Cabana (Pallasca)
Cabana, founded as Santiago de Caguana in 1711, is a city in north-central Peru, capital of the district of the same name and of the province of Pallasca, located in the north of the department of Ancash. Its Spanish foundation dates back to the 18th century, but its origin dates back to pre-Inca times.
Since October 30, 1901, it held the title of "town and capital of the province of Pallasca", a situation that changed in 1914 when it was granted the title of "capital city". The urban area of Cabana has more than thirty blocks, divided into four neighborhoods: Huayumaca, Pacchamaca, Trujillo and San Jerónimo. In the vicinity of the city of Cabana are the annexes of San Martín, La Florida, Huambo and Aija.
Toponymy
Formerly it was called "Caguana" or some similar phonetics, a cully word that means: "repair" or "contemplate", this coincides with the first legend of the town.
As the Spanish occupied the region, it was difficult for them to pronounce the word with the original phonetics, which was close to "Caguana" and they changed it to Cabana, as it currently appears in the books of the Santiago Apóstol Parish.
Some people who preserved the oral tradition of Cabana reported that the last person who spoke Kully died in 1925. Currently there are many place names that preserve some phonetics of the Kully language, which are characterized by the combination "sh& #3. 4;. Examples: Shindol, Sháñuque, Shinga, etc.
History
Colonial period
In 1711 he formed the town of Caguana with the Parish of Santiago de Caguana y Huandoval.
The first parish priest was Juan José Torrejón Velasco, licensed vicar, commissioner of the Holy Crusade for the province of Conchucos. At that time, religious ceremonies were divided into four classes: Indians, foreigners, Spaniards, and mestizos. Several parish priests have committed suicide in that parish.
Independence and republic
Cabana was created by Provisional Regulations on February 12, 1821 and then included the extensive province of Conchucos.
By means of the Law of December 2, 1856, Cabana was elevated to the rank of district, a year later this law was sanctioned by the provisional president Ramón Castilla.
In 1861 the province of the Conchucos was divided into two provinces: Pallasca and Pomabamba, the first with its capital Corongo and the second with its capital Pomabamba.
On October 30, 1901, Cabana was elevated by Law to the rank of Capital of the province of Pallasca, this Law also gave it the title of "Villa" and on November 18, 1914 it obtained the rank of City according to the Law No. 2631, at the proposal of the Presbyter Teodoro Teodoro Meléndez Gonzales (deputy: 1889-1891) and specified by Don Fausto Valdeavellano (deputy: 1901-1906).
On January 26, 1943, by Law No. 9821 the province of Pallasca was divided into two provinces: Pallasca with its capital Cabana and Corongo with its capital Corongo. This law applies to the present.
Cabana with its impressive blue sky, has a varied climate all year round, great richness in flora and fauna and the people are very hospitable.
Climate
 Average Cabana climate parameters | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Ene. | Feb. | Mar. | Open up. | May. | Jun. | Jul. | Ago. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Annual |
| Average temperature (°C) | 19.3 | 18.8 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19.8 | 20.1 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 19.7 | 19.8 | 20 | 19.5 |
| Average temperature (°C) | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.2 | 12.5 | 11.8 |
| Temp. medium (°C) | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 3 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 4.1 |
| Source: climate-data.org | |||||||||||||
Heritage
Cultural heritage
Festivities
- Holy Week. Holy Week is celebrated in Cabana for a whole week.
- Palm Sunday: The procession of Jesus is celebrated on a donkey represented the entrance of Jesus to Jerusalem.
- Monday and Holy Tuesday: Mass and religious celebrations.
- Holy Wednesday: Mass and procession of Jesus and the Virgin Mary representing the encounter of these two religious characters when Jesus was taken to the place of his crucifixion.
- Holy Thursday: Mass and foot wash to the brothers of the Brotherhood of Holy Thursday. Large street procession of the image of Jesus Crucified.
- Good Friday: Death of Jesus. At three o'clock in the afternoon, the set of Jesus is made on the cross, then at 8 o'clock in the evening the seed is made, putting the image in a urn for this occasion. Then procession through the streets of Cabana de la urna with Jesus. The procession can return to church at 1 2 a.m. the next day.
