Brigham young university

The Brigham Young University (BYU), located in Provo, Utah, USA, is a private, co-educational university owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and works under the auspices of its Church Educational System. Approximately 98% of the 34,000 students at BYU are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Additionally, two-thirds of US students come from outside the state of Utah. About 70% of BYU's cost of operations is funded by Church tithing funds, making the cost of education relatively lower than other comparable private universities. The university's primary focus is on undergraduate education, but it also offers graduate programs (68 master's programs and 25 doctoral programs, including the doctor of law program). The university also offers a wide variety of foreign language classes.

History

Brigham Young, the college eponymous

Early days

In 1862 a man named Warren Dusenberry started a makeshift school in a prominent adobe building called Cluff Hall, which was located on the northeast corner of 200 East, 200 North in Provo. On October 16, 1875, Brigham Young, then president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, personally purchased the Lewis Building after hinting that a school would be built in Draper, Utah in 1867. Thus, on October 16, 1875 is known as the founding date of BYU. The school was separated from the University of Deseret and named "Brigham Young Academy" with classes beginning on January 3, 1876. Warren Dusenberry served as the school's interim principal for several months until April 1876, when Brigham Young's election for official principal—a German immigrant named Karl G. Maeser—was given. The school did not become a university, however, until the end of Benjamin Cluff's term as president. At that time, the school was still privately supported by members of the community and was not officially sponsored by the LDS Church of Jesus Christ until July 18, 1896. Despite differing opinions, the institution soon became well known. such as Brigham Young University.

In 1903, Brigham Young Academy was dissolved and replaced by two institutions: Brigham Young High School (preparatory school), and Brigham Young University (BYU). George H. Brimhall was elected as the new BYU President. Under his direction, in 1904 BYU purchased 17 acres (0.03 mi²) of land called & # 34;Temple Hill & # 34; (Temple Hill). Construction for the first building on the current campus, the Karl G. Maeser Building, began in 1909. Brimhall also presided over the university during a brief crisis over the theory of evolution, which, Joseph F. Smith, President of the Church, requested that it not be taught in the school for a period of time.

Expansion

The Abraham O. Smoot building, the main administrative building of the Provo campus

Franklin S. Harris was appointed president of the university in 1921, becoming the first BYU president to hold a doctoral degree. Early in his administration, the school was not officially recognized as a university by any accrediting organization. But at the end of its term, the school was accredited by the most important accrediting organizations of that time. Harris was succeeded by Howard S. McDonald, who received his Ph.D. from the University of California. When he was just starting the job, World War II had just ended, and BYU was flooded by thousands of students. By the end of his tenure, the school had grown nearly fivefold to an enrollment of 5,440 students. The university did not have the facilities to handle such a large input, so he bought part of an army base in Ogden, Utah and redid it to house some of the students. The next president, Ernest L. Wilkinson, also oversaw a period of intense growth, so the school adopted an accelerated construction schedule. Wilkinson was responsible for the construction of more than eighty structures on campus, most of which are still in use today.During his tenure, the student body increased sixfold, making BYU the largest private college of its time.. President Wilkinson also reorganized the LDS Church units on campus, with ten stakes and more than 100 wards.

Dallin H. Oaks replaced Wilkinson as president in 1971. Oaks continued the expansion, adding a School of Law and proposing plans for a new School of Management. A new library was also added during his administration, doubling the library space on campus.Jeffrey R. Holland was the next president. He believed that the school's greatest strength was its religious nature and that this should be harnessed. During his administration, the university added a campus in Jerusalem, now called the BYU Jerusalem Center. In 1989, Jeffrey R. Holland was succeeded by Rex E. Lee. Lee was responsible for the construction of the Benson Science Building and the Art Museum on campus. In 1996 Merrill J. Bateman became president. Bateman was Responsible for the construction of 36 new buildings for the university on and off campus, including the expansion of the Harold B. Lee Library. A BYU satellite TV network was also started in 2000 under his leadership. Bateman was also president during the September 11, 2001 attacks and led a prayer service immediately afterward. Bateman was followed by Cecil O. Samuelson in 2003, and Samuelson was followed by Kevin J. Worthen in 2014. Worthen is the current president.

