Cuautitlan Izcalli

Cuautitlán Izcalli is a city and one of the 125 municipalities that make up the State of Mexico. Its municipal seat is Cuautitlán Izcalli. It is located in the Valley of Mexico, and is part of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City. It borders to the north and northwest with Tepotzotlán, to the northeast and to the east with Cuautitlán, to the south with Tlalnepantla de Baz, to the southeast with Tultitlán, to the southwest with Atizapán de Zaragoza and to the west with the municipality of Nicolás Romero.

Identity elements

Shield

It is formed by a red triangle, fragmented in the center of each of its sides and with rounded corners, which represents the conjunction of the municipalities of Cuautitlán, Tepotzotlán and Tultitlán; Inside the triangle, a white circle stands out with ramifications towards each of the sides that form it. Forming a single image, a letter "C" appears integrated, in green, and a letter "I", in black.

Glyph

The glyph is formed by a tree with an open tooth in the center of the trunk, and means "abundance between the heads". The spindles or winches with cotton are the glyph that represented the goddess Tlazolteotl, protector of weavers, and Izcalli is represented by the glyph calli, "house".

Toponymy

The name of the municipality has its origin in the Nahuatl language, and means: “your house among the trees”. See: Cuahu(i)-tl (tree), tlan (between), iz (here) which takes the meaning “you” and calli (house), meaning that became the motto of the municipality.

History

There is proof that the place that the municipality occupies today has been important for more than two thousand years, when indigenous groups, including nomadic hunters and settled peoples, such as the Teotihuacanos, the Toltecs, the Chichimecas and the Olmecs, They occupied the territory. With the defeat and fall of Mexico-Tenochtitlan in 1521, the kingdom of Spain exercised its power in the newly conquered regions. Hernán Cortés entrusted the town of Cuautitlán to Alonso de Ávila and this, to his brother Gil González Dávila. During this time, Cuautitlán was one of the first places where the Franciscan friars taught their doctrine, because a nephew of Moctezuma Xocoyotzin, the Lord of Tenayuca, reigned there.

During the period of the war of independence, in order to control by the Spanish, the participation of the "rebels" in the war, a proclamation was issued to the sub-delegate of Cuautitlán, where the grace of pardon was offered to all those that belonged to its jurisdiction and that participated in the movement. Already promulgated, in 1827, the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Mexico, the Departmental Board decreed on December 23, 1837 that the department of Mexico be divided into 13 districts, of which the fourth was Cuautitlán.

In 1855, nine districts and 33 districts were delimited, and the fifth Tlalnepantla was named, made up of that locality, Cuautitlán, Tlalpan and Zumpango. The history and strategic location gave rise to the original towns of the municipality: Axotlán, San Juan Atlamica, La Aurora, Santa Bárbara Tlacatecpan, San José Huilango, San Lorenzo Riotenco, San Mateo Ixtacalco, San Martín Tepetlixpan, Santa María Tianguistengo, San Francisco Tepojaco, Santiago Tepalcapa, El Rosario, and San Sebastián Xhala.

To keep the workers close to the various factories that flourished in the city, especially in the town of La Aurora, 225 houses of adobe or tepetate partitions were built around the facilities known as rancherías. They had services such as: drinking water, drainage, bathrooms, a raya store called "La Vizcaya", a school (they were provided with supplies such as notebooks, pencils, books), streets and passenger cars for their transportation. La Vizcaya was the first factory in this area of Cuautitlán that shipped products by rail.

In 1965, Gonzalo Monroy Ortega, then municipal president of Cuautitlán, asked the local legislature to make the colony of La Aurora disappear to become part of the town of La Aurora, but this request was not answered positively., because the two towns are only separated by a canal. On April 1, 1961, La Vizcaya closed due to the competition that arose at that time with the production of petroleum products, which reduced the sale and distribution of natural fiber sacks.

On July 31, 1971, the then President of the Republic, Luis Echeverría Álvarez, laid the first stone of the city, located next to what is now the Sculpture Park. Originally, Cuautitlán Izcalli It was planned to be the first self-sufficient city in the metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico, and for this, a large part of the territory of the existing municipalities was taken, such as Cuautitlán, Tepotzotlán, Tultitlán and Atizapán de Zaragoza. Like many other projects of the time, one of the objectives of building this city was the regulation of population growth and the reduction of congestion in the metropolitan area. The city was created based on the plans of European and American cities, which helped transform the land into appropriate areas for the establishment of work, service and housing centers, with the idea of having sports and industrial areas, residential areas and green areas.

