Demographics of Iceland
This article describes the characteristics of the demographics of Iceland
Population
As of 2020, Iceland has a population of approximately 364,000 inhabitants, of which 23.7%, approximately 86,000, are of foreign origin. It has the lowest population density on the European continent.
The country's population is basically distributed along the southernmost coast of the island. The Southwest is the most densely populated region, where the oceanic climate is more benign due to the direct influence of the Gulf Stream.
The center and north are virtually uninhabited as a result of arid lands usually covered in ice and a more severe subarctic climate, particularly during the harsh winter.
Demographic composition
Most Icelanders are descendants of Norwegian and Celtic settlers from Ireland and Scotland, who were brought over as slaves during the time of colonization.
Recent DNA analysis suggests that about 66 percent of the male colonist population was of Norse descent, while the female population was 60 percent Celtic.
However, the Icelandic population today is remarkably homogeneous. According to Icelandic government statistics, 99% of the country's inhabitants live in urban areas (towns with a population of over 200) and 60% live in the metropolitan area of the capital Reykjavik.
Religion
About 74% of the population belongs to the State Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church, or other Lutheran churches. However, Iceland has complete religious freedom, and other Protestant and Catholic congregations are present, such as the Free Church of Reykjavik 2.4%, or the Free Church of Hafnarfjorour 1.6%, together with the small communities of the great religions of the world.
The most notable new religious community in Iceland, and as of 2003 one of the fastest growing, is the Ásatrúarfélagið, a legally recognized revival of Iceland's pre-Christian religion.
Language
Of the North Germanic languages, Icelandic is the closest to the Old Norse language and has remained relatively unchanged since the 12th century, being one of the most complex to learn.
Immigration
Most immigrants come from Poland, Lithuania and Denmark. The largest Latin American group is Colombians with 127 residents.
| Country | 2010 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
  Poland | 10,088 | 19.210 |
 Denmark | 3.236 | 3,891 |
 Lithuania | 1,442 | 2.906 |
 United States | 1.849 | 2,386 |
 Sweden | 1.846 | 2,161 |
 Philippines | 1,407 | 2,094 |
 Germany | 1,697 | 1,969 |
 Latvia | 641 | 1,762 |
.svg){kind=small} United Kingdom | 1.095 | 1,702 |
 Romania | 205 | 1,536 |
 Thailand | 1,062 | 1.375 |
 Norway | 987 | 1,275 |
 Portugal | 607 | 993 |
 Spain | 288 | 909 |
 Vietnam | 479 | 840 |
.svg){kind=small} France | 444 | 835 |
 Czech Republic | 152 | 744 |
 China | 481 | 686 |
 Croatia | 148 | 657 |
 Italy | 217 | 482 |
 Slovakia | 228 | 475 |
 Bulgaria | 135 | 473 |
 Serbia | 312 | 468 |
 Hungary | 153 | 464 |
 Russia | 294 | 452 |
 Ukraine | 206 | 402 |
 Netherlands | 298 | 375 |
 India | 274 | 357 |
 Canada | 229 | 337 |
| Other | 4,284 | 9,185 |
| Total immigrant population | 35.117 | 61,401 |
Due to labor shortages, immigration to Iceland will likely increase in the future. Estimates show that the number of immigrants could reach 15% of the total population by 2030.
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups: a homogeneous mix of Norwegian and Celtic descent 94%, population of foreign origin: 6%.
