April, the 21st

April 21 is the 111th (one hundred and eleventh) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and the 112th in leap years. There are 254 days left to end the year.

Events

• 753 BC: traditional date of the foundation of Rome. Rómulo founded the city despite the opposition of his brother Remo, whom he murders.
• 25 a. C.: traditional date of the foundation of Augusta Emerita, today Mérida, Spain.
• 900: The Laguna copper subscription is written, the oldest written record of the Philippines.
• 1211: in Galicia, Archbishop Pedro Muñiz consecrates the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.
• 1483: in the battle of Lucena (Córdoba) (Spain), Boabdil, the king of Granada, is taken prisoner.
• 1486: Fernando the Catholic sign Arbitral judgement of Guadalupeby which it puts an end to the situation of servitude of the Rewards in Catalonia.
• 1503: In the course of the Naples War (1501-1504), the troops of the Crown of Castile and Aragon defeat the French in the battle of Seminara.
• 1509: Henry VIII ascends to the throne of England to the death of his father, Henry VII.
• 1594: the village of San Salvador (now the capital of El Salvador, which at that time had few hundred inhabitants) suffers the third of its numerous macros – the previous ones were in 1575 and 1584 – which totally destroys it.
• 1691: In Colombia, the city of Cartago is moved to the place where it is currently located by the continued attacks of the Pijaos.
• 1744: the city of Jalpan de Serra was founded in the state of Querétaro by Colonel José de Escandón and Helguera
• 1792: In Brazil, the Portuguese hang Tiradentes, a revolutionary leader who leads a popular movement to become independent of Portugal.
• 1809: Two bodies of the Austrian army are expelled from Landshut by the army of the First French Empire led by Napoleon while two French bodies in the north stop the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.
• 1822: In Riobamba there is the Tapi fight between elements of the independence forces led by Venezuelan general Antonio José de Sucre and the realistic forces commanded by Colonel Nicolás López.
• 1831: In Limarí (Chile), the village of Ovalle (now the capital city of that province) is founded.
• 1836: In the framework of the Texas Revolution, the battle of San Jacinto, the forces of the Republic of Texas under Sam Houston defeat the troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
• 1863: in the garden of Ridván (Bagdad, Iraq) Bahá'u'lláh publicly announces his mission. The Bahá'ís celebrate it as a sacred day that begins the Rizván Festival.
• 1898: The United States Congress declares the war against Spain.
• 1914: In the port of Veracruz, Mexico, the United States begins the invasion of Mexico. See the second American intervention in Mexico.
• 1918: near the Somme River—in northern France—the German pilot of World War I Manfred von Richthofen, better known as "The Red Baron," It's torn down and dies.
• 1919: The town of Dolavon was founded in Argentina.
• 1933: in Nazi Germany the Government prohibits shojet (Kosher of the Jewish religion).
• 1937: Chile founded the Club Deportivo Universidad Católica.
• 1941: In the Pozo Calero de Barruelo de Santullán, in the palentin mining basin, Spain, 18 miners are killed as a result of an explosion of grisu.
• 1943: In the course of the Second World War, the German city of Stettin, today Polish, is bombarded by a total of 339 Lancaster and Halifax bombers, originating 586 deaths.
• 1944: In France women get feminine suffrage.
• 1951: In the Enewetak atoll—in the framework of the Greenhouse operation—the United States detonates the Easy atomic bomb (47 kilotons), the fifteenth of human history.
• 1960: Brazil is founded, the current capital of the country.
• 1962: in a well 193 meters underground, in the U9k area of the Nevada atomic testing site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 10:40 (local time) United States detonates its 3 kt Dead atomic bomb. It is the bomb n.o. 228 of the 1132 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
• 1964: in the Salta town of Orán (Argentina), Gendarmerie forces surprise and disrupt the EGP (People's Guerrilla Army). They make guerrilla Jorge Ricardo Masetti disappear (34).
• 1965: in a well 305 meters underground, in the U16a.02 area of the Nevada atomic testing site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 14:00 (local time) United States detonates its Gum Drop atomic bomb, of 20 kt. It is the bomb n. 414 of the 1132 that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992.
• 1967: days after the Greek general elections, Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos leads a coup d'etat and establishes a military regime (the colonel dictatorship) that lasts 7 years.
• 1997: Spain launches the Minisat 01 satellite within the Minisat program.
• 2002: in Colombia, the governor of the department of Antioquia, Guillermo Gaviria Correa and his peace adviser and ex-minister of national defense, Gilberto Echeverri Mejía, are kidnapped by guerrillas of the Front 34 of the FARC, during the development of a march for the Nonviolence, in the municipality of Caicedo.
• 2005: In Spain, the Congress of Deputies approves for the first time the bill that legalizes same-sex marriage.
• 2007: in Chile, a 6.2 sism on the Richter scale affects the cities of Puerto Aysén and Puerto Chacabuco. It reaches intensity VII on the Mercalli scale.
• 2008: In Virginia, United States, U.S. neo-Nazi politician Kevin Strom (51) is sentenced to 23 months in prison for possession of child pornography.
• 2019: there are attacks in Sri Lanka, which left at least 320 fatalities, and more than 500 wounded; it is considered one of the most bloody of the century.
• 2019: the actor and comedian Volodimir Zelenski, is elected as the sixth president of Ukraine.
• 2019: in Cauca, Colombia, a landslide caused by heavy rains left 32 dead and several wounded.

