Basketball King's Cup
The Spanish Basketball Championship–His Majesty the King's Cup, known simply as the Copa del Rey or The Cup, is a national basketball competition, organized annually by the Association of Basketball Clubs (ACB) and played by the eight best clubs in Spain.
In its beginnings it was organized by the Spanish Basketball Federation (FEB) and the winning team obtained the right to participate in the next edition of the European Cup Winners' Cup. Currently, the cup tournament does not qualify for any European competition.
The tournament began to be held under the name of the Spanish Championship, its first edition being held in Madrid in 1933, becoming the first basketball competition that pitted clubs at a national level in the country, since the National League was not created until the 1956-1957 season, 24 years later.
Currently it is played through single-game playoffs between the eight classified teams (known as the final eight), these being the seven best teams in the ACB League at the end of the first round together with the best team in the city hostess. If the location designated for this purpose did not have a representative in the highest division of the national league, then its place would be occupied by the eighth best ranked.
The 1989 and 1993 editions were held in a multi-venue format, sponsored by the Junta de Galicia. The quarterfinals in 1989 were held in Santiago de Compostela, Orense and Vigo (two games); the semifinals in Lugo and Ferrol and the final in La Coruña. In 1993 the quarterfinals in Orense, Vigo, Lugo and Ferrol and the semifinals and final in La Coruña. In addition, in 1994, the final phase of the Copa del Rey was also played in several venues: two quarterfinals were held in Córdoba, one in Málaga and one in Seville. The semifinals and final were played on March 5 and 6 in Seville.
The first winner of the competition was the currently extinct Rayo Club de Madrid. The most successful team, with 28 titles, is Real Madrid. The current champion is Unicaja.
History
The historical and generic name of the competition is «Campeonato de España», and for this reason the winning team is considered the champion of Spain; However, the official name of the competition has changed over the years depending on the Spanish head of state, who has awarded the trophy since the first edition. Thus, it has had the following denominations:
- Spanish Cup Championship (1933-1936).
- Championship of Spain–Copa of His Excellency the Most General (1940-1976).
- Spain–Copa Championship of His Majesty the King (1976-1983).
- Cup of His Majesty the King–ACB (1983 onwards).
First Editions (1933-36)
The first edition of the Copa del Rey —formerly the Spanish Cup or Spanish Basketball Championship— began on October 15, 1933 under the joint organization of the Spanish Basketball Federation (FEB) and the Spanish Basketball Confederation (CEB).
Initially, its first edition was open to all regional champions but for various economic and professional reasons, since professionalism had not yet reached this sport in the country, the competition was limited to the champions and runners-up of Catalonia and Castilla —under its name of the Center region—. Thus, the four competing teams were Juventus A. C. from Sabadell, Iluro Bastek-Ball Club from Mataró, Madrid Basket-Ball and Rayo Club from Madrid.
After the semifinals, the two teams from Madrid played the first final on October 29, overcoming the adverse results of the first leg. The null regulation on the type of regulatory pavement and a questionable arbitration meant that the Catalan squads were overwhelmed and fell eliminated. prevail by 21-11.
The second edition should have been held in 1934, but it did not take place until 1935, since the Catalan teams boycotted it due to the events that occurred the previous season. This championship was organized exclusively by the FEB and S.S. Patrie beat Rayo Club 23-19 at the Montjuïc Municipal Park in Barcelona.
Like the rest of the national sports competitions in Spain, the competition was suspended in 1936 due to the Civil War, to resume again under a new name at the end of it. Due to the same circumstance, it was not played in 1934 either. The name by which it was known until 1976 was the Copa del Generalísimo, to become the Copa del Rey or Copa de His Majesty the King from 1977 after the restoration of the monarchy. and continue uninterruptedly until today.
For the second edition held in 1935 in Barcelona, two clubs from the Levante region were added to the competition, finishing as penultimate and last classified.
Growth after the Civil War
It was not until its resumption after the Civil War and with the change of name when it acquired a more national character when the number of participating teams increased to eight after the incorporation of the Aragon region, becoming disputed from the qualifying round of quarterfinals, being the usual format until 1942 —date of the first great growth—. This consisted of an increase to sixteen participants incorporating clubs from Murcia, Extremadura, Galicia, Asturias, the Basque Country and the Balearic Islands; reaching a maximum limit of twenty-four participants in the following edition.
