Boconó

Boconó is a town and municipality located southeast of the state of Trujillo, in Venezuela, it is the second municipality in the state in population and economic importance. This municipality is also the capital of the homonymous municipality. The mayor's office is located in this municipality. It is the tourist and agroeconomic capital of the Trujillo state, its urban and rural population is 100,240 inhabitants (INE 2015 Estimate). Boconó is a commercial and service center in one of the most cultivated areas of Venezuela, highlighting the production of corn, legumes, sugar cane, coffee and fruit trees, as well as the raising of pigs, poultry and bees. The presence of an irrigation system has significantly influenced its consolidation as a core support for agricultural centers on the Andean slopes. When the city of Trujillo was going to be relocated, some residents refused to move, giving rise to the creation of San Alejo de Boconó.

Generalities

Boconó is listed as the third most requested destination by tourists in the Andean region, this city is located about 8 hours by road from the capital of Venezuela, it has an airport, a passenger land terminal, Boconó is one of those towns where its culture is unique, authentic and unmatched, which makes the features of the Boconesa society different from the rest of Venezuela, such as its culture, gastronomy, customs and of course the accent of the people who live there. Boconó receives a million tourists during the twelve months of the year, during seasons such as carnival, Easter and Christmas.

It is practically a city, many shops, automobile traffic, noise, which is why it has ceased to be a town in the present century, what is peaceful is in the nearby towns that are part of the municipality. It has very beautiful parks and avenues, an impressive church that can be seen from afar with a large tower. Boconó is a town with a lot of history, with progressive people, it has its own airport, radio and TV stations and its motto is 'The Garden of Venezuela', as Simón Bolívar called it during his second visit in 1813. And its location at 1225 meters above sea level gives it a pleasant temperature all year round.

The Plaza Bolívar is quite large, with a full-length statue of The Liberator, on the pedestal the following writing reads: "The Government Board of the United States of Venezuela to the Father of the Country, 1952&# 3. 4;. It is surrounded by almost all kinds of shops and colonial houses. The church is dedicated to Saint Alexius, built in the second half of the XX century, in the same place where the old church of Boconó was built 200 years before, and like in several of the churches in the towns of Trujillo, the clock on the tower works and the bells announce the passage of time!

Beautiful and lush mountain ranges serve as a background for the multicolored flowers, thus creating the perfect and captivating contrast characteristic of this magical landscape. The hospitality of its people is one of the main attractions, and year after year thousands of tourists are enchanted. and eager to visit this surprising Venezuelan corner again. You will be amazed by the old colonial-style houses.

An important place in this town is the Tiscachic Peasant Services Center, a wonderful space for multiple services, which are fully open to the public, among them are patios and premises that serve as support for the marketing of crops. by its own producers, in addition to squares for livestock fairs, multipurpose rooms, a soup kitchen, areas for storing crafts and a very interesting museum of traditional arts.

Walk through the market on weekends, especially on Saturdays, you will see many of the locals offering fresh products from their crops, as well as beautiful creations made with the fine straw of the moor; When night falls, you can enjoy and enjoy an entertaining moment thanks to the Local Band that provides fantastic outdoor performances.

Parishes

Urban

• Boconó: Capital of the municipality and where the urban population is mostly concentrated.
• Parroquia El Carmen: Second most important parish, is also part of the urban area and capital of municipality.
• Parroquia Mosquey: Parish that has a rural and urban population, also next to the parish Boconó and El Carmen is part of the capital of the municipality.

Foreign Parishes

• Ayacucho parish: Batatal capital, located north of the municipality
• Guaramacal Parish: Capital Guaramacal, located northeast of the municipality and adjacent to the state of Portuguesa.
• Parroquia Vega de Guaramacal: capital La Vega, located northeast of the municipality.
• Burbusay:Capital Burbusay, north of the municipality.
• San Miguel parish: Capital San Miguel, North of the municipality.
• Rafael Rangel parish: capital San Rafael de Guandá west of the municipality.
• San José parish: Capital Tostos, southwest of the municipality.
• Parroquia Monseñor Jauregui: capital Niquitao, southwest of the municipality.
• Parroquia General Ribas: capital Las Mesitas, southwest of the municipality.