- Holy Saturday: Mass and procession of the risen Jesus.
- Sunday of Glory: Jesus is alive. Mass.
- Patron Festival in honor of the Apostle Santiago El Mayor. From July 16th to July 25th, thousands of Cabanists and visitors from around the world arrive to Cabana to enjoy and participate in the Feast in Honor to the Chief Apostle Santiago.
For two weeks, cabana members and visitors spread joy and euphoria to the beat of different bands of musicians, discos, fireworks, beer, liquor, etc, etc. First-time visitors are fascinated and promise to return.
- Anniversary of Cabana. On October 30, Cabana's anniversary is celebrated as the capital of the province of Pallasca. Different cultural and sporting activities are held on this date.
- The virgin of Llactabamba. In November, the Virgin of Llactabamba was brought and taken from her church in the Llactabamba to Cabana and vice versa.
A cabana is accompanied by diverse clothing of devils, at night they perform their mass.
- Every day there is a devotee; when going to the home of the devotee they wear the people with sweets whether it be rocky, bread, biscuit, orange, banana and caramel and so on until they return to the Virgin of Llactabamba. Also with his devil's clothing, people accompany him to the rhythm of the cashiers or gang.
- Christmas. As in Holy Week and the Patrons, thousands of Cabanists arrive to Cabana to meet with their families and celebrate together the birth of Jesus around the births, typical Cabanist creations.
Typical dances
They represent past events as a tribute to the beliefs, desires and reflections of a people, we would say that the dances update the history of a place and its inhabitants. In the Andean world, dances have been preserved for centuries. In Cabana, homage is paid to the Patron Saint Apostle Santiago with colorful dances, among them we have: La Mojiganga, Los Blanquillos and Las Kiyayas; each one with varied components between choreography, costumes, songs, music and interpretation.
- The Mojiganga. Word that in Spanish means Fucking funny., this print was implanted by the Spaniards, represent the social situation of the people, shows characters from various social strata.
- The mojiganga can be seen in two moments at the patronal party, which is celebrated every year in the month of July, (1) very early when they walk the main streets of the city inviting the general public to the walk of res (torete) that will be delivered in the afternoon to one of the devotees (majordomos) of the party, and (2) in the afternoon when they give the walk of res (torete) and dance to the cabbies.
- The characters that are represented are: the pattern and patronage that are the dinered people and those who sent in the place; the pastor and the pastor represent the mestizos or the people of the field and the vilche is the intermediate character, expresses the power of dominance over the vacunos.
- The pattern dress is very luxurious. The man wears stubs, hat and wears a stick, the lady looks dressed, veil, wallet and taco shoes.
- The shepherds wear an elegant outfit, suitable for the party. The lady wears a skirt, blouse, eyets and straw hat and, the shepherd wears berry pants, shirt, wool poncho, paddle, straw hat and a whip in her hand.
- The vilche wears a embroidered suit with fine gold or silver threads, a crown of colored feathers with mirrors and, on the back, wears a reminiscent enjalma that is made of painted fabric or embroidered pan with gold bread threads and presents various motifs, also carries on the neck a doll (tape button) and on the waist a stitched or painted).
Everyone wears special masks or faces.
- The Blanquillos. Groups of warriors who were born from the reaction against Spanish domination, as did the “huancas” and the “shacshas”. The whites traveled many places of the Conchuco Culture, where the Spanish were established to kill them.
- The groups of warriors were formed by pashas, Spaniards and mestizos. The city's Plaza de Armas was going out in the early mornings, so this dance presents the struggle for the power of those years. For those days, “Pashas” spoke in “cully” language and worshiped the “Catequilla” god.
