Bernoulli family

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Family shield

The Bernoulli family included a number of Swiss mathematicians and physicists from the city of Basel who burst into the scientific world at the turn of the century XVII.

The founder of this family was Jacob the Elder, born in Antwerp (Belgium), a Huguenot who moved to Basel in 1622 for reasons of religious persecution. He was married three times and only had one son, Nikolaus. He married and had a dozen children, four of whom reached adulthood; two of them became mathematicians of the first order: Jacob, born in 1654, and Johann, born in 1667. Both studied Leibniz's theory of calculus and developed applications of it.

Main members

The Bernoulli family produced many notable artists and scientists, particularly a large number of famous mathematicians of the 18th century:

Jacob Bernoulli (1654–1705; also known as James or Jacques), a mathematician who named Bernoulli's numbers.
Nicolaus Bernoulli (1662-1716), painter and governer of Basel.
Johann Bernoulli (1667–1748; also known as Jean), Swiss mathematician who early adopted infinitesimal calculus.
Nicolaus I Bernoulli (1687–1759), Swiss mathematician.
Nicolau II Bernoulli (1695–1726), Swiss mathematician, investigated the curves, differential equations and probability.
Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782) developed the principle of Bernoulli and the paradox of St.Petersburg.
Johann II Bernoulli (1710–1790; also known as Jean), Swiss mathematician and physical.
Johann III Bernoulli (1744–1807; also known as Jean), geographer, astronomer and German-Swiss mathematician.
Jacob II Bernoulli (1759-1789; also known as Jacques), Russian-Swissian physicist and mathematician.