international treaty, governed by a constitution sanctioned by the Parliament of Finland. Its inhabitants have Finnish citizenship.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Åland (Åland)	1580	29 789 (est. 2018).	Head of State: President of Finland, represented by a governor. Head of Government: lantråd (Prime Minister), who heads a cabinet. Legislative branch: Åland Parliament. Judiciary: appeals beyond Åland go to the Supreme Court of Finland.	Autonomous region neutral and demilitarized by the Treaty of Paris (international, 1856), governed by the Aland Autonomy Act of 1920 of the Parliament of Finland. It is considered a special autonomous region of the European Union. Like the rest of Finland, its currency is the euro.	AX

France

France has 12 territorial collectivities that make up France overseas, are governed by the French constitution and laws of the French Parliament and are considered integral parts of the French Republic. There are 5 communities that have the status of department and region of overseas that are governed by the laws common to the departments and regions of the European France (art. 73 of the French Constitution), 3 of which are unique territorial communities. There are 5 overseas collectivities that are governed by specific organic laws governed by art. 74 of the French Constitution and a collective sui generis (New Caledonia) which has a special status of wide autonomy established by the Nouméa Agreement (in 1998) pending its possible independence. There is also an uninhabited overseas territory governed by a specific law (Loi n° 55-1052 of 6 August 1955). In addition to the territorial collectivities there is an uninhabited island that is the public domain of the State, governed by the same previous law. The inhabitants of the territorial communities have French citizenship, but they also have their own nationality in New Caledonia.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Guadalupe (Département de Guadeloupe)	1629	390 253 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Regional level: Guadalupe Regional Council, with a president. Departmental level: Departmental Council of Guadalupe, with a president.	Region and department of overseas with own regional and departmental government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	GP
Meeting (Département de La Réunion)	2512	853 659 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Regional level: Regional Council of Meeting, with a president. Departmental level: Meeting department council, with a president.	Region and department of overseas with own regional and departmental government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	RE
Martinique (Département de Martinique)	1128	372 594 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Territorial executive branch: Martinique Executive Council, with a president. Deliberative Assembly: Martinique Assembly (regional and departmental level).	Region and department of overseas with status of unique territorial collectivity and own territorial government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	MQ
French Guiana (Département de Guyane)	83 856	268 700 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Deliberative Assembly: Guayana Assembly (regional and departmental level), with an executive president.	Region and department of overseas with status of unique territorial collectivity and own territorial government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	GF
Mayotte (Département de Mayotte)	376	256 518 (est. 2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Deliberative Assembly: Mayotte Departmental Council (regional and departmental level), with an executive president.	Region and department of overseas with status of unique territorial collectivity and own territorial government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	YT
New CaledoniaNew Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie)	18 575.5	271 407 (2019).	Head of State: President of France, represented by the High Commissioner of the Republic in New Caledonia. Territorial executive branch: president of the government Deliberative Assembly: Congress of New Caledonia (bicameral)	Collective sui generis with autonomous government. It is governed by Loi organique relative à la Nouvelle-Calédonie of the French Parliament according to art. 76 of the French Constitution. In three referendums held in 2018, 2020 and 2021 the New Caledonians rejected independence. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. Along with other French territories of Oceania shares the CFP franc.	NC
French PolynesiaFrench Polynesia (Polynésie française)	4167	275 918 (2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by the High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia. Head of Government: President of French Polynesia Deliberative Assembly: Assembly of French Polynesia	Overseas collectivity with autonomous territorial government. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. Along with other French territories of Oceania shares the CFP franc.	PF
San Bartolomé (Saint-Barthélemy)	24	9793 (2016).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect delegate. Deliberative Assembly: Territorial Council of San Bartolomé, with a president who also chairs the Executive Council.	Overseas collectivity with own territorial government. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	BL
San Martín (Saint-Martin)	53.2	35 746 (2016).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect delegate. Deliberative Assembly: Territorial Council of San Martín, with a president who also chairs the Executive Council.	Overseas collectivity with own territorial government. It is an Ultra-Peripheral Region of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	MF
San Pedro and Miquelón (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon)	242	6274 (2017).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a prefect. Deliberative Assembly: Territorial Council of San Pedro and Miquelón, with a president who also chairs the Executive Council.	Overseas collectivity with own territorial government. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	PM
Wallis and Futuna (Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna)	124.2	11 558 (2018).	Head of State: President of France, represented by a senior administrator with executive power. Deliberative Assembly: The Territorial Assembly of the Wallis and Futuna Islands, with the superior administrator as president.	Overseas collectivity with own territorial government. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. Along with other French territories of Oceania shares the CFP franc.	WF
Southern and French Antarctic Lands (Terres australes et antarctiques françaises)	439 672	No native population. 196 non-permanent.	Head of State: President of France, represented by a senior administrator residing in Saint-Pierre (Reunion) who exercises the executive power assisted by a consultative council. Each of the 5 districts is represented by a district chief.	Overseas Territory administered by the Government of France under the Loi n° 55-1052. It includes an Antarctic sector (Adelia Land) administered under the Antarctic Treaty (international, 1959). It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union (except the Adelia Land). The euro is the legal currency.	TF (AQ)
Clipperton Island (Clipperton.)	1.7	No native population.	Head of State: President of France, represented by the High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia as managing director, non-resident (based in Papeete).	Position administered by the Government of France under the Loi n° 55-1052as a public domain of the state. It is not included in the European Union. The euro is the legal currency.	-