Geography

Boconó is characterized by its splendid mountains, its crystalline rivers, and its pleasant climate; Here is the highest mountain peak in the state of Trujillo "La Teta de Niquitao" of 4006 m s. n. m., has mostly forest vegetation, also several areas uninhabitable for humans in rocky mountain areas, and moors that have a very low temperature during different times of the year, its main river is the Boconó River that crosses the city and joins with the second important river of this town known as the Burate River, to flow into the state of Barinas; This city is supplied with water through the Segovia stream, spring water, however despite the population growth and the unbridled growth of pollution the government has had the need to involve purifying plants, despite this Boconó is the only city of Venezuela, where the water reaches a purification of 99%, in times of drought the waters of the Segovia stream decrease, and in rainy seasons the water service is forced to be suspended to avoid contamination.

In the area of this city is the Guaramacal National Park, where the Frontine Bear lives, also known as the Andes Bear. Lagoons, rivers and mountains make up this natural park that annually receives tourists from different parts of Venezuela and the world.

Boconó is located in the full axis of the Fault that bears its name, the Boconó fault, is the main fault in Venezuela, but the name of the fault has been misinterpreted, attributing that its name is due to the fact that It is located in the city, in fact it is like that but in the same way cities such as San Cristóbal, La Grita, Tovar, Mérida, Barquisimeto are equally on the fault, its name is due to the fact that the main studies of this fault were carried out in Boconó.

Climate

Boconó's average climate parameters
Month	Ene.	Feb.	Mar.	Open up.	May.	Jun.	Jul.	Ago.	Sep.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Annual
Average temperature (°C)	24.5	24.9	23.9	23.7	24.3	24	22.2	23.1	23.8	24.2	24.6	24.6	24
Average temperature (°C)	17.5	18	17.9	18.5	18.2	18.2	16.9	17.5	17.5	17.4	17.6	17.6	17.7
Temp. medium (°C)	10.5	11.1	11.9	13.2	12.9	12.3	11.7	11.8	11.1	10.5	10.5	10.5	11.5
Rains (mm)	11.2	1.3	44.7	85.5	103.1	116	94.3	97.3	138.4	126.9	38.6	15.3	872.6
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History

Of native origin, the name Boconó comes from the word Komboc, the name of a local river.

On October 12, 1548, Diego Ruiz de Vallejo left El Tocuyo, under the orders of Juan Villegas, to conquer the province of Cuicas, a name given by the natives who inhabited the area and where the Boconó valley was located. with the objective of taking gold from the mines that were supposedly in the area.

In 1558, a discussion took place between Francisco Ruiz, sent by the governor of the province of Venezuela to occupy the Cuicas sector, and Juan de Maldonado, representative of the Royal Court of the New Kingdom of Granada; Juan de Maldonado alleged that his people controlled those lands. However, Ruiz's competent work guaranteed that those lands were under the jurisdiction of Venezuela.

In 1786 the Canton of Boconó was formed.

In 1811, Boconó was declared a city and joined the independence movement. The Spanish Empire reacted by imprisoning and exiling Miguel Uzcátegui, mayor of the city.

On three different occasions (June 26 or 29, 1813, December 3, 1820, and March 10, 1821), Simón Bolívar visited Boconó, where he set up a base in Boca del Monte. While in Boconó, he stayed at the house of Mayor José María Baptista, expressed his admiration for the region, and declared the city "Garden of Venezuela."

On July 2, 1813, the Niquitao battle took place in the Tirindí savanna, an event that occurred during the Admirable Campaign. The residents, the Mucuchíes tribe and numerous patriots together with José Félix Ribas, Vicente Campo Elías and Rafael Urdaneta defeated the Spanish army commanded by José Martí.