- This seamstress print is appreciated on 24 and 25 July every year. The whites dance through the main streets of the city accompanying the procession of the “Apostol Santiago El Mayor and El Menor”. The group consisting of 10 or 12 people, wear an elegant dress made of pana fabric, with ornaments of gold bread threads (in Spanish style), carry a mask or face, a crown of colored feathers and a handkerchief of colors. In their journey, they have the peculiar style of dancing in front of a person and place the handkerchief (on the shoulder), who rewards this singular distinction with money, sweets or soda
- The Kiyayas. It comes from the word cully that means “consecrated women”, were meant to worship the “God Catequilla” and other gods (sun, moon, lightning and rainbow). They were always around the priests and the chief of the hierarchy of the Pashas. With the arrival of the Spaniards, this practice tried to exterminate it with its decrees and laws dictated against the cults, customs and languages.
- The Kiyayas survived these abuses but as a folklore, they always fulfilled the provisions of a leader to pay tribute to a character or to participate in religious activities. Like the “blanquillos”, the “kiyayas” are presented in tribute to the Apostle Santiago. They wear a black skirt with an opening to the side, adorned with gold bread threads and golden or silvery fats, under the skirt they wore several white fustans adorned with special fabrics and with motifs of the Pashas culture, a white blouse with wide and bulky sleeves, on the head carries a crown of colorful flowers and goes covered with a thin tulle, the shoes are usually made of light leather. They're all dressed in silver jewelry. In their journey the kiyayas sing praise songs to the patron guardian of the city and dance in group to the compass of the rodents or cashiers.
- The Bull of Trap. Danza ribumbrista in tribute to the Virgin of Llactabamba. They accompany the “mamita” on the rise to Cabana and on the return to their temple every year in the month of November. The rag bull is made on a wooden frame, lined with a white cloth and a black handkerchief on its back is loaded by a skilled volunteer who dances joyfully around the Virgin and enjoys the children with horny simulates.
Historical heritage
Cabana has several archaeological monuments, the best known being "El Caserón" of Pashas. A magnificent archaeological monument that is located one mile from Cabana and that represents the culture of the Pashas, ancient inhabitants of Cabana.
We also found archaeological remains in Mashgonga.
Cabana has a modern archaeological museum.
In Cabana you can do adventure sports.
Featured cabana artists
- Alejandro Toledo Manrique. He was the president of the Republic of Peru in the period 2001-2006, born in the village of Ferrer, belonging to the district of Bolognesi, but he appears as a Cabanist as he was registered in the municipality of Cabana.
Photo Gallery
Stone carved of the culture Pashas, Cabana, Region Ancash - Peru. Sun surrounded by four fabulous animals, currently on the church wall
Stone carved of the culture Pashas, Cabana, Region Ancash - Peru
Stone carved of the culture Pashas, Cabana, Region Ancash - Peru
Culture Pashas, Cabana, Region Ancash - Peru
Bajorrelieve found in Cabana, Ancash region, Peru, Pashas culture, as recorded in publication by Charles Wiener, 1880, representing quadruped with tongue and crin finished in snakes
Bajorrelieve found in Cabana, region Ancash, Peru, culture Pashas, according to print in publication of Charles Wiener, 1880, representing perhaps alcocc seated, fabulous animal resembling a dog
granite head originally Pashas culture, according to print in publication of Charles Wiener, 1880, originally in Cabana
granite head originally Pashas culture, according to print in publication of Charles Wiener, 1880, originally in Cabana
granite head originally Pashas culture, according to print in publication of Charles Wiener, 1880, originally in Cabana
Granite head chewing coca leaves ball, according to publication of Charles Wiener, 1880
Bajorrelieve warrior Pashas, as recorded in publication of Charles Wiener, 1880
Current Arms Square, Cabana, Ancash Region - Peru
Feast in honor of the Apostle Santiago, no invitation is required, only the desire to participate
Fireworks - Fiesta in honor of the Apostle Santiago - burning of castles
Paseo de res, amenized by the Mojiganga and the Chirocos, precede the general dance
Estampa costumbrista: Los Blanquillos, amenizan la Fiesta del Apostól Santiago de Cabana
Information media
- Digital Journal of News BOLOGNESI NEWS http://www.bolognesinoticias.com
- Deejay & Audiovisual Editor: DJ LOCO CABANA-PERU https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTf1_epLWqnd8nIznI2i-TQ/?sub_confirmation=1