Births

• 1488: Ulrich von Hutten, a German humanist (f. 1523).
• 1555: Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter (f. 1619).
• 1619: Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch explorer (f. 1677).
• 1652: Michel Rolle, French mathematician (f. 1729).
• 1661: Jiří Josef Camel, Filipino botanist of Czech origin (f. 1706).
• 1671: John Law, Scottish economist (f. 1729).
• 1767: Isabel Guillermina of Württemberg, Austrian aristocrat (f. 1790).
• 1774: Jean Baptiste Biot, physicist, astronomer and French mathematician (f. 1862).
• 1790: Manuel Blanco Encalada, Chilean President (f. 1876).
• 1800: Anselmo Llorente and La Fuente, a Costa Rican bishop (f. 1871).
• 1813: Janus Henricus Donker Curtius, Dutch commissioner (f. 1879).
• 1816: Charlotte Brontë, British writer (f. 1855).
• 1824: Anselmo Clavé, poet, politician, composer and director of Spanish music (f.1874).
• 1828: Hippolyte Taine, philosopher, critic and French historian (f. 1893).
• 1837: Fredrik Bajer, Danish writer and pacifist, nobel prize for peace in 1908 (f. 1922).
• 1838: John Muir, an American naturalist born in Scotland (f. 1914).
• 1841: Anselmo Lorenzo, Spanish anarchist (f. 1914).
• 1845: John the Baptist Lazaga Garay, Spanish navy and military (f. 1898).
• 1861: Anselmo L. Figueroa, journalist and Mexican anarchist politician (f. 1915).
• 1864: Max Weber, economist, philosopher, politician and German sociologist (f. 1920).
• 1865: Otto Francis, Austrian aristocrat (f. 1906).
• 1867: José Vicente Concha, jurisconsulto and Colombian diplomat (f. 1929).
• 1870: Edwin S. Porter, American filmmaker (f. 1941).
• 1874: Vincent Scotto, French composer (f. 1952).
• 1882: Percy Williams Bridgman, U.S. physicist, nobel prize of physics in 1946 (f. 1961).
• 1889: Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, nobel chemistry award in 1937 (f. 1971).
• 1889: Manuel Prado Ugarteche, Peruvian civil and political engineer, president of Peru between 1939-1945 and 1956-1962 (f. 1967).
• 1889: Efrem Zimbalist, director of Russian-American orchestra and violinist (f. 1985).
• 1895: Carlos Meyer Baldó, Venezuelan aviator (f. 1933).
• 1899: Randall Thompson, American composer (f. 1984).
• 1903: Luis Saslavsky, Argentine filmmaker (f. 1995).
• 1904: Odilo Globocnik, war criminal and Austrian leader of the SS (f. 1945).
• 1904: Mercedes Simone, tango singer and Argentine actress (f. 1990).
• 1905: Guiche Aizemberg, poet, litrist, writer and Argentine dentist of Ukrainian origin (f. 1993).
• 1907: Enrique Líster, Spanish military and political (f. 1994).
• 1910: María Esther Gamas, actress and vedette argentina (f. 2006).
• 1911: Leonard Warren, American baritone (f. 1960).
• 1912: Eve Arnold, American photographer.
• 1912: Marcel Camus, French filmmaker (f. 1982).
• 1914: Carlos García, pianist and composer of Argentine tangos (f. 2006).
• 1915: Anthony Quinn, Mexican-American actor and filmmaker (f. 2001).
• 1917: María Isbert, Spanish actress (f. 2011).
• 1919: Licio Gelli, journalist and Italian banker (f. 2015).
• 1919: Don Cornell, American singer (f. 2004).
• 2019: Rosario Sánchez Mora, Spanish militia (f. 2008).
• 1920: Anselmo Duarte, Brazilian filmmaker
• 1922: Alistair MacLean, Scottish novelist (f. 1987).
• 1922: Mundell Lowe, guitarist, composer and director of American orchestra (f. 2017).
• 1925: Sibghatullah Mojaddedi, Afghan professor and politician, President of Afghanistan in 1992 (f. 2019).
• 1925: Solomon Perel, a German-Israeli writer (f. 2023).