In these first years of the tournament under Franco's government, the Catalan clubs were devastated, as they won the first 11 editions of the Copa del Generalísimo consecutively, with the main domain being the basketball section of the Barcelona Football Club, which won 6 titles in this period, followed by Club Deportivo Layetano, with 2, and Club Baloncesto Hospitalet, the basketball section of the Real Club Deportivo Español, and Juventud de Badalona, with one title each. Among them, it was the C. B. Hospitalet team that won the first championship (1939-1940 season).
The Real Madrid basketball section had to wait until 1951 to make its debut in the list of competition winners, beginning its dominance since then, having played 48 finals until 2019 and won 27 of them.
Oldest Competition
For half a century, the League has been and is the highest competition that supports elite basketball. However, the current Copa del Rey is the oldest competition, with the longest run and the first that proclaimed the best Spanish team.
This competition was born under the name of the Spanish Championship and its first edition was held in Madrid in 1933. Since that first basketball game, 69 have been played until 2005 and it only stopped being played during the three years that the Civil War lasted, becoming a clear link between the first pioneers and today.
Political vicissitudes have left their mark on the name of the competition. It kept its initial name until 1936, but the fifth edition held in 1940 would be renamed Copa del Generalísimo, which it would keep until 1976. With the advent of the Monarchy, the dean competition of Spanish basketball became the Copa del Rey.
From 1933 to 1956, the Cup was the main exponent of the progress of Spanish basketball. The slow geographical expansion of the sport of the basket marked the incorporation of new provinces to the two classic poles of basketball knowledge such as Barcelona and Madrid.
At the beginning of the 1940s, a trend was established in the sense that the pioneering teams (Laietà, Patrie, Rayo, etc...) were giving way to the classic squads that would end up forming the nucleus of teams who played the first Leagues under the format of all against all that we know now.
This replacement of pioneers by classics was sparked by an incipient and covert professionalism, a word that now evokes million-dollar contracts but, for example, in 1941 had another meaning. El Español, winner of the Copa del Generalísimo that year, saw its players penalized with four game suspensions for the following edition for having each received a prize raincoat. This penalty makes people smile from the current way of looking at things, but it sparked a great deal of controversy at the time and was even heavily criticized because it marked a trend that would not be abandoned: pay for playing. Not all the teams were able to face this change in mentality but some of the most competitive would enter this path to grow and gain potential.
The classics enter the scene
During the 1940s, classic teams that have reached the present day such as Barcelona, Real Madrid, Joventut, Estudiantes and Español entered the fray. Cities like Valencia, Zaragoza, Huesca, Gijón or La Laguna began to be noticed in the Cup but throughout these ten years the dominance of Catalan basketball was absolute. From 1940 to 1951 the Cup Champion titles were distributed as follows: Hospitalet (1) another for Spanish (1), one for Joventut, two for Laietà and five for Barcelona.
During the 1945-46 season, the Cup had a format that sought to turn it into a league. This edition was a complete success with the public and in the following edition they took a step forward, advancing to the league but the idea was not operational and they returned to the old knockout format. There were still ten years to go before the league, as we know it now, would get going.
Trend reversal
In 1948, Joventut de Badalona won its first title, but the first foreign player who began to leave his mark entered the Spanish competitive scene. It was the Filipino Kaimo, an athlete with a prodigious individual technique and who anticipated the current dribbling basketball and change of pace to overwhelm the opponent, making the passing game obsolete. The next foreign contribution would come from Puerto Rico with Fredy Borrás, introducer of the jump shot, and Galíndez. Real Madrid would win their first national title with them in the final played in San Sebastián, against FC Barcelona, in 1951.
In 1949, a league format was introduced to decide the title that F. C. Barcelona would win. However, this competition system was not convincing, so it would return to the old knockout format. From 1951 until the beginning of the first National League, Real Madrid and Joventut shared the titles of Champion of Spain (three for Madrid, two for Penya) but Madrid was also beginning to lay the foundations of its overwhelming dominance thanks to his successful transfer policy, the most notable being that of Joaquín Hernández, perhaps the best Spanish player of the time. At the end of the 1955-56 season, Raimundo Saporta presented the league project, which would be launched in the 1956-57 season. The League went on to designate the best team but this is another story.
The White Age
The advent of the new league competition marked the beginning of an era of overwhelming dominance of an intractable Real Madrid in domestic competitions and which was beginning to carve out a brilliant career in Europe. The white team dominated with 15 titles between 1956 and 1977 and filled the history of our basketball with legendary names. The sweetest moment came for Real Madrid under the tutelage of Pedro Ferrándiz, who over the course of 16 seasons would dominate the League and the Cup at will, as well as manage to reign in Europe as well.