Academy

Position

In 2008, the U.S. News & World Report ranked BYU no. 79 in the United States (overall). The Princeton Review has also placed BYU in several categories, including as the third best value for a university in the United States in 2005[10] and best value for college in 2007.[11] BYU also has one of the best libraries in the country[12] and is designated a Carnegie Research University with High Research Activity, one of the highest rankings from the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. [13] BYU is also ranked no. 19 in the U.S. News & World Report within the classification of "Good Schools, Good Prices", and in position no. 12 in the lowest debt contracted by students. [14]

The Harold B Library. Lee is constantly ranked among the top ten in the US. U.S.

The Marriott School of Management has received recognition in several areas, most notably its accounting and business programs. The Marriott School was ranked as no. 1 in its industry according to a 2007 analysis by the Wall Street Journal and Harris Interactive. BusinessWeek [15] ranked the Marriott School of Management as no. 8 in its Business degree program in 2007[16] while Financial Times rated it no. 1 in the nation in the same year. [17] On the emphasis on morality (ethics), a 2006 Wall Street Journal article ranked BYU no. 2 in the nation. [14] His accounting program always gets good grades. Recently, [20] the U.S. News & World Report ranked BYU no. 3 in the nation for 2008.[20]

BYU scientists have created some remarkable inventions. Philo T. Farnsworth, the inventor of television, was educated by him at BYU, and later returned to do fusion research, receiving a Ph.D. with honors from the university. Harvey Fletcher, a BYU alumnus, conducted the famous oil-drop experiment with Robert Millikan. The Computer Science department developed and currently maintains phpLDAPadmin and also developed the algorithm that is the basis of the Magnetic Lasso in Adobe Photoshop.

Admissions

BYU accepted 74% of the 10,010 applicants for admission in 2007. [41] The averages for the ACT and GPA for these admitted students were 27.9 and 3.78, respectively. [41]. The U.S. News and the World Report describe BYU's selectivity as “more selective” [42] and compare it to universities such as the University of Texas [43] and Ohio Public University. [44]

Study Abroad Programs

BYU administers many study abroad programs, with satellite centers in London, Jerusalem, and Paris, as well as more than 20 other sites. [35] Nearly 2,000 students take advantage of these programs each year. In 2001, the Institute of International Education ranked BYU number one in the US for its efforts to offer these types of programs. [36][37][38][39]

Religion classes

All students, regardless of religion, must take a total of 14 hours of religious courses during their time at BYU in order to graduate (degree). Students have some flexibility with these religious courses, although they must take at least two courses covering the Book of Mormon, one covering the Doctrine and Covenants, and one on the New Testament.

Language program

An extraordinary aspect of BYU is its abundance of foreign studies and the high quality of languages. More than three quarters of its students can speak a second language (adding 107 languages in total). All this thanks to the fact that close to 45% of BYU students have served as missionaries for The Church and many of them learned a foreign language as part of their mission assignment. During any given semester, about a third of the enrollment takes foreign language classes--nearly four times the national average. BYU offers courses in more than 60 different languages, many with advanced courses that are rarely offered elsewhere. The university was chosen by the US Department of Education as the location of the National Middle East Language Resource Center, making the school a center for experts in that region.

Notable Research and Awards

Scientists associated with BYU have created some remarkable inventions. Philo T. Farnsworth, inventor of electronic television, was educated by him at BYU, and later returned to investigate fusion, receiving an honorary degree from the university. Harvey Fletcher, fellow BYU alumnus, inventor of stereophonic sound, went on to perform the famous oil drop experiment with Robert Millikan, and was later Founding Dean of the BYU College of Engineering. H. Tracy Hall, inventor of the man-made diamond, left General Electric in 1955 and became BYU professor of chemistry and director of research. While there, he invented a new type of diamond press, the tetrahedral press .

