December 29

December 29 is 363.er (three-hundred and sixty-third) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, and the 364th (thirty-sixty-fourth) day of the year in leap years. There are two days left to end the year.

Events

• 418: Bonifacio I is elected pope.
• 603: Witerico, king of Visigoth Spain, usurps power after leading a revolt of nobles.
• 1170: Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is murdered by four knights and by entrustment of Henry II of England.
• 1370: The Ilicitan soldier, Francesc Cantó, who was guarding on the beach of Tamarit (in Santa Pola, today), saw a closed box at sea. This box was written on the lid Soc per elx (‘I am for Elche’, in Valencian) and inside there was an image of the Virgin and the consuette of the Misteri d’Elx
• 1489: In Spain, the Muslim village of Fiñana (Almería) is conquered by the Christian troops of the Catholic Kings.
• 1503: Battle of the Garellano, war confrontation between French and Spanish troops during the second war in Naples.
• 1566: In Rostock (Germany), the Danish astrologer Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) fell in mourning with an aristocrat who mocked his astrological prediction about the future death of Solián the Magnificent, who had died on September 6.
• 1587: In the Corral de la Cruz de Madrid, the playwright Lope de Vega is arrested and imprisoned, accused of defamation.
• 1609: In Paraguay the city of San Ignacio Guazú is founded.
• 1711: Felipe V founded the National Library of Spain in Madrid.
• 1775: Guatemala officially founded the city of New Guatemala de la Asunción.
• 1813: Napoleon Bonaparte forces his brother Joseph to bow down from the crown of Spain.
• 1820: the independence of Trujillo, Peru, Spain is proclaimed.
• 1823: Chile promulgates a new Constitution.
• 1825: in Bolivia Simon Bolivar renounces the presidency of the Republic, which is assumed by Antonio José de Sucre.
• 1841: Chilean nationality is granted by grace to the French naturalist Claudio Gay.
• 1845: The United States annexes the Mexican state of Texas (completing the doctrine of manifest destiny).
• 1854: In Valladolid, Spain, the first issue of El Norte de Castilla, which is still being edited.
• 1858: in Madrid (Spain) is the Company of Railways of the North of Spain for the construction of the Madrid-Irún line.
• 1863: In Egypt the Suez Canal was inaugurated, joining the waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.
• 1865: In Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla, Mexico, a battle takes place between the Austro-Hungarian legion and the Sixth Battalion of Puebla.
• 1874: in Sagunto, Spain, General Martínez Campos performs the "Pronunciamiento de Sagunto" in favor of the monarchy of Alfonso XII, thus ending the First Spanish Republic.
• 1890: In South Dakota (United States) Cavalry Regiment Kills Between 135 and 300 Lakota Indians (men, women, children and the elderly) (Wounded Knee Massacre).
• 1902: the Austro-Hungarian Government denounces the trade agreement with Italy.
• 1911: the President of the Council of Ministers of the Chinese imperial government, Yuan Shikai, and the provisional Republican Government of Sun Yat-sen set the rules for the designation of a National Assembly to monitor the future regime.
• 1914: Belgian newspapers are not published in protest against German censorship.
• 1915: Peter I of Serbia takes refuge in the island of Corfu, with the remains of his army.
• 1917: In Buenos Aires, the Argentine Government embarked on 24 000 tons of wheat to alleviate hunger in Spain.
• 1926: in Rome, Germany and Italy they sign an arbitration treaty.
• 1930: in Colombia, the Master's Massacre is perpetrated.
• 1931: in New York, the Spanish dancer Antonia Mercé «La Argentinita» debuts with great success.
• 1933: In Romania, members of the Iron Guard murder the anti-fascist Prime Minister Ion Gheorghe Duca.
• 1934: at the Teatro Español de Madrid the work is premiered YermaFederico García Lorca.
• 1937: After the entry into force of the new Irish constitution, England declares that the Commonwealth of Ireland remains an integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