Before reaching the ACB era, F.C. Barcelona also burst into force, achieving six consecutive titles before the 1983-84 season, a new competition system was implemented that concentrated the teams in a single venue.
The Cup in the ACB stage
The Cup distinguished the best Spanish team of the season, but with the creation of the National League, it was this last competition that took on the greatest role, leaving the Cup relegated to being a trophy played at the end of the season. It is not that he lost interest but his role was clearly less.
When the organization of the highest basketball category came under the supervision of the ACB, the Cup was also the subject of a remodeling that has led it to be a reference competition throughout the world. The first edition held in Zaragoza in the 1983-84 season marked the beginning of this trend, which we can summarize in an unprecedented media resonance and the opening of the range of possibilities of victory to many teams. The new concentration format with a final to four in the middle of the season was the hallmark of this revitalized Cup. The triumph of CAI Zaragoza really opened a new era and in three seasons it went to the current format with the concentration of eight teams, a competition system that will add 22 editions this season in Vitoria.
If in previous times one must speak of the dominance exercised by Real Madrid and Barcelona, punctuated by the incursions of Joventut and Estudiantes, the Cup from the organization of the ACB has become a very expensive and precious trophy to obtain. It has not only been open to the teams with the greatest potential such as Real Madrid and Barcelona, but it has been a competition where surprise has been the usual ingredient. The Cup titles have also served to mark the frank emergence of new dominant teams such as Tau Cerámica, Unicaja and Pamesa Valencia, classics such as DKV Joventut or MMT Estudiantes and reward the good work of modest teams such as Ricoh Manresa.
Parallel to the sporting success, the media impact of the Cup has not stopped growing season after season. There is full consensus about the excellence in the organization that the venues achieve in each edition and the competition model has been exported to other countries and sports. The Copa del Rey marks one of the high points of the season and concentrates in a long weekend an interest that reaches world level.
History
- For a better detail of each edition see Basket King Cup History
Honours of Prizes
- ↑ After the Civil War the Société Sportive Patrie adopted the name of Club Baloncesto Atlético de Gracia.
- ↑ The Basketball Club Tempus changed its name to the Basketball Club.
- ↑ Club Baloncesto Canarias de Madrid was a completely independent club of the Club Baloncesto Canarias.
- ↑ The Hesperia Sports Club is the current Real Madrid of Basketball "B".
Cities hosting since 1987 Final Eight
Statistics
- For a complete detail see King Cup Statistics.
MVP
The player who has won the most valuable player (MVP) awards in the tournament —a distinction that did not exist until 1990— is the Spanish Rudy Fernández, who managed to be the best defending the shirts of Club Joventut de Badalona and Real Madrid Baloncesto in the 2004, 2008 and 2015 editions.
Historical scorers table
- For a complete detail see Maximum scorers of the King's Cup.
The tournament's top scorer is Jordi Villacampa from Tarragona with 491 points in 26 games, followed by Juan Carlos Navarro from Barcelona with 466 and Juan Antonio San Epifanio from Zaragoza with 454. Behind them is Felipe Reyes from Cordoba with 440 points, the aforementioned four being the only players to exceed the 400-point barrier in the history of the competition.
It is also worth noting among the top scorers the Spanish-American Wayne Brabender for being the player with the highest score in the finals of the competition with 262 points, ahead of his compatriot Clifford Luyk and the Spanish-Dominican Chicho Sibilio with 252 and 240 respectively.
The following table reflects the records of which there is evidence since the data did not begin to be counted until the 1983-84 season, the date on which the Association of Basketball Clubs (ACB) took over the organization of the tournament to the detriment of the Spanish Basketball Federation (FEB).
Note: Indicated in bold active players in addition to their current team. Records prior to 1983-84 season unknown.
Players with the most matches played
- For a complete detail see Players with more presences in the King's Cup
The player with the most games played is Felipe Reyes from Córdoba with 51.
The following table reflects the records of which there is evidence since the data did not begin to be counted until the 1983-84 season, the date on which the Association of Basketball Clubs (ACB) took over the organization of the tournament to the detriment of the Spanish Basketball Federation (FEB).
Note: indicated in bold active players in the category during the 2023 edition in addition to their current team. Records prior to 1983-84 season unknown.
Note *: Current club. In other cases it refers to the club in which he added more presences. |
Other statistical data
The individual bests achieved in the competition are detailed below.