Vital Statistics
According to the data from Statistics Iceland, which collects all official data from Iceland.
| Año | Población | Nacidos vivos | Muertes | Cambio natural | Crude birth rate (per 1000) |
Crude death rate (per 1000) |
Cambio natural (por 1000) | Total fertility rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 78,000 | 2,237 | 1,545 | 692 | 28.6 | 19.8 | 8.9 | 3.93 |
| 1901 | 78,000 | 2,179 | 1,155 | 1,024 | 27.8 | 14.7 | 13.1 | 3.86 |
| 1902 | 79,000 | 2,220 | 1,262 | 958 | 28.1 | 16.0 | 12.1 | 3.95 |
| 1903 | 79,000 | 2,244 | 1,324 | 920 | 28.3 | 16.7 | 11.6 | 4.00 |
| 1904 | 80,000 | 2,293 | 1,242 | 1,051 | 28.7 | 15.5 | 13.2 | 4.09 |
| 1905 | 81,000 | 2,271 | 1,435 | 836 | 28.1 | 17.8 | 10.4 | 4.02 |
| 1906 | 82,000 | 2,346 | 1,193 | 1,153 | 28.8 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 4.14 |
| 1907 | 83,000 | 2,304 | 1,396 | 908 | 27.9 | 16.9 | 11.0 | 4.04 |
| 1908 | 83,000 | 2,270 | 1,594 | 676 | 27.3 | 19.1 | 8.2 | 4.01 |
| 1909 | 84,000 | 2,283 | 1,263 | 1,020 | 27.2 | 15.0 | 12.2 | 4.00 |
| 1910 | 85,000 | 2,171 | 1,304 | 867 | 25.6 | 15.4 | 10.2 | 3.79 |
| 1911 | 85,000 | 2,205 | 1,152 | 1,053 | 25.8 | 13.5 | 12.3 | 3.80 |
| 1912 | 86,000 | 2,234 | 1,171 | 1,063 | 26.0 | 13.6 | 12.4 | 3.82 |
| 1913 | 87,000 | 2,216 | 1,060 | 1,156 | 25.6 | 12.2 | 13.4 | 3.76 |
| 1914 | 88,000 | 2,338 | 1,428 | 910 | 26.7 | 16.3 | 10.4 | 3.90 |
| 1915 | 89,000 | 2,446 | 1,376 | 1,070 | 27.6 | 15.5 | 12.1 | 4.00 |
| 1916 | 89,000 | 2,377 | 1,322 | 1,055 | 26.6 | 14.8 | 11.8 | 3.81 |
| 1917 | 91,000 | 2,427 | 1,111 | 1,316 | 26.8 | 12.3 | 14.5 | 3.82 |
| 1918 | 92,000 | 2,441 | 1,518 | 923 | 26.6 | 16.6 | 10.1 | 3.78 |
| 1919 | 92,000 | 2,342 | 1,169 | 1,173 | 25.4 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 3.62 |
| 1920 | 94,000 | 2,627 | 1,360 | 1,267 | 28.1 | 14.5 | 13.6 | 3.96 |
| 1921 | 95,000 | 2,601 | 1,478 | 1,123 | 27.4 | 15.6 | 11.8 | 3.87 |
| 1922 | 96,000 | 2,546 | 1,280 | 1,266 | 26.6 | 13.4 | 13.2 | 3.72 |
| 1923 | 97,000 | 2,612 | 1,287 | 1,325 | 26.9 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 3.77 |
| 1924 | 98,000 | 2,525 | 1,462 | 1,063 | 25.7 | 14.9 | 10.8 | 3.62 |
| 1925 | 99,000 | 2,554 | 1,229 | 1,325 | 25.7 | 12.4 | 13.3 | 3.59 |
| 1926 | 101,000 | 2,676 | 1,121 | 1,555 | 26.5 | 11.1 | 15.4 | 3.71 |
| 1927 | 103,000 | 2,642 | 1,282 | 1,360 | 25.8 | 12.5 | 13.3 | 3.59 |
| 1928 | 104,000 | 2,542 | 1,124 | 1,418 | 24.4 | 10.8 | 13.6 | 3.40 |
