Davis cup
The Davis Cup is an international tennis competition organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF). Unlike most international tennis tournaments, the Davis Cup does not involve individual players, but rather national teams made up of various players designated by their national sports federation. The Davis Cup, played since 1900, is a men's tournament held annually; the Billie Jean King Cup is its equivalent for female tennis players.
It is the largest annual sports tournament, as it has 133 different national teams during its 2019 edition. The country with the most titles is the United States with thirty-two. The current champion is Canada.
History
Origin and evolution of the trophy
The Davis Cup is named after its creator, Dwight Filley Davis, an American tennis player and politician born July 5, 1879. Together with Holcombe Ward, he won the United States national championship in doubles for three consecutive years, from 1899 to 1901. During this period, Davis conceived the idea of creating a national team competition in which the best Americans would face a team from the British Isles. The first meeting took place in 1900, at the Longwood Cricket Club in Brookline, on the outskirts of Boston, and the Americans beat the British 3-0. Davis, who played for the United States team, donated the money needed to make a silver goblet based on a design by Rowlan Rhodes based on a punch bowl topped with flower decorations 33 cm high and 43 cm in diameter. Inside this so-called salad bowl, the name of the tournament was engraved: "International Lawn Tennis Challenge Trophy", and the names of the participants were noted on its side. The competition had unsuspected continuity and, from 1945, the year Davis died (November 28), it was renamed the Davis Cup.
The custom of engraving the names of the finalists and winners on the Cup and the fact that it was not delivered as property meant that there was soon a lack of space for new notes. In 1921, Davis donated a 95 cm diameter silver tray as the base of the punch bowl, on which the finals from 1921 to 1933 were engraved. registration of 34 more editions. In 1969 it was necessary to add a second, wider base, which had space until 2002, when a third was added.
Tournament Structure
Starting in 2019, the tournament has a new format. It lasts a week and is held in a city chosen by lottery.
The qualifiers for this final phase are 18. They include the four semifinalists of the previous edition, two countries invited by the ITF. The remaining twelve places are covered by a play-off that is played in February. In the qualifying phase there are 24 teams that play twelve series head to head and the winners dispute the final phase.
In November, the 18 qualified teams fight for the title. The national teams are divided into six groups of three participants. The winners of each group and the two best runners-up qualify for the quarterfinals, the winners for the semifinals and then the final to define the champion.
As for the format of the series, two singles and one doubles are played. In the individual, the best of each country and the second of each country face each other. Matches are played to the best of three tie-break sets.
Each DT must play four players and a substitute, in case any of them have a difficulty. It is not allowed to repeat players, that is, if you have already played a game in that series, you cannot play again.
Championships per year
- Source: daviscup.com
Titles by country
Titles by country (since 1972)
From this year on, the current champion does not directly access the final of the following year that he hosts at home.
Notes:
- i = includes Czechoslovakia palms.
- † = extinct country.
Current structure (since 2019)
Level | Group | |||
1 | Final phase | |||
2 | Group 1 American Zone | Group 1 Euro/Africa Area | Group 1 Asia/Oceania | |
3 | Group 2 American Zone | Group 2 Euro/Africa Area | Group 2 Asia/Oceania | |
4 | Group 3 American Zone | Group 3 European Area | Group 3 African Area | Group 3 Asia/Oceania |
5 | Group 4 European Area | Group 4 African Area | Group 4 Asia/Oceania |
World Group (from 1981 to 2018)
Level | Group | |||
1 | Global Group | |||
2 | Group 1 American Zone | Group 1 Euro/Africa Area | Group 1 Asia/Oceania | |
3 | Group 2 American Zone | Group 2 Euro/Africa Area | Group 2 Asia/Oceania | |
4 | Group 3 American Zone | Group 3 European Area | Group 3 African Area | Group 3 Asia/Oceania |
5 | Group 4 Asia/Oceania |
Participations in the World Group
1981-2000
Since 2001
Summary
Date Updated: November 26, 2017
Representative Euro/Africa Zone. | |
American Zone Representative. | |
Asia/Oceania Representative |
Statistics
Human prizes by country, since the creation of the World Group in 1981
- Updated to 2021
Tennis players with the most match wins (World Group)
- Updated to November 2019
World Ranking
- Updated on 28 November 2022.
- For various reasons there was no competition in the years 1901, 1910, 1915-1918 and 1940-1945.
- In 1974 India refused to play the final for rejection of apartheid imposed in the rival country, South Africa.
Brands
- Nicola Pietrangeli has the largest number of games played, with 164 matches between single and double. It also has the record of victories with 120.
- The youngest player is the player of San Marino Marco De Rossi, with 13 years and 319 days.
- Older Vitorio Pedranlla, also San Marino, with 66 years and 144 days.
- The longest match was played by Czechs Tomáš Berdych and Lukáš Rosol in front of Swiss Stanislas Wawrinka and Marco Chiudinelli: 7 hours and 1 minute in 2013.
- The longest match in individual was played by Argentine Leonardo Mayer and Brazilian Joao Souza in the first round of the World Group in 2015: 6 hours and 42 minutes, with victory for Mayer for 7-6 / 7-6 / 5-7 / 5-7 and 15-13.
- The longest set, with a total of 76 games, was played by Stan Smith and Erik Van Dillen (United States) in front of Patricio Cornejo and Jaime Fillol (Chile), with the victory of the Chileans for 39-37.
- Only one team won the end dating back a 0-2 reverse. Australia did it in 1939 in front of the United States.
- Harry Hopman (1906-1985) was captain of the Australian Cup Davis team for 22 years, achieving the title on sixteen occasions (historic record). He was also a great trainer who formed tennis players like Roy Emerson, Rod Laver, Ken Rosewall, John Newcombe, Tony Roche, John McEnroe and Vitas Gerulaitis, among others. Harry Hopman gives name to the most important competition of mixed doubles, Hopman Cup.
Participation of Spanish-speaking teams
1/32 = removed from end braids | 1/16 = eliminated in sixteen finals | 1/8 = eliminated in eighth finals | 1/4 = eliminated in final quarters | SF = eliminated in semifinals | SC = subfielder | C = champion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gA/A = group A | gB/B = group B | PP = promotion and stay | ▲ = rise | ▼ = descend | PNA = Promotes and does not ascend | SP = No participants |
Progression by Spanish-speaking country
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