Organization

Brigham Young University is part of the Church Educational System (CES) of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It is organized under the Board of Trustees, with the current President of the Church, Russell M. Nelson, as director. BYU's President, currently Kevin J. Worthen, works cooperatively with the board. In total, BYU has 194 degree programs, 68 master's programs, 25 doctoral programs, and one juris doctor program. These programs They are administered by 11 schools:

Campus

The main campus spans about 1.5 miles, located at the base of the Wasatch Mountains, and includes 295 buildings. The buildings feature a wide variety of architectural styles, each building being built in the style of its time. The grass, trees and flowers are kept immaculate. Also, the view of the Wasatch Mountains (including Mount Timpanogos) can be seen from the campus. The Harold B. Lee Library, which was classified as a "Great College Library" number 1 by The Princeton Review in 2004, it has some 8.5 million items in its collections, it has 158 km of shelves and can accommodate 4,600 people. The Spencer W. Kimball Tower contains various university departments as well as programs and is the tallest building in Provo, Utah. In addition, the Marriott Center, used as a basketball court, can accommodate 22,000 people, being one of the largest basketball courts in the United States.

Student Housing

Single students have four housing options: Heritage Halls, Helaman Halls, Wyview Park and the FLSR. Married students may live at Wymount Terrace.

• Heritage Halls is a complex of twenty-four campus housing that offers living in a stylish apartment. The rooms at the student house are divided by gender into separate buildings. Each building has ten to fourteen units with capacity to accommodate six people each.
• Helaman Halls is a more modern complex and has recently been the subject of a 12-year renovation covering 1991 to 2004. Helaman Halls is a six module building, with bedroom and living room. Residents share a room (large than Heritage Halls), with another resident, but do not have their own kitchen and use shared bathrooms. Residents are required to have a meal plan, and eat at the recently refurbished Cannon Center Commons Room.
• Wyview Park was originally built for families in 1996, but this changed in 2006 when the complex began to house single students to counter the loss of single accommodation in other areas. It has 30 buildings that offer student apartments, with the option of sharing room or not.
• The Foreign Language Student Residence is a complex of 25 apartments where students speak exclusively the foreign language they study. Linguistic immersion can be given in nine languages and students are accompanied by a native resident throughout the year to improve the experience.

Married students can be accommodated at Wymount Terrace, which contains a total of 462 apartments spread over 24 buildings.

Various branches of the BYU Creamery provide basic food and bread to students living in Heritage Halls, Wymount, Wyview and the FLSR. Helaman Halls is served by a central cafeteria called the Cannon Center. The BYU Creamery, established in 1949, has become a BYU tradition and is also frequented by university visitors and community members.

Sustainability

BYU has designated energy, product and material conservation, recycling, space planning and building design, student engagement, transportation, water conservation, and zero-loss events as top priority categories for be an environmentally sustainable campus.

The university has stated "we have a responsibility to be wise stewards of the earth and its resources." BYU is working to increase the energy efficiency of its buildings by installing multi-speed drives on all pumps and fans, replacing incandescent light fixtures with fluorescent lighting, retrofitting campus buildings with low-e reflective glass, and improved roof insulation to prevent heat loss. Student groups from the BYU Recycling Department, Eco-Response, and BYU Earth educate students, faculty, employees, and administrators about how to reduce environmental impact on campus. The Department of Recycling spearheaded the recent drive to recycle plastics, which the university launched after a year of campaigning by students.

Demographics

The Eyring Science Center hosts a planetarium and a Foucault pendulum.

BYU is attended by students from all over the United States and many other countries as well (in 2001, there were 1,600 students from 110 different countries). Membership is not required, but 98% of students are members of the church.

Language programme

75% of men and 12% of women have served as missionaries for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Half of these served in places where English was not the primary language. Seventy-two percent of the students speak a second language, and a large portion of the faculty is fluent in a language other than American English. During any given semester, almost 25% of students are enrolled in language courses, which is three times the national average. BYU is known for its foreign language and linguistics training and offers courses in 74 languages (according to President Bateman, Fall 2002). That includes many rare languages that are taught at an advanced level. Multilingual students were a valuable resource during the 2002 Winter Olympics.

