December 7th

December 7 is the 341st (thirty forty-first) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and the 342nd in leap years. There are 24 days left to end the year.

Events

• 43 B.C.: In Rome Cicero is murdered.
• 574: Emperor Justin II withdrew due to recurring attacks of madness. Abdicates the throne in favor of his General Tiberius II Constantine, proclaiming it Caesar.
• 1492: In Barcelona, King Fernando II of Aragon was injured in an attack by Juan de Cañamares.
• 1585: On 7 and 8 December in the Netherlands, the Miracle of Empel is produced (the surface of the river Mosa is frozen, which allows the Spanish army to overcome the Dutch defenders), by which a statuette of the "Immaculate Conception" (the Virgin Mary) is proclaimed the patron of the Spanish Tercios.
• 1703: Between 5 and 9 December (“24-28 November” according to the Julian calendar still in force on those dates in England) the Great Storm of 1703 occurs in the British Islands—the most violent recorded in the history of the region. It began on December 5, covering an area of 500 km wide, from Wales, Central and South England, the North Sea, the Netherlands and North Germany. Tornadoes were reported. British journalist and writer Daniel Defoe (author of Robinson Crusoe) wrote that it was "the most terrible storm the world has seen." Many ships of the Dutch and British war fleets sank, with hundreds of drowned. In many places, cyclonic pairs were produced. The floods generated drowned an undetermined number of people (between 8,000 and 5,000).
• 1724: In the city of Toruń, in the north of Poland, the tumults of Toruń happen because the Catholic government ordered the murder of the Lutheran mayor of this city and nine other Lutheran religious.
• 1732: In the neighborhood of Covent Garden (London) the Royal Opera House is opened.
• 1760: In Venezuela, the Capuchin friar Lucas de Zaragoza founded the town of Maturín.
• 1787: In the United States, the state of Delaware is the first to ratify the constitution.
• 1848: In Costa Rica the canton of San José was founded.
• 1862: In Washington County (Arkansas)—in the framework of the War of Secession—the U.S. army beats the confederate slaves in the battle of Prairie Grove.
• 1869: In Gallatin (Misuri), American criminal Jesse James (1847-1882) commits his first robbery to a bank.
• 1895: The Ethiopians defeat the Italian invading army in Amba Alagi.
• 1917: As part of the First World War, the U.S. declares war on the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
• 1927: In Argentinian Patagonia the city of El Calafate (city where the Perito Moreno glacier is located).
• 1930: in Boston (Massachusetts), the W1XAV television channel (the second in that city, transmitting to 48 vertical lines and 15 frames per second) broadcasts a video of the CBS radio music program, The fox trappers. This broadcast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertising by I. J. Fox Furriers, who sponsored the program.
• 1931: In New York the film Arrowsmith, directed by John Ford and starred by Ronald Colman, was released.
• 1933: 400 km northwest of Asunción and 60 km north of the border with Argentina, begins the Cerco de Campo Vía, which will end four days later, in which the Paraguayan army will defeat the Bolivian army.
• 1941: In Hawaii, the Japanese Imperial Navy launches its attack on Pearl Harbor.
• 1943: in Trento, Italy, Chiara Lubich founded the Focolare Movement.
• 1944: The International Civil Aviation Convention is held in Chicago and the International Civil Aviation Organization is established.
• 1946: In Atlanta (Georgia) the Winecoff Hotel is set on fire. 119 people die. It was the fire of a hotel with the most victims in United States History.
• 1949: In the framework of the Chinese Civil War, the government of the Republic of China moves from Nanin to Taipei (on the island of Taiwan).
• 1953: Israeli head of government David Ben-Gurion resigns.