On May 1, 1972, President Luis Echeverría, together with the then Governor of the State of Mexico Carlos Hank González, made the symbolic delivery of 225 houses, and also began to operate the first telegraph office in Cuautitlán Izcalli; but it was not until August 21 of the same year, when the keys to the first 227 houses were handed over to normal school teachers from the entity and the first “Conasuper” shopping center was inaugurated in the vicinity of Plaza Isidro Fabela, in Cumbria.

Decree Number 71 of the H. XLV Legislature of the State of Mexico, signed on June 22, 1973, stipulates that the official name of municipality number 121 of the State of Mexico is Cuautitlán Izcalli:

"The municipality of Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico is created, and the polygonal that is based on the points of reference in the aforementioned decree is defined as limits to this municipality. »

Congress of the State of Mexico, XLV Legislature

Once the official designation of the city was finalized, the first political administration of the municipality was headed by the lawyer Gabriel Marcelino Ezeta Moll, who began his activities with a limited budget that amounted to 3 million 103 thousand 166 pesos until the end of 1973. Playing the role of ruler from 1973 to 1976, the first seats of government were established first in the "Calmecac" secondary school in Cumbria, then in four houses on Jocotitlán street, later in some offices installed in the upper part of a sub-commercial center located on Jilotzingo street, and finally it was not until 1976 that a government building was established that began to function as the municipal presidency. The headquarters was inaugurated by the lawyer Luis Cuauhtémoc Riojas Guajardo, who was elected as the second municipal president of Izcalli after the end of the term of governance of Gabriel Marcelino.

Panoramic photography taken in 2011 from the Sierra de Guadalupe. At the bottom, the tallest white building belongs to the shopping and hospital Moon Parc, located in Izcalli. In addition to the municipality, other brotherly places that can be seen are Tepotzotlán, Tultitlán, and part of Cuautitlán.

Politics

Karla Fiesco in 2011, the current president of the municipality.

Municipal President	Period of government	Political party
Gabriel Marcelino Ezeta Moll	1973-1976	Unknown
Luis Cuauhtémoc Riojas Guajardo	1976-1978
Roberto Pineda Gómez	1979-1981
Juan Manuel Tovar Estrada	1982-1984
Lorenzo Vera Osorno	1985-1987
Axel García Aguilera	1988-1990
Caroso Beltrán	1991-1993
Fernando García Cuevas	1 January 1994-31 December 1996	PRI
Julián Angulo Góngora	1 January 1997-17 August 2000	PANEL
Fernando Covarrubias Zavala	18 August 2000-17 August 2003	PANEL
Alfredo Durán Reveles	18 August 2003-17 August 2006	PANEL
David Ulises Guzmán Palma	18 August 2006-17 August 2009	PANEL
Alejandra del Moral Vela	18 August 2009-31 December 2012	PRI
Carlos Saldívar González	3 February 2012-31 December 2012	PRI
Héctor Karim Carvallo Delfín	1 January 2013-31 December 2015	PRI
Erik Martínez Domínguez	17 March 2015-31 December 2015	PRI
Víctor Manuel Estrada Garibay	1 January 2016-31 December 2018	PANAL
Ricardo Núñez Ayala	1 January 2019-31 December 2021	Brunette PT PES
Karla Leticia Fiesco García	1 January 2022-31 December 2024	PANEL PRI PRD

Demographics

Religion

Cuautitlán Izcalli is one of the municipalities with the largest number of Catholic patron saint festivities in the region.

On June 9, 2014, Pope Francis created the Diocese of Izcalli.

Cuautitlán Izcalli has various temples, two of which date from the 17th century:

• San Lorenzo Rio Tenco (also part of the centuryXVI)
• Santa Barbara Tlacatecpan

And two from the 18th century:

• San Juan Atlamica
• San Mateo Ixtacalco

Public services

To mention some of the services that the municipality has, it includes:

• Municipal police
• Municipal Red Cross
• Firefighters and civil protection

Operagua Institution (left side of the image).

• Water Supply in the municipality

• Public health:
  • General Hospital of Area 57 of IMSS
    (Av. del Parque S/N, col. Sta María Guadalupe La Quebrada)
  • IMSS Family Medicine Unit Clinic No.52
    (Av. Nevado de Toluca S/N, col. Infonavit Norte)
  • DIF Maternal Clinic

Colonies

The neighborhoods of the municipality are listed below:

Villages

Cuautitlán Izcalli was formed from 13 original towns:

Geography

It has a territorial extension of 109.54 square kilometers, representing 0.5% of the surface of the State of Mexico.