In 1864 the department of Boconó was formed.

In 1884, the department of Boconó became the Boconó municipality.

In 1929, the town was occupied during the military uprising of La Gabaldonera against the dictator Juan Vicente Gómez.

In 1955 the Boconó Airport was completed and, on September 3 of that year, the first planes began to land at the new airport.

In 1990, the district of Boconó became the municipality of Boconó. The municipality was originally divided into 13 parishes (Ayacucho, Boconó, Burbusay, Campo Elías, El Carmen, General Ribas, Guaramacal, Monseñor Jáuregui, Mosquey, Rafael Rangel, San José, San Miguel and Vega de Guaramacal); Campo Elías was separated to form its own municipality on January 30, 1995.

Until 1548 the Boconó region was inhabited by the Cuica nation in its different indigenous ethnic groups: tirandaes, boconoes, mosqueyes, tostoses, who left lasting traces of their culture including toponymy, crafts, ethno-botany, religiosity. Among its most conspicuous representatives, we must point out Cacique Boconó, whom the chronicler Juan de Castellanos mentions when he refers to the support given to the Escuqueyes by the different indigenous groups, and Cacique Paraca, who resisted, together with his followers, the conquerors, until be definitively defeated.

On a date that has not yet been specified, Doña Ana Ruiz de Segovia, widow of Juan de Segovia, granted land from her encomienda for the construction of the city. In it, her son Pedro de Segovia erected a hermitage to San Alejo, who became the patron saint of the city. From then on (1608) Boconó was recognized as a town of doctrine. To honor such acts, the name Quebrada Segovia was later given to the water stream located south of the city.

On his first visit in 1813, the Liberator Simón Bolívar was impressed by the exuberance of its landscapes and nature, and nicknamed it the Garden of Venezuela.

Demography

The INE estimates that for the year 2015, Boconó has a population of 100,240 inhabitants.

Public services have high coverage, since 99.4% of homes have electricity service, while 98.6% have water supply service and 87.8% have telephone communication.3 In 2007, 2.3% of the population was in poverty, the lowest rate in all the administrative divisions of the state of Trujillo, compared to a state average of 30.6%.

The literacy rate of the population is 88%, which implies that there are still 14,292 people in the municipality who do not know how to read or write.

There are 24,983 family units in Boconó and there are 7,980 women heads of family (33.85% of the households in the municipality are headed by a woman). The number of children per woman of reproductive age is slightly lower than the national average of 2.

Around housing there are about 30,120 units, of which 24,387 are occupied, 3,722 are occasionally inhabited and the remaining are unoccupied or in the process of construction. Of the currently inhabited homes, 4,882 (21.81%) have been built from 2001 onwards and can be classified as "new". Likewise, 5.20% of the homes built are villas, 90.40% are houses, 2.63% correspond to apartments (including those that are part of a house or house/quinta).

In Boconó, the urbanization process is slow, mainly due to the immigration of the Boconese to other states in the country; however, since 2011, Boconó has been experiencing an acceleration in commercial infrastructure, but not housing.

The urbanizations in Boconó are not the majority, since 77.69% of the population live in houses that do not fall into organized urbanizations, 3.05% of the Boconesa population lives in apartments while 96.97% lives in single-family homes. two floors.

Tourism

The city of Boconó, like the rest of the municipality, exploits its beauties for the promotion of tourism, being one of the most visited cities in the Andes after Mérida, the hotel industry is growing, which is why the city has a range of beautiful inns varied in their styles for all tastes, comfortable hotels that also offer party rooms, because Boconó is a tourist city, it is necessary to have an assortment of land transportation lines connecting as much as possible with the large cities of the country, In this city there are several industries dedicated to tourism that provide guide services to explore the mountains and natural parks that make it up, and guide in the practice of extreme sports such as Benji, Rock Climbing, Kayaking and others.