• 1960: in the Santiago de Cartagena district of the city of Cienfuegos (Cuba), the Cuban terrorist group Carlos González Garnica and Valeriano Okay. Montenegro Rodriguez—in the framework of the terrorist attacks organized by the U.S. CIA—kills the Norberto Morales Ramírez militia.
• 1962: in a tunnel 303 meters underground, in the U3ba area of the Nevada atomic testing site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 11:00 (local time) United States detonates its Tendrac atomic bomb, of less than 20 kt. It's the 300 bomb of 1129 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
• 1965: Paul VI (Papa de Rome) and Athenagoras I (patriarch of Constantinople) sign a joint Catholic-Orthodox declaration in which they simultaneously revoke the mutual excommunications that were held since the year 1054.
• 1966: Syria calls for the overthrow of King Hussein of Jordan.
• 1971: In Pakistan President Yahya Khan (Responsible of the Bangladés Genocide) announced the formation of a coalition government, with Nurul Amin as Prime Minister and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto as Deputy Prime Minister.
• 1972: from Cabo Cañaveral (Florida), U.S. NASA launches the ship Apollo 17The last mission of the Apollo lunar program.
• 1973: Rock the Boat is published by The Hues Corporation, a song that became a gold record.
• 1975: Indonesia invades East Timor.
• 1982: In the village of Las Dos Erres, in the Guatemalan department of La Libertad (Petén), the Government of the dictator Efraín Ríos Montt takes place on the second day of the Massacre of Las Dos Erres, in which they will torture and murder the entire village population (more than 400 people).
• 1982: In Huntsville (Texas), the first execution is carried out through lethal injection in the United States.
• 1983: at Madrid-Barajas Airport (Madrid), an air accident leaves 93 dead.
• 1987: in Lima, Peru, the Lima Alliance Air Tragedy takes place.
• 1988: in Armenia, the Spitak earthquake occurs, destroying several cities and causing more than 70,000 deaths.
• 1993: in Garden City, New York, a Long Island railroad passenger kills 6 people and hurts 19.
• 1995: after six years of travel, the atmospheric probe of the Galileo mission penetrates into the atmosphere of the planet Jupiter.
• 1997: in Mexico, the football team Cruz Azul wins its eighth championship.
• 1999: the record company A strangerM Records makes a lawsuit against the internet service Napster (which served to share files using the peerto-peer method) for copyright infringement.
• 2001: launch of the artificial TIMED satellite, dedicated to the study of the upper layers of the atmosphere.
• 2003: In Uruguay, an ANCAP referendum is held, in which it will win the positive vote.
• 2005: At Miami International Airport, a group of federal police shot down the Costa Rican passenger Rigoberto Alpízar, who had said he had a bomb, which turned out to be untrue.
• 2005: in the Beach of the Americas (Tenerife) the Spanish police capture the Croatian genocidal Ante Gotovina.
• 2009: in Copenhagen, Denmark, the first day of discussions of the XV UN Climate Change Conference begins.
• 2015: debate of four political forces: Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría del Partido Popular, the leader of Citizens-Party of Citizenship, the leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party and the leader of Podemos.
• 2015: In Tajikistan there is an earthquake that measures 7.6 in the Richter Scale left 2 dead and some damage.
• 2018: Nintendo launches the fifth Super Smash Bros delivery for Nintendo Switch, Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
• 2022:
  • Pedro Castillo, president of Peru tries to make a state self-coup with failed result.
  • After the Holiday of Pedro Castillo Dina Boluarte becomes the first President of the Republic of Peru
  • Deportivo Pereira is the champion of the Colombian Professional Soccer for the first time in his story.