| 1929 | 106,000 | 2,644 | 1,237 | 1,407 | 25.0 | 11.7 | 13.3 | 3.47 |
| 1930 | 107,000 | 2,808 | 1,248 | 1,560 | 26.1 | 11.6 | 14.5 | 3.59 |
| 1931 | 109,000 | 2,804 | 1,277 | 1,527 | 25.7 | 11.7 | 14.0 | 3.53 |
| 1932 | 111,000 | 2,696 | 1,191 | 1,505 | 24.4 | 10.8 | 13.6 | 3.31 |
| 1933 | 112,000 | 2,531 | 1,159 | 1,372 | 22.5 | 10.3 | 12.2 | 3.07 |
| 1934 | 114,000 | 2,597 | 1,181 | 1,416 | 22.8 | 10.4 | 12.4 | 3.10 |
| 1935 | 115,000 | 2,551 | 1,402 | 1,149 | 22.1 | 12.2 | 10.0 | 2.99 |
| 1936 | 116,000 | 2,557 | 1,253 | 1,304 | 22.0 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 2.98 |
| 1937 | 117,000 | 2,397 | 1,317 | 1,080 | 20.4 | 11.2 | 9.2 | 2.78 |
| 1938 | 118,000 | 2,374 | 1,207 | 1,167 | 20.1 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 2.71 |
| 1939 | 120,000 | 2,363 | 1,160 | 1,203 | 19.8 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 2.68 |
| 1940 | 121,000 | 2,480 | 1,200 | 1,280 | 20.5 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 2.75 |
| 1941 | 122,000 | 2,634 | 1,352 | 1,282 | 21.6 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 2.91 |
| 1942 | 123,000 | 3,005 | 1,293 | 1,712 | 24.4 | 10.5 | 13.9 | 3.26 |
| 1943 | 125,000 | 3,173 | 1,268 | 1,905 | 25.4 | 10.1 | 15.2 | 3.36 |
| 1944 | 127,000 | 3,213 | 1,218 | 1,995 | 25.3 | 9.6 | 15.7 | 3.34 |
| 1945 | 129,000 | 3,434 | 1,179 | 2,255 | 26.6 | 9.1 | 17.5 | 3.55 |
| 1946 | 132,000 | 3,434 | 1,121 | 2,313 | 26.1 | 8.5 | 17.6 | 3.47 |
| 1947 | 134,000 | 3,706 | 1,162 | 2,544 | 27.6 | 8.6 | 18.9 | 3.67 |
| 1948 | 137,000 | 3,821 | 1,114 | 2,707 | 27.8 | 8.1 | 19.7 | 3.72 |
| 1949 | 140,000 | 3,884 | 1,106 | 2,778 | 27.8 | 7.9 | 19.9 | 3.73 |
| 1950 | 143,000 | 4,093 | 1,122 | 2,971 | 28.7 | 7.9 | 20.8 | 3.86 |
| 1951 | 145,000 | 3,999 | 1,145 | 2,854 | 27.5 | 7.9 | 19.6 | 3.72 |
| 1952 | 148,000 | 4,075 | 1,082 | 2,993 | 27.5 | 7.3 | 20.2 | 3.79 |
| 1953 | 151,000 | 4,254 | 1,118 | 3,136 | 28.1 | 7.4 | 20.7 | 3.94 |
| 1954 | 154,000 | 4,281 | 1,064 | 3,217 | 27.7 | 6.9 | 20.8 | 3.91 |
| 1955 | 158,000 | 4,505 | 1,099 | 3,406 | 28.5 | 7.0 | 21.5 | 4.07 |
| 1956 | 161,000 | 4,603 | 1,153 | 3,450 | 28.5 | 7.1 | 21.4 | 4.14 |
| 1957 | 165,000 | 4,725 | 1,157 | 3,568 | 28.6 | 7.0 | 21.6 | 4.20 |
| 1958 | 168,000 | 4,641 | 1,165 | 3,476 | 27.5 | 6.9 | 20.6 | 4.09 |
| 1959 | 172,000 | 4,837 | 1,242 | 3,595 | 28.1 | 7.2 | 20.9 | 4.24 |
| 1960 | 176,000 | 4,916 | 1,167 | 3,749 | 28.0 | 6.6 | 21.4 | 4.27 |