Netherlands

The Kingdom of the NetherlandsThe Netherlands comprises 4 constituent countries, three of which are in the Caribbean with autonomy in internal affairs, and the other has most of its area in Europe (Netherlands), but which includes three municipalities in the Caribbean administered directly by the Government of the Netherlands and which do not constitute any province. The 4 constitutions of constituent countries of the kingdom are subject to Statuut voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden which regulates relations between them and which can be modified by the General States of the Netherlands and the monarch promulgates only with the agreement of the other three constituent countries. The Government of the Netherlands handles matters of defence, foreign relations, extradition and common nationality of all constituent countries.

Territory (Official name)	Surface (km2)	Population	Government	Type of dependency	Country code ISO 3166
Aruba (Pais Aruba)	180	112 309 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands, represented by the Governor of Aruba Head of Government: Prime Minister of Aruba, who heads a council of ministers. Legislative branch: Aruban Parliament. Judiciary: appeals beyond Aruba go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, autonomous with own constitution. In March 1977, a referendum approved the independence of Aruba. In March 1983 the route for independence was agreed in 1996, but in 1990 it was agreed to postpone it indefinitely and was cancelled in 1995. It maintains the right to request the General States of the Netherlands for a new referendum. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. It has its own currency: the Aruben Florin.	AW
Curacao (Country of Curacao)	444	158 665 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands, represented by the governor of Curacao Head of Government: Prime Minister of Curacao, who heads a cabinet. Legislative branch: Curacao Parliament. Judiciary: appeals beyond Curacao go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, autonomous with own constitution. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. Together with St. Martin shares the Dutch Antilles.	CW
San Martín (Land Sint Maarten)	34	41 486 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands, represented by the governor of Sint Maarten Head of Government: Prime Minister of Sint Maarten, who heads a council of ministers. Legislative branch: Sint Maarten Parliament. Judiciary: appeals beyond San Martín go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, autonomous with own constitution. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. Along with Curacao shares the Dutch Antilles Florin.	SX
Bonaire (Bonaire)	294	20 104 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands represented by a lieutenant governor Head of Government: Prime Minister of the Netherlands Legislative branch: General States of the Netherlands Local level: Mayor and municipal council. Judiciary: appeals beyond Bonaire go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Special municipality of the Netherlands not integrated in any province. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. He doesn't have his own currency and uses the US dollar.	BQ
Saba (Saba)	13	1915 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands represented by a governor Head of Government: Prime Minister of the Netherlands Legislative branch: General States of the Netherlands Local level: Mayor and municipal council. Judiciary: appeals beyond Saba go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Special municipality of the Netherlands not integrated in any province. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. He doesn't have his own currency and uses the US dollar.	BQ
San Eustaquio (Sint Eustatius)	21	3138 (2019).	Head of State: Monarch of the Netherlands represented by a lieutenant governor Head of Government: Prime Minister of the Netherlands Legislative branch: General States of the Netherlands Local level: Mayor and municipal council. Judiciary: appeals beyond St Eustatius go to the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten and the Netherlands Caribbean and then to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands.	Special municipality of the Netherlands not integrated in any province. It is included among the overseas countries and territories of the European Union. He doesn't have his own currency and uses the US dollar.	BQ