Births

• 521: Columba de Iona, missionary, monk and Irish saint (f. 597).
• 903: Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi, Persian astronomer (f. 986).
• 1302: Azzone Visconti, aristocrat milanes (f. 1339).
• 1545: Enrique Estuardo, Lord Darnley, British aristocrat (f. 1567).
• 1561: Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese landlord (f. 1625).
• 1598: Gian Lorenzo Bernini, sculptor and Italian painter (f. 1680).
• 1637: Bernardo Pasquini, Italian composer (f. 1710).
• 1647: Giovanni Ceva, Italian mathematician (f. 1734).
• 1722: Joseph Franz von Lobkowitz, German musician and patron (f. 1816).
• 1764: Claude-Victor Perrin, French Marshal (f. 1841).
• 1784: Allan Cunningham, British writer and poet (f. 1842).
• 1801: Johann Nestroy, Austrian actor and playwright (f. 1862).
• 1810: Theodor Schwann, German biologist and physiologist, discoverer of the pepsine (f. 1882).
• 1815: Jacques Nicolas Ernest Germain de Saint-Pierre, a French physician and botanist (f. 1882).
• 1823: Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician (f. 1891).
• 1827: Teodoro Cottrau, Italian composer (f. 1879).
• 1830: Luigi Cremona, Italian mathematician (f. 1903).
• 1834: Concepción Agramonte, patriot of Cuban independence (f. 1922).
• 1863: Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer (f. 1945).
• 1873: Willa Cather, American writer (f. 1947).
• 1879: Rudolf Friml, Czech American composer (f. 1972).
• 1886: Ercilia Pepín, first Dominican master and intellectual (f. 1939)
• 1887: Ernst Toch, Austrian composer (f. 1964).
• 1888: Joyce Cary, Irish writer (f. 1957).
• 1889: Gabriel Marcel, a Catholic philosopher, playwright and French critic (f. 1973).
• 1892: Stuart Davis, American painter (f. 1964).
• 1893: Hermann Balck, German military (f. 1982).
• 1893: Fay Bainter, American actress (f. 1968).
• 1896: Julio Prieto Nespereira, Spanish painter (f. 1991).
• 1899: Guillermo Battaglia, an Argentine actor (f. 1988).
• 1903: Danilo Blanuša, Croatian mathematician (f. 1987).
• 1904: Clarence Nash, American actor of bent (f. 1985).
• 1905: Gerard Kuiper, a Dutch-American astronomer (f. 1973).
• 1907: Antonio León Ortega, Spanish sculptor (f. 1991).
• 1910: Vere Cornwall Bird, a Caribbean politician (f. 1999).
• 1910: Louis Prima, singer, composer, trumpeter and American actor (f. 1978).
• 1910: Edmundo Ros, director of orchestra and trinitarian musician (f. 2011).
• 1914: Alberto Castillo, tango singer and Argentine actor (f. 2002).
• 1915: Leigh Brackett, American writer and writer (f. 1978).
• 1915: Eli Wallach, American actor (f. 2014).
• 1917: Alfredo Hurtado, Spanish actor (f. 1965).
• 1918: Max Merkel, Austrian footballer and technician (f. 2006).
• 1920: Fiorenzo Magni, Italian cyclist (f. 2012).
• 1920: Walter Nowotny, Austrian pilot (f. 1944).
• 1920: Manuel Pereira da Silva, Portuguese sculptor (f. 2003).
• 1921: Tilda Thamar, an Argentine actress (f. 1989).
• 1922: Eduardo A. Elizondo Lozano, Mexican lawyer and politician (f. 2005)
• 1923: Ted Knight, American actor (f. 1986).
• 1924: Mário Soares, Portuguese politician, president between 1986 and 1996 (f. 2017).
• 1925: Brother da Silva Ramos, Brazilian driver of motorism.
• 1926: Rino Ferrario, Italian footballer (f. 2012).
• 1927: Helen Watts, British opera singer (f. 2009).
• 1928: Noam Chomsky, philosopher, political dissident and American linguist.
• 1932: Bartomeu Melià, Jesuit, linguist and Spanish anthropologist (f. 2019).
• 1932: Ellen Burstyn, American actress.
• 1932: Rosemary Rogers, a writer from the United States (f. 2019).
• 1933: José María Portell, Spanish journalist (f. 1978).
• 1933: José Rafael Núñez Tenorio, a Venezuelan philosopher (f. 1998).
• 1935: Armando Manzanero, Mexican singer and composer (f. 2020).
• 1937: Thad Cochran, American politician (f. 2019).
• 1942: Rudy Márquez, Venezuelan singer and composer.