| 1961 | 179,000 | 4,563 | 1,248 | 3,315 | 25.5 | 7.0 | 18.5 | 3.88 |
| 1962 | 182,000 | 4,711 | 1,237 | 3,474 | 25.9 | 6.8 | 19.1 | 3.98 |
| 1963 | 186,000 | 4,820 | 1,327 | 3,493 | 26.0 | 7.2 | 18.8 | 3.98 |
| 1964 | 189,000 | 4,787 | 1,315 | 3,472 | 25.3 | 7.0 | 18.3 | 3.86 |
| 1965 | 192,000 | 4,721 | 1,291 | 3,430 | 24.6 | 6.7 | 17.9 | 3.71 |
| 1966 | 196,000 | 4,692 | 1,391 | 3,301 | 24.0 | 7.1 | 16.9 | 3.58 |
| 1967 | 199,000 | 4,404 | 1,385 | 3,019 | 22.2 | 7.0 | 15.2 | 3.28 |
| 1968 | 201,000 | 4,227 | 1,390 | 2,837 | 21.0 | 6.9 | 14.1 | 3.07 |
| 1969 | 203,000 | 4,218 | 1,451 | 2,767 | 20.8 | 7.2 | 13.6 | 2.99 |
| 1970 | 204,000 | 4,023 | 1,457 | 2,566 | 19.7 | 7.1 | 12.6 | 2.81 |
| 1971 | 206,000 | 4,277 | 1,501 | 2,776 | 20.8 | 7.3 | 13.5 | 2.92 |
| 1972 | 209,000 | 4,676 | 1,447 | 3,229 | 22.3 | 6.9 | 15.4 | 3.09 |
| 1973 | 212,000 | 4,598 | 1,475 | 3,123 | 21.7 | 6.9 | 14.8 | 2.95 |
| 1974 | 215,000 | 4,276 | 1,495 | 2,781 | 19.9 | 6.9 | 13.0 | 2.66 |
| 1975 | 218,000 | 4,384 | 1,412 | 2,972 | 20.1 | 6.5 | 13.6 | 2.65 |
| 1976 | 220,000 | 4,291 | 1,343 | 2,948 | 19.5 | 6.1 | 13.4 | 2.52 |
| 1977 | 222,000 | 3,996 | 1,435 | 2,561 | 18.0 | 6.5 | 11.5 | 2.31 |
| 1978 | 224,000 | 4,162 | 1,421 | 2,741 | 18.6 | 6.4 | 12.2 | 2.35 |
| 1979 | 226,000 | 4,475 | 1,482 | 2,993 | 19.8 | 6.6 | 13.2 | 2.49 |
| 1980 | 228,000 | 4,528 | 1,538 | 2,990 | 19.8 | 6.7 | 13.1 | 2.48 |
| 1981 | 231,000 | 4,345 | 1,656 | 2,689 | 18.8 | 7.2 | 11.6 | 2.33 |
| 1982 | 234,000 | 4,337 | 1,583 | 2,754 | 18.5 | 6.8 | 11.7 | 2.26 |
| 1983 | 237,000 | 4,371 | 1,653 | 2,718 | 18.4 | 7.0 | 11.4 | 2.24 |
| 1984 | 240,000 | 4,113 | 1,584 | 2,529 | 17.2 | 6.6 | 10.6 | 2.08 |
| 1985 | 241,000 | 3,856 | 1,652 | 2,204 | 16.0 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 1.93 |
| 1986 | 243,000 | 3,881 | 1,598 | 2,283 | 16.0 | 6.6 | 9.4 | 1.93 |
| 1987 | 246,000 | 4,193 | 1,724 | 2,469 | 17.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 2.07 |
| 1988 | 250,000 | 4,673 | 1,818 | 2,855 | 18.7 | 7.3 | 11.4 | 2.27 |
| 1989 | 253,000 | 4,560 | 1,716 | 2,844 | 18.0 | 6.8 | 11.2 | 2.20 |
| 1990 | 255,000 | 4,768 | 1,704 | 3,064 | 18.7 | 6.7 | 12.0 | 2.31 |
| 1991 | 258,000 | 4,533 | 1,796 | 2,737 | 17.6 | 7.0 | 10.6 | 2.19 |
| 1992 | 261,000 | 4,609 | 1,719 | 2,890 | 17.7 | 6.6 | 11.1 | 2.21 |
| 1993 | 264,000 | 4,623 | 1,753 | 2,870 | 17.5 | 6.6 | 10.9 | 2.22 |
| 1994 | 266,000 | 4,442 | 1,717 | 2,725 | 16.7 | 6.4 | 10.3 | 2.14 |