Season | Headquarters | Category | Player | Equipment | Data | Rival |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1988-89 | Galicia | Points | Leon Wood | CAI Zaragoza | 44 | Round Box |
1989–90 | Las Palmas | Points | Mark Davis | CAI Zaragoza | 44 | Ram Joventut |
1990-91 | Zaragoza | Rebounds | Kevin Magee | CAI Zaragoza | 21 | Students |
1995–96 | Murcia | Rebounds | Warren Kidd | Caja San Fernando | 21 | Real Madrid CF |
2005-06 | Madrid | Assistance | Pablo Prigioni | TAU Ceramic Baskonia | 15 | Pamesa Valencia |
2002-03 | Valencia | Robbery | Thierry Gadou | TAU Ceramic Baskonia | 8 | Pamesa Valencia |
1997-98 | Valladolid | Tapes | Tim Perry | Pamesa Valencia | 6 | TAU Ceramic Baskonia |
2018-19 | Madrid | Rating | Nicolás Laprovittola | Divine Insurance Joventut | 50 | Kirolbet Baskonia |
2017–18 | Canary Islands | TL | Tornike Shengelia | Kirolbet Baskonia | 15 | FC Barcelona |
1992-93 | Galicia | T2 | Joe Arlauckas | Taugrés Baskonia | 16 | Real Madrid CF |
1983-84 | Zaragoza | T2 | Juan Antonio San Epifanio | FC Barcelona | 16 | |
1987-88 | Valladolid | T2 | Michael Young | Fórum Filatélico | 16 | |
1992-93 | Galicia | T2 | Joe Arlauckas | Taugrés Baskonia | 16 | |
1986-87 | Tenerife | T3 | Juan Antonio San Epifanio | FC Barcelona | 7 | Cacaolat Granollers |
1994–95 | Grenada | T3 | Andy Toolson | Amway Zaragoza | 7 | FC Barcelona |
2010-11 | Madrid | T3 | Kostas Vasileiadis | Bizkaia Bilbao Basket | 7 | Baskonia Labour Fund |
Scoring records in the final
The joint score record in a final is 243 points and was achieved in the match in 1979 between Barcelona (winner plus scorer, with 130 points) and C.B. Tempus (loser plus scorer, who scored 113 points).
The greatest contribution of a player to the overall score of the champion team was obtained by CAI Zaragoza in the 1990 final. In that game Mark Davis got 44 points out of a total of 76 points for his club, which earned him Davis to match the individual scoring high of the ACB period.
Precisely 44 points is the biggest difference in a final; in 1973, Real Madrid C.F. defeated Estudiantes Monteverde by 123-79. Since 1984 the difference has not exceeded 19, which happened in the 2010 Bilbao edition.
The lowest joint score in a final of the ACB stage (117 points) corresponds to the Estudiantes-CAI of the Granada edition of 1992. Considering the whole story of the tournament, the absolute record for low scores is held by the first final, that of 1933, in which Rayo Club de Madrid beat Real Madrid C. F. (loser less scorer) by 21 to 11. The champion with the least scorer in the history of the competition was C.B. Hospitalet, who scored 20 points in his victory in the first edition under the name of Copa del Generalísimo (1939-1940) in which he defeated Barcelona's C.B. Atlético de Gracia with a result of 20 to 17. In the first years the annotations were extremely scarce in comparative terms with current basketball; in fact, until 1954 no team managed to exceed 50 points in a cup final. The first to do so was Real Madrid, who scored 56 points against Juventud de Badalona in that year. The first to surpass the figure of 100 points in a final was also Real Madrid (102-82 in the final played in Salamanca in 1964 against R.C. Náutico de Tenerife). Finally, the first to exceed the figure of 125 points in a final was C.F. Barcelona. This happened in the one mentioned in previous paragraphs in 1979 at the Anaitasuna Pavilion in Pamplona against Tempus.
The team that has obtained the highest overall score in the finals of the competition is Real Madrid, with a total of 3,212 points, divided into 687 as champions and 704 as runners-up in the stage played under the denomination "Copa del Rey", plus 1330 and 500 as champion and runner-up respectively of the previous stage. In these results, which include up to the 2015 season, the 1948-49 final is not counted as it was played as a league.