• 1942: Harry Chapin, American singer and composer (f. 1981).
• 1942: Elena Highton de Nolasco, judge of Argentina
• 1942: Gogó Rojo, actress and Vedette argentina (f. 2021).
• 1945: Marion Rung, Finnish singer.
• 1947: Johnny Bench, American baseball player.
• 1947: Fernando Niembro, Argentine sports journalist.
• 1948: Francisco Algora, Spanish actor (f. 2016).
• 1948: Stefano Rosso, Italian singer (f. 2008).
• 1949: Tom Waits, American singer.
• 1949: Gustavo Yankelevich, Argentine television producer.
• 1952: Georges Corraface, Greek actor.
• 1954: Bertín Osborne, Spanish singer and presenter.
• 1955: Priscilla Barnes, American actress.
• 1955: Amparo Carballo Blanco, Spanish writer.
• 1956: Larry Bird, ex-player and American basketball coach.
• 1956: Iveta Radičová, Czechoslovak politics, Prime Minister of Slovakia between 2010 and 2012.
• 1958: Rick Rude, American fighter (f. 1999).
• 1961: Alejandro Awada, Argentine actor.
• 1961: Xavier Soto, Spanish politician (f. 1995).
• 1962: Greece Hives, Venezuelan actress.
• 1963: Eduardo de la Puente, locutor argentina.
• 1965: Colin Hendry, British footballer.
• 1965: Jeffrey Wright, American actor and filmmaker.
• 1966: Gem Archer, British musician, of the Oasis band.
• 1966: Lucia Etxebarria, Spanish writer.
• 1966: C. Thomas Howell, American actor.
• 1967: Arcelia Ramírez, Mexican actress.
• 1969: Jorge Ibáñez, Argentine designer (f. 2014).
• 1969: Patrice O’Neal, comedian and American actor (f. 2011).
• 1970: Flabio Torres, Colombian football coach.
• 1971: Vladimir Akopián, Armenian chess player.
• 1971: Chasey Lain, American actress.
• 1972: Hermann Maier, Austrian skier.
• 1972: Tammy Lynn Sytch, American fighter.
• 1973: Terrell Owens, American football player.
• 1973: Fabien Pelous, French player of rugby.
• 1973: Damien Rice, Irish musician.
• 1974: Francisco Tapia Robles, Chilean radio announcer.
• 1974: Nicole Appleton, Canadian singer and actress.
• 1974: Manuel Martínez Gutiérrez, Spanish athlete.
• 1975: Géraldine Zivic, Colombian actress.
• 1975: Frankie J, Mexican American singer, former member of the Kumbia Kings.
• 1976: Martina Klein, model, television presenter and Argentine humorist.
• 1976: Andrea López, Colombian actress.
• 1976: Sergio Marcos Gustafson, director, screenwriter and producer of Paraguayan cinema and television.
• 1977: Dominic Howard, British drummer, Muse band.
• 1977: Roma Zver, Russian singer, vocalist of the Zveri band.
• 1977: Carmen Becerra, Mexican actress.
• 1978: Shiri Appleby, American actress.
• 1978: Kon Artis, American rapper, of the D12 band.
• 1978: David Canal, Spanish athlete.
• 1978: Mr. Porter, rapper and American producer, from the D12 band.
• 1979: Sara Bareilles, American singer, songwriter and pianist.
• 1979: Jennifer Carpenter, American actress.
• 1979: Lampros Choutos, Greek footballer.
• 1979: Vicente Sánchez, Uruguayan footballer.
• 1980: John Terry, British footballer.
• 1981: Javier Rios, Spanish actor.
• 1981: Martin Tomczyk, German motor racing driver.
• 1982: Jack Huston, British actor.
• 1983: Kalen Chase, American musician.
• 1983: Darío Gandín, Argentine footballer.
• 1984: Aaron Gray, American basketball player.
• 1984: Robert Kubica, Polish motor racing pilot.
• 1985: Jon Moxley, American fighter.
• 1985: Ernesto Monsalve, director of orchestra and Spanish composer.
• 1987: Aaron Carter, American singer and actor (f. 2022).
• 1988: Nathan Adrian, American swimmer.
• 1988: Emily Browning, Australian actress.
• 1989: Nicholas Hoult, British actor.
• 1990: David Goffin, Belgian tennis player.
• 1990: Yasiel Puig, Cuban baseball player.
• 1990: Urszula Radwanska, Polish tennis player.
• 1993: Jasmine Villegas, American actress.
• 1994: Yuzuru Hanyū, a Japanese skater.
• 1995: Santi Mina, Spanish footballer.
• 1996: Raivis Jurkovskis, Latvian footballer.
• 2001: Quevedo, Spanish singer.
• 2003: Catherine Amalia of Orange, Dutch princess.