Places of interest

• Niquitao tit.
• Museo Trapiche de los Clavos.
• Museum Restaurant La Vieja Casa.
• Monument The Column.
• Artisanal Walk Fabricio Ojeda.
• Fabricio Ojeda Museum.
• Bolivar Square.
• Ateneo de Boconó.
• Church of San Miguel (Patrimony).
• Sanctuary of San Alejo.
• Carmen Church.
• Cascada La Corojó.
• Campesino Service Centre Tiscachic.
• Black River.
• Laguna de Los Cedros (Guramacal National Park)
• Laguna de Agua Negra (Lugar Perfect To Make Kayak).

  

• The High of San Antonio.
• (Guramacal National Park)
• Boconó Recreational Park.

Niquitao's tit

It is the highest peak in the state of Trujillo with a height of 4,006 m. It is located in the General Ribas parish of the Boconó municipality, this wonderful Andean landscape is emblematic for all Trujillanos, it was declared a natural monument on September 4, 1996. This monument has high mountain vegetation and cloud forest, and its fauna is characterized by the frontine bear, the golden eagle, the paramera limpet among other species. This monument is a natural setting, visited by tourists since its cold paramo climate and natural beauties are a reason to visit this Andean mountain.

Los Clavo Trapiche Museum

The Trapiche de Los Clavo museum is an architectural jewel from the end of the XIX century, it is an ancestral enclosure and old hacienda of the Clavo Carrillo family. It was restored to rescue and save the historical heritage of Boconó.

In its facilities the water mill, the pans where the marshmallow fell to boil and the molds from which the panela was made are still preserved, all of this preserved since it was a Trapiche. You can also see numerous sculptures and paintings by artists from the region. This museum is an icon for all Boconeses.

The Athenaeum of Boconó

It is a non-profit civil association, founded on April 7, 1959, by a group of people interested in establishing a place where the cultural and traditional manifestations of the Boconó municipality could take place. Initially located in an old house on Miranda Street, under the presidency of the Boconó chronicler Lourdes Dubuc de Isea, it soon gave way to the construction of a headquarters built on Páez Street in the El Recodo urbanization, whose land was obtained thanks to the efforts made before Don Manuel Belloso, who generously donated it. In 1961 the construction of the building was decreed by President Rómulo Betancourt; The two initial stages of construction were started by President Raúl Leoni and completed by President Rafael Caldera, who inaugurated it in 1972. The construction of the headquarters took (5) years, the first stone had been laid on March 19, 1967, in the presence of the board of directors of the institution, athenaeists, representatives of the national government, ecclesiastical and civil authorities. The blessing was given by the vicar José Ferraro.

Sanctuary of San Alejo

The Sanctuary of San Alejo is the main church of the Boconó municipality. It is located throughout the center of the city in Plaza Bolívar.

This temple was built in the same place where the old church of Boconó was located, which corresponded to the second half of the 18th century, the church structures are modern, it is also high-rise. In the main tower there is a clock and a bell tower. The Clock on the tower of the San Alejo Church was donated by one of the wealthiest people of the time, Don Perpetuo Clavo, who had it brought from Switzerland. Like several of the churches in the towns of Trujillo, the clock on the tower works perfectly and the bells announce the passing of time.

On July 17, 2014, this church was elevated to a Sanctuary in a solemn religious act, which was presided over by the Bishop of the Diocese of Trujillo, Monsignor Cástor Oswaldo Azuaje, it was declared a Sanctuary, after meeting the required requirements. by the religious institution.

This church is one of the largest and tallest in the state of Trujillo. Due to its great structure and its history, this church is highly visited by tourists and parishioners. Both the church of San Alejo and the church of Carmen are dedicated to the patrons of Boconó, among whom the glorious ideologist Bernardo Aceituno stands out. Currently, an installation of multicolor LED lights on the façade and tower of the sanctuary is being developed, as well as the project for its elevation to a minor basilica.

