Corinthian order
The Corinthian order is the most ornate of the classical architectural orders, characterized by plant decoration composed of acanthus leaves acquiring a curved shape. The Roman architect Vitruvius of the 1st century BC. C. in his work De architectura attributes the creation of it to Callimachus in the 5th century BC. C. through a myth. The first known use of a Corinthian capital dates from 427 BC. C. in Basas, a place near the city of Figalia de Arcadia. Essentially it is similar to the Ionic order, from which it basically differs in the shape and size of the capital. One of the most notable constructions executed according to the stylistic guidelines of the Corinthian order is the monument of Lysicrates in Athens, built around the year 334 B.C. c.
It is characterized by the following peculiarities:
- The column is equipped with base. It is a support piece composed of three moulds: two circular brushes or bulls media and an intercalated scot between both that can be adorned by a listeles. At times, this base in turn supports a plinth, a small square floor prismatic piece.
- The fuse is circular and has a slight entasis. It is cornered by 24 estrías separated by thin longitudinal steaks. The total size of the column is usually twenty modules and the same one of sixteen and two thirds.
- The capital is the most representative element of this order and is recognized by its appearance of inverted bell or basket from which the acant leaves are filled, whose stems give rise to a kind of volutes or spirals (translation) in the four corners.
- The entablament usually measures a fifth of the total order. It consists of:
- The arquitrabe, which is usually decomposed in three superimposed and staggered horizontal bands (fasciae).
- The frieze is a continuous band (without metopas or triglyphs) adorned with a succession of figures in relief. Charge directly on the archaic.
- The cornice crowned by the alero forms a sausage that usually has a topaz moulding.
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