Isabel II

• 1926: Isabel II, British aristocrat, Queen of the United Kingdom between 1952 and 2022 (f. 2022).
• 1929: Armando Tejada Gómez, poet, litrist, writer and Argentinean announcer (f. 1992).
• 1930: Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (f. 1989).
• 1935: Charles Grodin, American actor (f. 2021).
• 1937: Javier Portales, actor and Argentine comedian (f. 2003).
• 1939: Helen Prejean, American activist.
• 1939: Ian Gibson, Irish-Spanish hypnist, specialist in contemporary history.
• 1940: Francesc Searched, Spanish basketball player.
• 1940: Souleymane Cissé, a Malian filmmaker.
• 1941: Juan Somavía, Chilean lawyer and diplomat.
• 1945: Ronnie Tober, Dutch singer.
• 1945: Hernando Casanova, Colombian actor (f. 2002).
• 1946: Ariedo Braida, Italian footballer.
• 1946: Lino Patalano, director and theatrical producer of Argentina.
• 1946: Gilson Peranzzetta, pianist, composer, orchestra director and Brazilian arranger.
• 1947: Iggy Pop, American singer, musician and actor.
• 1947: Enrique Novi, Mexican actor.
• 1949: Patti LuPone, American actress and singer.
• 1951: Michael Hartley Freedman, American mathematician.
• 1954: James Morrison, American actor.
• 1954: Ebiet G. Ade, Indonesian composer and guitarist.
• 1958: Andie MacDowell, American actress.
• 1959: Jerry Only, American singer.
• 1959: Robert Smith, guitarist, singer and British composer.
• 1961: Chavo Fucks, journalist and Argentine sports commentator.
• 1961: David Servan-Schreiber, French neuroscientist (f. 2011).
• 1963: John Cameron Mitchell, American writer, actor and filmmaker.
• 1963: Roy Dupuis, Canadian actor.
• 1965: Gary Grant, American basketball player.
• 1968: Peter van Vossen, a Dutch soccer player and coach.
• 1969: Toby Stephens, British actor.
• 1970: Glen Hansard, Irish guitarist.
• 1971: Eric Mabius, American actor.
• 1971: Michael Turner, American cartoonist.