Festivities

• Celebrations in honor of San Alejo.
• Celebrations in honor of the Virgin of Carmen.
• Pastors of San Miguel.

The festivities in Honor of the Virgen Del Carmen are the most important festival in the municipality since they are known nationwide. The devotion to the Virgen Del Carmen in Boconó is very great, which is why the Church of Nuestra Señora del Carmen is the second most important church in the municipality after its mother church San Alejo.

Media

Television

Two television networks operate in the city: Teleboconó, its transmission covers 70% of the territory of the state of Trujillo, it also covers the states of Portuguesa, Barinas, the northeast of the state of Mérida, the south of the state of Lara, Cojedes and Apure, It is located in the El Samán Urb to the west of the city, it has news, opinion programs, the majority of its programming being cultural, which is why it is called Boconesa cultural television station; It is followed by: Tu Canal 22, on the signal of Telboca channel 22, covers the entire municipality and also the (Carache municipality).

Radio

Boconó has five private stations and one public station, the ones with the largest audience are: Boconesa 107.3 Fm, followed by Burate 103.3 Fm, Radio Jardín 103.7 Fm, Ángeles 95.3 Fm, Rumba Brava 91.1 Fm and Libertad 99.3Fm

Magazines

Several fashion, tourism and entertainment magazines circulate in Boconó, some of the best known are: Destinos y Encuentros and EcoTurismo.

Diaries

In the city is the correspondent office of the newspapers "El Tiempo" "The Andes" and "El Nacional"

Health

The municipality of Boconó, being one of the municipalities with the most population and importance, has one of the largest hospitals in the state, the Rafael Rangel hospital, which has numerous services, such as emergency, hospitalization, medicine, intensive care, maternity, health service, among other services. In the city there are also two very well-known clinics, one is the La Coromoto clinic and the second is El Centro Médico Boconó, these two provide numerous important services for the municipality, these clinics are currently building new headquarters, since the growth of the The population is getting larger and there is more demand in the health area. Outpatient centers are also built in each of the parishes. Additionally, in the Boconó municipality there is also an IPASME for the nation's educators and recognized veterinarians such as the Dr. Edgar Cáceres veterinary office.

Boconó also has different health centers, such as the CDI, in the urban region, there is the CDI of the Pantanos, several rural parishes also have CDI, which are free and offer great support for the most vulnerable social classes..

These health centers are not only used by residents of the capital of the municipality, but also by the rural parishes of the municipality and some towns in the state of Portuguesa and Lara.

Education

Education in the Boconó municipality is very prestigious, and considered quality education since different teaching methods are taught from those in the rest of the country, for example in secondary school, French and philosophy classes are very popular, In most cases of secondary schools in Venezuela, accounting is taught as a subject, in the city of Boconó there are few institutions where this subject is taught. In the municipality there are technical education schools, where students have the option of graduating as a Middle Technician in Agricultural Sciences. The municipality has the most Bolivarian schools in the entire state, just as there are countless state schools, since these are located in rural areas, which allows children to have more study facilities.

In the area of higher education, the municipality has few institutions to supply all the university demand, which is why many young people go to the state capital to begin studies at the University of the Andes, in this case at the Rafael Rangel university center that It is located in Trujillo, some students also decide to study at the main core of the ULA in the city of Mérida, others take the city of Maracaibo and Barquisimeto as an option.

The higher education institutions that the municipality has are: IUTET, IUTAB, UPEL, UBV and Mission Sucre.

Transportation

The City of Boconó has the Romulo Gallegos Airport in Boconó, it is the second largest and most important in the state, but it does not have commercial use, only behind the Antonio Nicolas Briceño National Airport in the city of Valera, a Passenger Terminal with daily departures to the country's capitals, a large fleet of buses for urban and extra-urban transportation, various taxi lines.

Sister cities

• Valera.
• Merida.
• Trujillo.
• Guanare.