• 1943: Josip Broz Tito becomes a marshal and receives full powers in hiding.
• 1943: on the front of the Sangro, allied troops resume the offensive in Italy.
• 1945: in Madrid the film The last of the Philippines, declared of national interest, is premiered.
• 1948: In Java, Indonesia, military operations are suspended after fighting between allies and Japan, in the Second World War.
• 1949: in Hungary the companies of more than 10 employees are nationalized.
• 1955: In the Soviet Union, Nikolái Bulganin says to the Supreme Soviet that the Soviet Union possesses “the absolute weapon”, an intercontinental rocket capable of transporting the H bomb at a distance of 4000 km.
• 1956: in Paris the film is released Baby DollElia Kazan.
• 1962: In the Great South African Prize, the British Graham Hill is proclaimed world champion Formula 1.
• 1965: in Sydney (Australia) wins the Davis Tennis Cup by defeating Spain at the end.
• 1968: The Club Atlético Vélez Sarsfield beats Racing Club in the final triangle for 4-2 and is dedicated champion of the 1968 National Tournament, in what was its first title of history.
• 1969: Spanish Minister of Information and Tourism, Manuel Fraga Iribarne.
• 1970: Mexico publishes in the Official Journal of the Federation the creation of CONACYT, an institution responsible for promoting scientific research and technological modernization of the country.
• 1976: In Buenos Aires, the dictatorship of Videla (1976-1983) kidnapped the Peronist trade unionist Jorge Di Pascuale (47) and killed him on February 3, 1977.
• 1978: the new Constitution enters into force in Spain.
• 1980: In the Chinese province of Yunan the skull of an eight million-year-old hominid is discovered.
• 1981: Julio Iglesias Puga, father of the singer Julio Iglesias, is kidnapped by a command of the terrorist band ETA.
• 1983: Carolina de Monaco, Princess of Monaco and Duchess of Valentinois, married in second marriages with the Italian billionaire Stéfano Casiraghi.
• 1987: Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Romanenko takes land on board the Soyuz TM-3 ship in the Kazakh desert, after remaining 327 days in space and becoming the man who has endured space ingravity longer.
• 1989: The Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia unanimously elects the playwright Vaclav Havel, the new president of the country.
• 1989: the Aragon oil tanker causes a black tide of 25 000 tons of crude in Madeira.
• 1989: in Spain the Ibex 35 index of the Madrid Stock Exchange is launched.
• 1990: In Colombia, the Revolutionary Workers' Party abandons the armed struggle.
• 1990: in Argentina, President Carlos Menem, in charge of the P.E.N., sanctioned Decree 2741/1990, pardoning the ex-members of the military junta that had been convicted of State terrorism in 1985.
• 1991: the president of Uzbekistan, Islam Karimov, is re-elected in elections in which the independence of the republic was backed.
• 1992: The United States and Russia sign an agreement on the strategic nuclear arms reduction treaty (START II).
• 1992: Fernando Collor de Mello resigns as president of Brazil and is replaced by Itamar Franco.
• 1992: In Kenya the first multiparty elections are held in 26 years, with massive influx to the polls.
• 1993: In Spain, SUDEBAN authorizes the official operation of the Confederate Bank as a commercial bank.
• 1996: the Government of the Republic of Guatemala and the guerrillas sign the Agreements of Firm and Lasting Peace, ending an internal armed conflict of more than 30 years.
• 1997: The Hong Kong Government orders to kill all chickens to prevent avian flu.
• 1997: Russia signs an agreement to build a US$3 billion nuclear plant in China.
• 1997: at the Blue Mountains National Park, in the state of New South Wales (Australia), actress Cate Blanchett (28) marries the screenwriter Andrew Upton (31).
• 1999: in Bonn, Germany, the prosecution decides to investigate Helmut Kohl for illegal funding of his party, the CDU.
• 2001: in Lima, Peru, a mega-incendant caused by pyrotechnic games that destroys much of the commercial area known as Mesa Redonda, causing about 480 dead and several hundred wounded.