James McAvoy

• 1972: José Luis Munuera, Spanish artist.
• 1972: Carlos Espejel, Mexican actor.
• 1972: Severina Vučković, Croatian singer and actress.
• 1973: Katsuyuki Konishi, Japanese seiyū.
• 1975: Sebastián Cejas, Argentine soccer player.
• 1978: Diana Navarro, Spanish singer.
• 1978: Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer.
• 1978: Branden Steineckert, American musician.
• 1979: James McAvoy, British actor.
• 1979: Tobias Linderoth, Swedish footballer.
• 1980: Hiro Shimono, Japanese singer and actor.
• 1980: Tony Romo, American football player.
• 1982: Pablo Gabas, Argentine nationalized Costa Rican player.
• 1983: Marco Donadel, Italian footballer.
• 1983: Paweł Brożek, Polish footballer.
• 1984: Cristóbal Márquez, Spanish footballer.
• 1985: Jamar Shipman, American professional fighter.
• 1986: Rodney Stuckey, American basketball player.
• 1988: Gary Kagelmacher, Uruguayan footballer.
• 1988: Robbie Amell, Canadian actor and model.
• 1988: Christoph Sanders, American actor.
• 1988: Jencarlos Canela, American actor and musician of Cuban origin.
• 1989: Nikki A.S.H., Scottish professional fighter.
• 1992: Isco, Spanish footballer.
• 1994: Ludwig Augustinsson, Swedish footballer.
• 1995: Thomas Doherty, British actor.
• 1995: Eva De Dominici, an Argentine actress and model.
• 1996: Gaston Faber, Uruguayan footballer.
• 1997: Desheun Ryo Yamakawa, Japanese footballer.
• 1997: Juan Pablo Arguedas, a Costa Rican footballer.
• 1997: Matteo Pessina, Italian footballer.
• 1997: Mikel Oyarzabal, Spanish footballer.
• 1997: Sydney Sierota, American singer.
• 1998: Tobias Bjerg, Danish swimmer.
• 1998: Rodion Alimov, Russian Badminton player.
• 1998: Jarrett Allen, American basketball player.
• 1998: Roberto Alarcón Sáez, Spanish footballer.
• 1998: Alicia Aylies, model and queen of French beauty.
• 1998: Jackson Wells, New Zealand acrobatic skier.
• 1998: Warren Tchimbembé, French footballer.
• 1998: Oskar Sunnefeldt, Swedish basketball player.
• 1998: Duvan Uribe, Colombian footballer.
• 1999: Ryo Hasegawa, Japanese footballer.
• 1999: Sōta Satō, Japanese footballer.
• 1999: José Hernández Clemente, Mexican footballer.
• 1999: Marcos Helman, Argentine basketball player.
• 1999: Alexander Alvarado, Ecuadorian footballer.
• 1999: Xioczana Canales, Peruvian footballer.
• 1999: Edgar López, Mexican footballer.
• 1999: Lucrezia Magistris, Italian halter.
• 2000: Maite Lanata, an Argentine actress.
• 2000: Arturs Zagars, Latvian basketball player.
• 2000: William Velasco, Bolivian footballer.
• 2000: Daniil Márkov, Russian swimmer.
• 2007: Isabel de Denmark, princess of Denmark.

Deaths

• 234: Xian, Chinese emperor (n. 181).
• 1073: Alexander II, Italian Pope, between 1061-1073 (1010).
• 1109: Anselmo de Canterbury, philosopher, theologian and English religious (n. 1033).
• 1112: Beltrán de Tolosa, French aristocrat (n. 1065).
• 1142: Pierre Abelard, a French philosopher and writer (n. 1079).
• 1509: Henry VII, English king (n. 1457).
• 1552: Petrus Apianus, mathematician and German astronomer (n. 1495).
• 1569: Hernán Ruiz II (Hernán Ruiz Jiménez), Spanish architect (n. 1514).
• 1574: Cosme I de Médici, an Italian aristocrat (n. 1519).
• 1582: Francisco de Toledo, aristocrat and Spanish military (n. 1515).
• 1699: Jean Racine, French playwright (n. 1639).
• 1701: Asano Naganori, lord of war and Japanese daimyo (n. 1665).
• 1719: Philippe de la Hire, mathematician and French historian (n. 1640).
• 1792: Brazilian political activist (n. 1746).
• 1831: José Tomás Ovalle, Chilean lawyer and politician, president between 1830 and 1831 (n. 1787).
• 1852: Ivan Nabókov, Russian general (n. 1787).
• 1859: Otto Sendtner, German botanist (n. 1813).
• 1889: Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, Mexican politician.
• 1908: Carlos Pezoa Véliz, poet and journalist autodidacta, Chilean (n. 1879).