Student Life

BYU's social and cultural environment is unique and conservative. Since the majority of students are also members of the Church, the rules of the Church are broadened considerably.

Code of Honor

Every student and faculty member is required to abide by the honor code. This code governs academic conduct, morality, and the manner of dress and grooming, with the purpose of providing an environment that follows the principles of the church. Students agree to: be honest, chaste, and virtuous; refrain from consuming illicit drugs, alcohol, tobacco, coffee and black tea (these substances are prohibited in the church); and obey the rules regarding dress, grooming, and the opposite sex. For example, skirts and shorts must be knee length and shirts must have sleeves.

Sports program

The BYU sports program includes up to 30 different specialties, which mobilize more than 10,000 students each year. Their teams' nickname is the Cougars (pumas) and Cosmo the Cougar has been the school's mascot since 1953. The school's fight song is the Cougar Fight Song. Because many of its players serve full-time missions for two years, BYU athletes are often older than those at other schools. The NCAA allows students to serve two-year missions without deducting time from their eligibility period. This has caused a bit of controversy, but it's widely recognized that this doesn't mean any advantage since players don't receive any training during their missions. BYU has also drawn attention for refusing to play on Sundays, as well as for expelling players for violating the honor code.

Students

Stephenie Meyer '95, author of the Twilight series

Thomas S. Monson '74, President of The Church of Jesus Christ of the Last Day Saints

As of November 2007, Brigham Young University has approximately 362,000 students. Alumni activities are held in the new Gordon B. Hinckley Alumni and Visitors Center.

More than 21 Brigham Young University graduates have served in the US Senate and House of Representatives, including former Senate Dean Reed Smoot (class of 1876). Cabinet members of American presidents include former Secretary of Agriculture under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Ezra Taft Benson '26 and '60 Rex E. Lee, who was United States Attorney General under President Ronald reagan.

BYU alumni include former Harvard Business School dean Kim B. Clark and Michael K. Young 73, current president of the University of Utah. Also graduating from the university were Nobel Prize winner Paul D. Boyer, as well as Farnsworth Philon (Inventor of Electronic Television) and Harvey Fletcher (Inventor of the Hearing Aid). Three of BYU's twelve presidents were alumni of the university. In addition, Brigham Young University alumni who have served as business leaders include Gary Crittenden '76, Citigroup's chief financial officer, and former Dell CEO Kevin Rollins '84.

In literature and journalism, notable are Orson Scott Card 75, Brandon Sanderson '00 and '05, '95 and Stephenie Meyer. Other media personalities include award-winning ESPN sportscaster and former Miss America Sharlene Wells Hawkes '86 and former co-host of CBS "The Early Show" Jane Clayson Johnson '90. In entertainment and television, BYU is represented by Jon Heder '02 (best known for his role as Napoleon Dynamite), Golden Globes nominee Aaron Eckhart '94, animator and director Don Bluth &# 39;54, Jeopardy! all-time champion Ken Jennings '00, and Richard Dutcher, "the Father of Mormon cinema." BYU is represented in the music industry by former American Idol contestant Carmen Rasmusen, Lindsey Stirling, and Mormon Tabernacle Choir director Mack Wilberg.

BYU has also produced many religious leaders. Among the alumni of various General Authorities of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, including two church presidents: Ezra Taft Benson '26, and Thomas S. Monson '74, six apostles (Neil L. Andersen, D. Todd Christofferson '69, David A. Bednar '76, Jeffrey R. Holland '65 and '66, Dallin H. Oaks 54, and Reed Smoot 1876), and two Relief Society presidents (Julie B. Beck '73 and Spafford Belle '20).

Countless of Brigham Young University alumni have found success in professional sports. BYU alumni include (baseball) All-Stars Rick Aguilera '83, Wally Joyner '84, and Jack Morris '76; (basketball) Danny Ainge '81, Jimmer Fredette 2011; (football) Steve Young '84 and '96, Ty Detmer '90, and Jim McMahon; and (golf) Johnny Miller '69 and Mike Weir '92.