Deaths

• 43 B.C.: Marco Tulio Cicerón, philosopher and Roman statesman (n. 106 B.C.).
• 283: Eutiquiano, Catholic Pope between 275 and 283 (n.?).
• 983: Othon II, German king between 961 and 983 (n. 955).
• 1254: Inocencio IV, Italian potato (n. c. 1185).
• 1562: Adrian Willaert, Dutch composer (n. 1490).
• 1583: Nurbanu Sultan, wife of the Ottoman Sultan Selim II and mother of Sultan Murad III (n. 1525).
• 1723: Jan Santini Aichel, Bohemian architect (n. 1677).
• 1772: Martin Sarmiento, writer and Spanish Benedictine scholar (n. 1695).
• 1793: Joseph Bara, French revolutionary soldier (n. 1779).
• 1815: Michel Ney, French Marshal (n. 1769).
• 1817: William Bligh, admirer and British ruler (n. 1745).
• 1829: Isidro González Velázquez, Spanish architect (n. 1765).
• 1847: Francisco Manuel Sánchez de Tagle, Mexican poet (n. 1782).
• 1874: Pedro Timote, Argentine military (n. 1836).
• 1874: Constantin von Tischendorf, a German scholar (n. 1815).
• 1879: Jón Sigurðsson, Icelandic independence leader (n. 1811).
• 1894: Ferdinand de Lesseps, a French diplomat and businessman, co-developed the Suez Canal (n. 1805).
• 1896: Luis Ricardo Falero, painter, inventor and Spanish engineer (n. 1851).
• 1896: Francisco Gómez Toro, Cuban military (n. 1876).
• 1896: Antonio Maceo and Grajales, Cuban military (n. 1845).
• 1899: Juan Luna and Novicio, Filipino painter (n. 1857).
• 1901: Lucio Meléndez, an Argentine psychiatrist (n. 1844).
• 1902: Thomas Nast, American cartoonist of German origin (n. 1840).
• 1905: Anton Goering, German painter and zoologist (n. 1836).
• 1906: Elie Ducommun, Swiss writer and editor, Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 (n. 1833).
• 1912: George Darwin, British mathematician (n. 1845).
• 1917: Ludwig Minkus, violinist and Austrian composer (n. 1826).
• 1922: Teófilo Castillo Guas, Peruvian painter (n. 1857).
• 1929: Charles Jacobus, American athlete (n. 1859).
• 1930: Jesús Flores Magón, lawyer, political journalist and Mexican activist (n. 1871).
• 1938: Anna Marie Hahn, a German-American murderer (n. 1906).
• 1941: Lluís Millet, composer and director of Spanish choir (n. 1867).
• 1947: Nicholas Murray Butler, American pedagogue and philosopher, Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 (n. 1862).
• 1954: Federico Díaz Dulanto, Peruvian marine and political (n. 1888).
• 1960: Clara Haskil, a Swiss pianist of Romanian origin (n. 1895).
• 1960: Walter Noddack, German chemical (n. 1893).
• 1970: Rube Goldberg, American illustrator and hysterist (n. 1883).
• 1975: Thornton Wilder, American novelist and playwright (n. 1897).
• 1977: Peter Goldmark, American engineer of Hungarian origin (n. 1906).
• 1978: Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist (n. 1886).
• 1979: Cecilia Payne, British-American astrophysicist (n. 1900).
• 1982: Will Lee, American actor (n. 1908).
• 1983: Fanny Cano, Mexican actress (n. 1944).
• 1985: Robert Graves, scholar, writer and British poet (n. 1895).
• 1990: Reinaldo Arenas, Cuban poet (n. 1943).
• 1990: Joan Bennett, American actress (n. 1910).
• 1993: Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Morocco between 1960 and 1993 (n. 1905).
• 1993: Wolfgang Paul, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics (n. 1913).
• 1995: Stella Inda, Mexican actress and writer (n. 1917).
• 1996: José Donoso, a Chilean writer (n. 1924).
• 1997: Felix Candela, Spanish architect and engineer (n. 1910).
• 1998: John Addison, British composer of film music (n. 1920).
• 1998: Carlos Oviedo Cavada, Chilean Cardinal (n. 1927).
• 1998: Martin Rodbell, American biologist, Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1994 (n. 1925)
• 2001: Pauline Moore, American actress (n. 1914).
• 2004: María Rosa Gallo, Argentine actress (n. 1921).
• 2006: Jeane Kirkpatrick, American diplomat (n. 1926).
• 2006: Jay McShann, American singer and pianist (n. 1910).
• 2008: Marky Sky, Filipino actor and dancer (n. 1988).
• 2009: Mark Ritts, American actor (n. 1946).
• 2010: Kari Tapio, Finnish singer (n. 1945).
• 2010: Federico Vairo, Argentine footballer (n. 1930).
• 2011: Dora Ferreiro, an Argentine actress (n. 1916).
• 2011: Harry Morgan, American actor (n. 1915).
• 2011: Jerry Robinson, comic artist, co-creator of the villain Joker (DC Comics), (n. 1922).
• 2012: Gilbert Durand, a French academic (n. 1921).
• 2016: Greg Lake, British musician (n. 1947).
• 2018: Belisario Betancur, Colombian lawyer, writer and politician, president of Colombia between 1982 and 1986 (n. 1923).
• 2020: Joselyn Cano, American model and Internet celebrity (n. 1990).
• 2020: Chuck Yeager, a U.S. military and test pilot (n. 1923).
• 2021: Mustafa Ben Halim, a Libyan diplomat and politician (n. 1921).
• 2021: Steve Bronski, British musician and composer (n. 1960).
• 2021: Greg Tate, American writer, musician and producer (n. 1957).