| 1995 | 267,000 | 4,280 | 1,923 | 2,357 | 16.0 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 2.08 |
| 1996 | 269,000 | 4,329 | 1,879 | 2,450 | 16.1 | 7.0 | 9.1 | 2.12 |
| 1997 | 271,000 | 4,151 | 1,843 | 2,308 | 15.3 | 6.8 | 8.5 | 2.04 |
| 1998 | 274,000 | 4,178 | 1,821 | 2,357 | 15.2 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 2.05 |
| 1999 | 277,000 | 4,100 | 1,901 | 2,199 | 14.8 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 1.99 |
| 2000 | 281,000 | 4,315 | 1,828 | 2,487 | 15.3 | 6.5 | 8.8 | 2.08 |
| 2001 | 285,000 | 4,091 | 1,725 | 2,366 | 14.4 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 1.95 |
| 2002 | 288,000 | 4,049 | 1,822 | 2,227 | 14.1 | 6.3 | 7.8 | 1.93 |
| 2003 | 290,000 | 4,143 | 1,826 | 2,317 | 14.3 | 6.3 | 8.0 | 1.99 |
| 2004 | 292,000 | 4,234 | 1,824 | 2,410 | 14.5 | 6.2 | 8.3 | 2.03 |
| 2005 | 297,000 | 4,280 | 1,837 | 2,443 | 14.4 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 2.05 |
| 2006 | 304,000 | 4,415 | 1,903 | 2,512 | 14.5 | 6.3 | 8.2 | 2.07 |
| 2007 | 308,000 | 4,560 | 1,943 | 2,617 | 14.6 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 2.09 |
| 2008 | 315,000 | 4,835 | 1,987 | 2,848 | 14.2 | 6.2 | 8.0 | 2.14 |
| 2009 | 318,000 | 5,026 | 2,002 | 3,024 | 15.7 | 6.3 | 9.4 | 2.22 |
| 2010 | 318,000 | 4,907 | 2,020 | 2,887 | 15.5 | 6.4 | 9.1 | 2.20 |
| 2011 | 319,000 | 4,492 | 1,986 | 2,506 | 14.1 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 2.02 |
| 2012 | 320,000 | 4,533 | 1,955 | 2,578 | 14.2 | 6.1 | 8.1 | 2.04 |
| 2013 | 322,000 | 4,326 | 2,154 | 2,172 | 13.4 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 1.93 |
| 2014 | 326,000 | 4,375 | 2,049 | 2,326 | 13.5 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 1.93 |
| 2015 | 329,000 | 4,129 | 2,178 | 1,951 | 12.6 | 6.6 | 6.0 | 1.81 |
| 2016 | 333,000 | 4,034 | 2,309 | 1,725 | 12.1 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 1.75 |
| 2017 | 338,000 | 4,071 | 2,239 | 1,832 | 12.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 1.71 |
| 2018 | 348,000 | 4,228 | 2,254 | 1,974 | 12.1 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 1.71 |
| 2019 | 357,000 | 4,452 | 2,275 | 2,177 | 12.4 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 1.75 |
| 2020 | 364,000 | 4,512 | 2,301 | 2,211 | 12.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 1.72 |
| 2021 | 369,000 |
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