Most successful coaches
The coach who has won the most Cup titles is Pedro Ferrándiz from Alicante with eleven, six of them in a row and a record for the tournament. Between 1960 and 1975, he led Real Madrid for thirteen seasons and always played in the final of what was then called the Copa del Generalísimo. In the decisive match he was only defeated twice with a record of success in finals of 11/13, only surpassed in Spanish basketball by his own 12/13 in the League championship. In addition, Ferrándiz won four European Cups and became national coach. Due to his career, palmares and way of being, he is known under the nickname "the Myth".[citation required]
Since the Association of Basketball Clubs (ACB) took over the organization of the tournament in 1984, Pablo Laso from Vitoria is the most successful coach with six titles, all with Real Madrid, surpassing the previous mark of Aíto García Reneses.
Regarding the coaches with the most participations and games led, Aíto García Reneses with 22 editions and 51 games is the one with the record.
Most decorated players
Two players share the honor of being the ones who have won the most Copas del Rey; Clifford Luyk, from Real Madrid C.F., and Juan Antonio San Epifanio, Epi, from F.C. Barcelona. Both won the title 10 times, six of them consecutive.
Of Luyk's 10 victories, achieved between 1965 and 1977, nine of them correspond to the stage in which the tournament was called the Generalissimo Cup. The 10 Epi Cups were achieved between 1978 and 1994.
The Association of Basketball Clubs (ACB) took over the organization of the Copa del Rey in 1984. Since then, those who have won the Cup the most times are Barça player Juan Carlos Navarro and Felipe Reyes on seven occasions each, followed by Sergio Llull and Rudy Fernández with 6 titles each.
As for the MVP, the most successful player is Rudy Fernández with 3 awards (2004, 2008 and 2015). In one of those titles he was named without being part of the champion team.
Age records
In the ACB stage, the youngest player to play a match is Luka Dončić, who also won with Real Madrid in the 2016 edition at 16 years and 11 months. Despite not playing any minute of play, Mario Saint-Supery is the youngest champion of all time when he won the title in 2023 with Unicaja Málaga at the age of 16 years and 10 months, surpassing Luka Doncic (Real Madrid).
Felipe Reyes, on the other hand, is the oldest player to win the title, at 39 years and 11 months. The oldest player to play a game is Darryl Middleton, doing so at 41 years and 6 months.
In the ACB period, the youngest champion coach is Jesús María Chuchi Carrera, who achieved it in 1990, at the age of 24 years and 11 months, and after having replaced the dismissed Moncho Monsalve at the head of CAI Zaragoza. The oldest champion coach is Svetislav Pešić, when he became champion with F. C. Barcelona in 2019 at the age of 69 years and 5 months.
Other records
Alfonso Martínez is the player who won the Cup with the most different teams, doing so with four: in 1957 with Real Madrid, in 1959 with F. C. Barcelona, in 1964 with Picadero and in 1969 with Joventut de Badalona.
Among those who have been Cup winners as a player and as a coach are Clifford Luyk, Lolo Sáinz, Eduardo Kucharski, Fernando Font, Freddy Borrás, Ignacio Pinedo, Velimir Perasović, Pablo Laso and Šarūnas Jasikevičius.
Record attendance
The final of the 2012 Cup played at the Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona by FC Barcelona Regal and Real Madrid, is the match in the history of the Copa del Rey with the largest number of indoor audiences, gathering 15,128 spectators.
The previous mark dates back to 2010, when 14,814 spectators gathered at the Bizkaia Arena in Baracaldo to witness the final that also faced FC Barcelona Regal and Real Madrid.
As for the open-air finals, although the chronicles of the time did not refer to the effective number of spectators, the record was disputed by the 1952 final in the Alicante bullring, with a capacity of 15,235 spectators, and the 1950 final in the Plaza de toros de las Arenas in Barcelona, whose usual capacity of 14,893 spectators was increased for the occasion with the installation of chairs on the track.
5G
The 2021 edition of the Copa del Rey was the first sporting event in Spain to have 5G television connections.
Minicopa del Rey
The Minicopa del Rey, known as the Endesa Minicopa for sponsorship reasons, has been played between the children's teams of the professional teams for the absolute Copa del Rey since 2003, being played in parallel, and in which the participants are decided through a previous phase, which accompany the host team and the current champion. In the first edition held in Seville, the children of Club Joventut de Badalona won the first title after defeating the pupils of Fútbol Club Barcelona by 88-53.
Curiously, until 2013 these two teams were the only winners of the competition, until they were joined on that date by the Real Madrid Basketball youth team, who repeated the title in the following edition and continued to win the competition until 2019, adding a total of 7 consecutive titles. Until 2023, it has a streak of nine titles won in the last ten disputed, thus becoming the team with the most championships won.
Contenido relacionado
Palin (game)
Marcelo Rios
Captain Tsubasa