Celebrations

• Baroque Pride Day.
• International Civil Aviation Day.
• AustriaAustria: Krampus.
• ColombiaColombia: Velitas Day.
• GuatemalaGuatemala:
  • Devil's burning.
  • National Locutor Day.
• NicaraguaNicaragua:
  • Leon: The tear to the Immaculate Conception of Mary.
• SpainSpain:
  • Gáldar: Teaching Day.
  • Jarandilla de la Vera: Fiesta de Los Escobazos (Feast of Regional Tourist Interest).
  • Yecla: Day of the Alborada, pilgrimage of the Virgin of the Castle.
  • Cowboys: local party.
  • Torrejoncillo: Fiesta de "La Encamisá" (National tourist interest).
  • Horcajo de Santiago: A la Inmaculada Concepción (EL VITOR).

Catholic saints list

• Saint Ambrose of MilanBishop and doctor of the Church (397).
• Saint Sabino of Spoleto, bishop and martyr (c. 300).
• San Antenodoro de Syria, martyr (c. 304).
• San Urbano de Teano, bishop (s. IV).
• Saint John Hesicasta (558).
• Saint Martin of Sanjon, priest and abbot (s. VI).
• Santa Fara de Faramoutiers, Abbey (657).
• San Carlos Garnier, priest and martyr (1649).
• Saint Mary Josefa Rossello, virgin (1880).