The highest portions are located to the south of the municipality at a maximum elevation of 2430 m a.s.l. no. m. (meters above sea level) and the lowest is to the west with 2200 m s. no. m., the municipal seat is at 2280 m s. no. m.

Location and access

The municipality of Cuautitlán Izcalli is located in the northwestern part of the Basin of Mexico. It has a land area of 109,924 km².

Its location is along the infrastructure chain formed by the México-Querétaro, México-Pachuca, México-Puebla, Chamapa-Lechería, and Peñón-Texcoco highways, with which a large number of urban areas are connected through high-specification highways, and integrated in turn, to the regions of Toluca, Puebla, Hidalgo and Querétaro. Izcalli is also connected to the Suburban Train.

It has four entrances: the entrance of Constitución avenue, Chalma avenue, Adolfo López Mateos avenue, México Cuautitlán avenue. The authorities of Cuautitlán Izcalli, in coordination with the government of the State of Mexico, built the James Watt bridge, which increased by 75 percent the capacity of vehicles at the entrance of the Mexico-Cuautitlán highway.

Hydrography

Laguna de Axotlán in 2011.

The main water currents in Izcalli are the Cuautitlán River, which crosses an approximate extension of 40 km of the municipal territory, and the Hondo de Tepotzotlán River. The main bodies of water in the municipality are:

• Presa de Guadalupe
• Laguna de la Piedad
• Mirror of the Lirios
• Presa de Angulo
• Laguna de Axotlán

Lake Guadalupe

Lake Guadalupe is a dam that was built between 1936 and 1943, for flood control and irrigation. It extends over 348 hectares, being 2,200 meters above sea level. It belongs to the Moctezuma river basin.

The dam is the second most important body of water in the Valley of Mexico, and is supplied by the Cuautitlán, Xinte and San Pedro rivers. As of 2006, as a result of the death of hundreds of fish between the months of In May 2004 and February 2005, the Guadalupe Dam Basin Commission was created, with the objective of restoring the natural resources of this sub-basin, in addition to promoting sustainable development, having this water resource as its main axis.

Ecosystems

Horses around the lake of Guadalupe.

The municipality has a great variety of vegetation, mainly made up of forests and grasslands. The former occupy a land area of approximately 451 hectares. The main reason why the municipality has several green areas is because the initial construction lands were covered by several plains.

Natural areas

The Guadalupe Dam is a protected natural area that is shared with Nicolás Romero, a neighboring municipality of Izcalli. As it is a protected area with the category of state park, it falls under the exclusive jurisdiction and jurisdiction of the State of Mexico, therefore It is administered by the Secretary of the Environment of the Government of the State of Mexico, through the State Commission for Natural Parks and Fauna (CEPANAF).

Other green areas in the city include the Espejo de los Lirios Park, the Central Park, and the Axotlán lagoon, a body of water belonging to the town of the same name that dates back to 1627. Despite Since this lagoon is also considered a protected area, there have been several times when businessmen have sought to dry it out in order to build, highlighting the attempts in 2002, 2010, 2014, and 2021.

Economy

The city's shopping malls include Centro San Miguel, San Marcos Power Center, and Luna Parc, which compete with Galerías Perinorte to the south of the municipality. Ford Motor Company's Cuautitlán assembly plant is headquartered in in Izcalli, assembling Fiestas (Ford F-100 before 2010). Companies such as Alpura and Becton Dickinson installed their industrial plants in this municipality.

Culture

Some of the cultural centers and places that Izcalli has include:

• The Centro Regional de Cultura Cuautitlán Izcalli, a cultural space managed by the Mexiquense Institute of Culture, which provides ballet workshops, Mexican folklore dance, theatre, guitar, piano, children's theatre, singing, among other classes.
• The Mexican State Square, opened on April 20, 2013 in homage to the Mexican Army and the Mexican Air Force, is located on the side of Mexico-Querétaro Autopista.
• The Sculpture Park, which offers an atmosphere in nature, accompanied by the art of the sculptor Charlotte Yazbek.
• The Teatro San Benito Abad, which belongs to the private school Centro Escolar del Lago, has a capacity of 1500 spectators.

Sports

Arena Mom Fight-S

Arena Mama Lucha-S is a professional wrestling arena and promotion, opened on November 16, 2019.

Hugo Sánchez Stadium

The Hugo Sánchez Stadium is a stadium inaugurated in 2003, which is also used for family outings.

Education

Preschool, primary and secondary school

High Schools

Universities