Births

• 1586: Francisco de Moncada, politician and Spanish writer (f. 1635).
• 1709: Isabel I, Russian Empress (f. 1762).
• 1721: Madame de Pompadour, French aristocrat, lover of King Louis XV (f. 1764).
• 1766: Charles Macintosh, inventor and British chemist (f. 1843).
• 1788: Tomás de Zumalacárregui, militar española, general en la Primera Guerra Carlista (f. 1835).
• 1800: Charles Goodyear, American inventor (f. 1860).

Andrew Johnson.

Pau Casals.

• 1808: Andrew Johnson, 17th American President (f. 1875).
• 1809: William Gladstone, British statesman (f. 1898).
• 1813: Alexander Parkes, metallurgical and British inventor (f. 1890).
• 1843: Isabel de Wied, Romanian queen (f. 1916).
• 1850: Tomás Bretón, Spanish composer (f. 1923).
• 1859: Venustiano Carranza, Mexican President (f. 1920).
• 1864: John the Baptist Benlloch and Vivó, Spanish bishop (f. 1926).
• 1876: Pau Casals, a Spanish musician (f. 1973).
• 1881: Jess Willard, American boxer (f. 1968).
• 1885: Balint Hóman, Hungarian historian (f. 1951).
• 1889: José Aguerre, a Spanish writer and politician (f. 1962).
• 1891: George Marshall (director), American filmmaker (f. 1975).
• 1896: David Alfaro Siqueiros, a Mexican painter (f. 1974).
• 1903: Cándido Portinari, Brazilian painter (f. 1962).
• 1910: Ronald Coase, British economist (f. 2013).
• 1911: Bernard Saint Hillier, French military (f. 2004).
• 1913: Pierre Werner, a Luxembourg politician (f. 2002).
• 1914: Domènec Balmanya, footballer and Spanish coach (f. 2002).
• 1918: Mirtha Reid, Uruguayan actress (f. 1981).
• 1920: Josefa Iloilo, former president of Fiyi between 2000 and 2009 (f. 2011).
• 1920: Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (f. 1995).
• 1921: Dobrica Cosic, a Serbian nationalist writer and politician (f. 2014).
• 1923: Cheikh Anta Diop, a Senegalese historian and anthropologist (f. 1986).
• 1923: Gregorio López-Bravo, Spanish politician (f. 1985).
• 1924: Davey Lee, American actor (f. 2008).
• 1924: Francisco Nieva, theatrical author, scene director, narrator and Spanish artist (f. 2016).
• 1925: Luis Alberto Monge Álvarez, a Costa Rican politician (f. 2016).
• 1925: Bernardino Landete, rejoiner and Spanish rider (f. 2010).
• 1925: Guillermo Soberón Acevedo, Mexican doctor (f. 2020).
• 1926: Lautaro Murúa, an Argentine actor of Chilean origin (f. 1995).
• 1928: Bernard Cribbins, actor, musical comedy artist and British douber.
• 1934: Ed Flanders, an American actor (f. 1995).
• 1934: Rodolfo Kuhn, Argentine filmmaker (f. 1987).

Mary Tyler Moore.

• 1936: Mary Tyler Moore, American actress (f. 2017).
• 1936: Saul Ubaldini, Argentine trade unionist (f. 2006).
• 1937: Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, a malicious politician.
• 1937: Edgardo Mesa, locutor, journalist and Argentine actor (f. 2019).
• 1938: Jon Voight, American actor.
• 1939: Ed Bruce, American singer and actor (f. 2021).
• 1940: Alfonso Lizarazo, a Colombian television and political presenter.
• 1942: Rick Danko, Canadian musician, of the band The Band (f. 1999).
• 1942: Jorge Alberto Leanza, Mexican football referee.
• 1943: Judy Henríquez, a leading Colombian film, theatre and television actress.
• 1944: Norberto Madurga, Argentine soccer player.
• 1946: Marianne Faithfull, British singer.
• 1946: Pablo Pérez-Mínguez, Spanish photographer (f. 2012).
• 1947: Ted Danson, American actor.
• 1947: Cozy Powell, British drummer, Whitesnake (f. 1998).
• 1948: Peter Robinson, Northern Irish politician.
• 1950: Luis Alberto de Cuenca, poet, essayist and Spanish philologist.
• 1950: Jon Polito, American actor (f. 2016).
• 1951: Pedro Catalano, Argentine footballer.
• 1951: Yvonne Elliman, American singer and actress.
• 1952: Mercedes Bengoechea, Spanish feminist sociolinguist.
• 1953: Gali Atari, an Israeli singer.
• 1953: Thomas Bach, president of the International Olympic Committee.
• 1953: Matthias Platzeck, German politician.
• 1953: Stanley Tookie Williams, American gang member (f. 2005).
• 1954: Norihito, Japanese prince.
• 1957: Bruce Beutler, American immunologist and geneticist.
• 1958: Ana Curra, Techlist and Spanish musician.
• 1959: Patricia Clarkson, American actress.
• 1959: Marco Antonio Solís, Mexican singer and musician.
• 1960: Thomas Lubanga, Congolese politician.
• 1961: Jim Reid, Scottish singer, of the band The Jesus and Mary Chain.
• 1962: Carles Puigdemont, Catalan politician.
• 1962: Wynton Rufer, New Zealand footballer.
• 1963: Dave McKean, British illustrator and designer.
• 1965: Dexter Holland, American musician, The Offspring band.
• 1967: Chris Barnes, American singer, Cannibal Corpse band.
• 1967: Evan Seinfeld, American actor and musician, of the Biohazard band.
• 1967: Lilly Wachowski, American filmmaker.
• 1969: Jennifer Ehle, American actress.
• 1969: Allan McNish, British motor racing pilot.
• 1970: Kevin Weisman, American actor.
• 1970: Enrico Chiesa, Italian footballer.
• 1971: Niclas Alexandersson, Swedish footballer.
• 1972: Jason Kreis, American footballer.