Mark Twain

• 1910: Mark Twain, American writer (n. 1835).
• 1913: Marcos Zapata Mañas, playwright and Spanish poet (n. 1842).
• 1913: André Soudy, a French anarchist (n. 1982).
• 1914: Virgilio Uribe, Mexican Marine (n. 1896).
• 1918: Red Baron (Manfred von Richthofen, 25), German military aircraft (n. 1892).
• 1922: Alessandro Moreschi, Italian singer (n. 1858).
• 1924: Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (n. 1858).
• 1930: Robert Bridges, British poet (n. 1844).
• 1938: Allama Iqbal, poet, philosopher and Pakistani politician (n. 1877).
• 1945: Walther Model, German military (n. 1891).
• 1946: John Maynard Keynes, British economist (n. 1883).
• 1948: Carlos López Buchardo, Argentine composer (n. 1881).
• 1948: Aldo Leopold, American environmental activist (n. 1887).
• 1960: Francisco Álvarez, Argentine actor (n. 1892).
• 1964: Jorge Ricardo Masetti (34), guerrilla and Argentine journalist (n. 1929).
• 1965: Pedro Albizu Campo, Puerto Rican independence leader (n. 1891).
• 1965: Edward Victor Appleton, British physicist (n. 1892).
• 1966: Josef Dietrich, German SS General (n. 1892).
• 1971: François Duvalier, Haitian dictator (n. 1907).
• 1972: Juan Carlos Castagnino, painter, architect and Argentine artist (n. 1908).
• 1972: Jorge Mistral, Spanish actor (n. 1920).
• 1977: Gummo Marx, American actor (n. 1892).
• 1978: Sandy Denny, British singer (n. 1947).
• 1980: Aleksandr Oparin, Soviet biochemical (n. 1894).
• 1984: Manuel Mujica Lainez, writer, biographer, critic and Argentine journalist (n. 1910).
• 1985: Rudi Gernreich, Austrian designer (n. 1922).
• 1985: Tancredo Neves, Brazilian banker and politician, elected president (n. 1910).
• 1986: Salah Jahin, Egyptian poet and composer (n. 1930).
• 1989: James Kirkwood, Jr., playwright and American actor (n. 1924).
• 1990: Erté (RT, Romain Tirtoff), painter, designer, stage designer and Russian modisto exiled in Paris (n. 1892).
• 1991: Willi Boskovsky, Austrian violinist (n. 1909).
• 1991: Rudra Mohammad Shahidullah, Bangladeshi poet (n. 1956).
• 1994: Bobby Gurney, British footballer (n. 1907).
• 1994: Raúl Soldi, Argentine plastic artist (n. 1905).
• 1995: Roberto Parra Sandoval, Chilean musician (n. 1921).
• 1996: Dzhojar Dudáyev, Soviet General and First President of Chechnya (n. 1944).
• 1996: Gloria de la Cruz, actress and singer who audited for the film Selena (n.1977 or 1978)
• 1997: Aníbal Tarabini, Argentine footballer (n. 1941).
• 1998: Egyptian Jacobsen, Danish painter and professor (n. 1910).
• 1998: Jean-François Lyotard, French philosopher (n. 1924).
• 1999: Charles Buddy Rogers, American actor (n. 1904).
• 2000: Gunther Gerzso, Mexican plastic artist (n. 1915).
• 2002: Patxi Iturrioz, Spanish politician (n. 1937).

Prince

• 2003: Nina Simone, American singer (n. 1933).
• 2004: Alejandro Paternain, Uruguayan writer (n. 1933).
• 2004: Mary McGrory, American journalist (n. 1918).
• 2005: Valeriano Andrés, Spanish actor (n. 1922).
• 2006: Telê Santana, footballer and Brazilian coach (n. 1931).
• 2009: Vivian Maier, American photographer (n. 1926).
• 2010: Gustav Lorentzen, Norwegian singer, duo Knutsen & Ludvigsen (n. 1947).
• 2010: Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish businessman and politician (n. 1920).
• 2012: Charles Colson, American writer and lawyer (f. 2012).
• 2013: Christina Amphlett, Australian singer, Divinyls band (n. 1959).
• 2014: Ramón Pons, Spanish actor (n. 1940).
• 2016: Prince, American singer (n. 1958).
• 2017: Ugo Ehiogu, British footballer (n. 1972).
• 2018: Nabi Tajima, Japanese supercentenary (n. 1900).
• 2018: Verne Troyer, American actor (n. 1969).
• 2020: Florian Schneider, German musician and composer (n. 1947)
• 2022: Debanhi Escobar, Mexican victim of femicide (n. 2003)

Celebrations

• Mexico Mexico: Heroica defense of Veracruz.
• BrazilBrazil: Tiradentes.
• Argentina: National Day of Health and Safety at Work
• World Day of Creativity and Innovation
• Commemoration of the Rome Foundation.
• Sacred Day in the Badí calendar: first day of the Ridván Festival (21 April - 2 May) in commemoration of the announcement of Bahaullá.
• Grounation Day, Rastafari festival.
• World Parkour Day.

Catholic saints list

• San Anselmo de Canterbury, Benedictine religious and doctor of the Church.
• San Conrado de Parzham, Capuchin religious.
• San Silvio the martyr.