Jude Law.

• 1972: Jude Law, British actor.
• 1972: Jaromír Blažek, Czech footballer.
• 1973: Pimp C, American rapper (f. 2007).
• 1975: Teresa Perales, Spanish swimmer.
• 1977: Katherine Moennig, American actress.
• 1977: Miguel Ángel Villar Pinto, Spanish writer.
• 1977: Claudio Rodríguez Medellín, Mexican television driver.
• 1977: Claire Booth, Countess of Ulster
• 1978: Kieron Dyer, British footballer.
• 1979: Diego Luna, Mexican actor.
• 1980: Dorus de Vries, Dutch footballer.
• 1980: Ximena Ayala, Mexican actress.
• 1981: Shizuka Arakawa, Japanese ice skater.
• 1981: Natalia Jiménez, Spanish singer, of the band La Quinta Estación.
• 1983: Gonzalo Olave, Chilean actor (f. 2009).
• 1983: Anderson Gonzaga, Brazilian footballer.
• 1984: Priscilla Rivera, Dominican volleyballist.
• 1987: John Brayford, English footballer.
• 1989: Kei Nishikori, Japanese tennis player.
• 1989: Jane Levy, American actress.
• 1991: Denis Martin, an Argentine automotive pilot (f. 2015).
• 1992: Mislav Oršić, Croatian footballer.
• 1995: Ross Lynch, actor, singer, player and dancer.
• 1996: Dylan Minnette, American actor and musician.
• 1996: Sana, Japanese singer, member of the Twice group.
• 1997: Aimee Richardson, British actress.
• 1997: Michael Vogt, Swiss bobsleigh pilot.
• 1998: Paris Berelc, American actress.
• 1998: Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick, American actor.
• 1998: Victor Osimhen, Nigerian footballer.
• 1998: Emily Willis, pornographic actress and American erotic model.
• 1998: Aisha Rocek, Italian shirt.
• 1998: Jayvon Graves, American basketball player.
• 1999: Francisco Trincão, Portuguese footballer.
• 1999: Luca Rastelli, Italian cyclist.
• 1999: Andreas Skov Olsen, Danish footballer.
• 2000: Eliot Vassamillet, Belgian singer.
• 2000: Julio Rodríguez, Dominican baseball player.
• 2000: Yiren, Chinese singer, member of the EVERGLOW group.
• 2010: Savannah Phillips, a member of the British royal family.

Deaths

• 1170: Thomas Becket, prelate and British politician (n. 1118).
• 1689: Thomas Sydenham, British physician (n. 1624).
• 1720: Maria Winkelmann-Kirch, German astronomer (n. 1670).
• 1731: Luisa Hipólita de Monaco, aristocrat monegasque (n. 1697).
• 1731: Brook Taylor, British mathematician (n. 1685).
• 1743: Hyacinthe Rigaud, a French painter (n. 1659).
• 1814: Francis Rousset of Jesus and Roses, Mexican bishop (n. 1749).
• 1815: Sara Baartman, a South African slave of the San ethnic group, exhibited in British and French circuses (n. 1789).
• 1825: Jacques-Louis David, French painter (n. 1748).
• 1834: Thomas Robert Malthus, economist, clergy and British demographer (n. 1766).
• 1849: Dionisio Aguado y García, composer and classical Spanish guitarist (n. 1784).
• 1877: Adolfo Alsina, jurisconsulto and politician Argentinian (n. 1829).
• 1879: Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, poet, playwright, painter, urbanist and Brazilian diplomat (n. 1806).
• 1893: Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician (n. 1823).
• 1893: Lucio Vicente López, writer, journalist and Argentine politician (n. 1848).
• 1924: Carl Spitteler, Swiss writer, Nobel Prize in Literature in 1919 (n. 1845).
• 1925: Anna Kulishova, Russian anarchist (n. 1855).
• 1925: Felix Vallotton, French painter and engraver (n. 1865).
• 1926: Rainer Maria Rilke, Austrian writer (n. 1875).
• 1927: Francesco Flores D'Arcais, Italian mathematician (n. 1849).
• 1957: Juan José Morosoli, Uruguayan writer (n. 1899).
• 1958: Doris Humphrey, American choreographer and dancer (n. 1895).
• 1967: Paul Whiteman, director of American orchestra and pianist (n. 1890).
• 1970: Liliana Gelin, Argentinian guerrilla (n. 1949).
• 1972: Joseph Cornell, American artist (n. 1903).
• 1975: Francisco Díaz de León, Mexican artist (n. 1897).
• 1976: Joaquín Prieto Concha, lawyer, businessman and Chilean politician (n. 1892).
• 1980: Manuel Gago, writer and cartoonist (n. 1925).
• 1986: Harold Macmillan, British Prime Minister (n. 1894).
• 1986: Andrei Tarkovsky, Russian filmmaker (n. 1932).
• 1990: Manuel Molina, Spanish poet (n. 1917).
• 1991: Gabriela Gili, Argentine actress (n. 1945).
• 2000: Enrique Cuenca, actor, imitator and Mexican comedian (n. 1940)
• 2002: Don Clarke, a New Zealander (n. 1933).
• 2002: Lorenzo Miguel, trade union leader and Argentine metallurgical entrepreneur (n. 1927).
• 2007: Phil O'Donnell, British footballer (n. 1972).
• 2008: Freddie Hubbard, American jazz trumpetist (n. 1938).
• 2010: Avi Cohen, Israeli footballer (n. 1956).
• 2010: Manuel Veiga López, Spanish politician (n. 1935).
• 2010: Jorge Gabela, Ecuadorian military. Commander of the Ecuadorian Air Force between 2007 and 2008 during the government of Rafael Correa. (n. 1954).
• 2011: Rosman García, Venezuelan pitcher (n. 1979).
• 2012: Salvador Reyes Monteón, Mexican footballer (n. 1936).
• 2012: Alexandra Akimova, Soviet military aircraft (n. 1922)
• 2013: Eugenia Avendaño, Mexican actress (n. 1930).
• 2013: Wojciech Kilar, Polish composer (n. 1932).
• 2014: Odd Iversen, Norwegian footballer (n. 1945).
• 2015: Guru Josh, English discjockey (n. 1964).
• 2016: Néstor Gonçalvez, footballer and Uruguayan coach (n. 1936).
• 2017: Carmen Franco and Polo, Spanish aristocrat (n. 1926).
• 2020: Pierre Cardin, designer of French-Italian fashions (n. 1922).
• 2020: Luke Letlow, American politician (n. 1979).
• 2020: Leonidas Zegarra Uceda, Peruvian film director (n. 1949).
• 2021: Luis Rosario: Dominican Salesian priest (n. 1945).
• 2022: Pelé: Brazilian footballer (n. 1940).

Celebrations

SpainSpain

• Festivals in the town of Vegas de Matute (Province of Segovia).
• La Merendona, in Beniaján (Murcia).

Catholic saints list

• Santo Tomas BecketBishop and martyr (1170).
• Saint David, king and prophet.
• St. Trophy of Arles, bishop (s. III).
• Saint Libosius of Vaga, bishop and martyr (c. 258).
• Saint Martinian of Milan, bishop (c. 431).
• Saint Marcelo of Constantinople, Abbot (c. 480).
• San Ebrulfo de Oroër, abad (c. 596).
• Blessed Gerardo Cagnoli, religious (1342).
• Blessed William Howard, martyr (1680).
• Saints Benedicta Ion Kyong-nyon, Pedro Ch’oe Ch’ang-hub, Barbara Cho Chungi, Magdalena Han Yong-i, Isabel Chong Chong-hye, Barbara Ko Sun-i and Magdalena Yi Yongdog, martyrs (1839).
• beato José Aparicio Sanz, priest and martyr (1936).
• Blessed Enrique Juan Requena and José Perpiñá Nácher, martyrs (1936).
• Blessed Juan Bautista Ferreres Boluda, priest and martyr (1936).