Antauro Humala

Antauro Igor Humala Tasso (Lima, June 29, 1963) is a Peruvian former military officer, writer and politician. He is the leader and founder of the ethnocacerista movement movement, a controversial collective for its exaltation of Peruvian identity, irredentism, radical anti-Chileanism and ultranationalism.

He led the Locumba uprising together with his brother Ollanta Humala, in which they asked for the resignation of President Alberto Fujimori, after his second re-election. He also led the Andahuaylazo, a military uprising for which he remained in prison since January 3 from 2005 to August 20, 2022.

Biography

Anaturo Igor Humala Tasso (Antauro Humala) was born in Lima, on June 29, 1963. Son of the lawyers Isaac Humala and Elena Tasso. He is the brother of former President Ollanta Humala and Ulises Humala.

He studied at the Franco-Peruvian School in the city of Lima and at the National College of Sciences and Arts in Cuzco. He entered the National Agrarian University La Molina in the Agricultural Engineering degree.

Military career

In 1979, he entered the Chorrillos Military School. He graduated in the 1985 class of 'Héroes de Concepción'. He was a patrol chief in the anti-subversive fight in the 1980s. He participated as a captain, taking part in the war operations of 1995 during the Cenepa War. He proved to be an outstanding soldier, so much so that in 1997 he was promoted to Major of the Peruvian Army.

He entered the Army War College and served as Senior Officer of the Sanmartiniano Institute of Peru.

Locumba Uprising

On October 29, 2000, together with his brother Ollanta and at the head of 69 reservists (mostly veterans of the war against Ecuador and the fight against the Shining Path), he attacked a mining facility in Locumba (Tacna) to demand the resignation of then-president Alberto Fujimori. That same day, presidential advisor Vladimiro Montesinos fled the country aboard the sailboat Karisma.

After the assault, carried out when the Fujimori regime was in full crisis, the rebel group toured the Peruvian Andes denouncing Fujimori's illegality and demanding the "dignity" of the Peruvian Armed Forces, according to him and his brother, in the hands of corrupt military leaders. After a month of marching and suffering the desertion of a large number of his followers, he accepted the amnesty that the transitory government of Valentín Paniagua offered them if they They laid down their weapons.

Andahuaylazo

On January 1, 2005, two days after his brother Ollanta retired, he staged a new riot called Andahuaylazo, this time against President Alejandro Toledo, in the city of Andahuaylas. Humala attacked a police station with a group of armed men and sought the resignation of the president and the restitution of the 1979 Constitution. In this regard, Antauro Humala stated the following:

This [the police station] has been taken by express command of Commander Ollanta

Finally, he was captured and his troops laid down their arms by his order on January 4. During his assault, four police officers and two of his reservists died. He was captured and taken to the Piedras Gordas prison, north of Lima.

In 2009 Antauro Humala received a 25-year sentence for different crimes that he was accused of committing in said rebellion. at the Andahuaylas police station, among other charges. This sentence was reviewed by the Supreme Court of Peru in 2011, to reduce it to the 19 years of effective prison in which it was approved.

Controversy over results of ballistic tests

In February 2015, a report from the Criminalistics Directorate of the National Police of Peru (PNP) on the bodies of the 4 law enforcement officers who died in this attack, indicates that the bullets that caused their death came from above. and behind, while Antauro Humala's insurgent group was ahead. An investigation into these claims has already begun.

Prison and request for amnesty and release

In August 2011, the political debate began on his amnesty, a benefit supported by two congressmen from Gana Perú, the second vice president Omar Chehade and the then defense minister Daniel Mora. In this regard, Antauro commented: The table is set for my departure..

Although the issue is controversial, the newspaper El Comercio, in its editorial of December 26, 2012, titled The paper endures everything, describes the facts for which Antauro Humala is sentenced and declares against the draft to declare founded a habeas corpus appeal presented by the prisoner's lawyer.

In September 2019, he presented his request for conditional release to the National Penitentiary Institute of Peru (INPE), who is serving a 19-year prison sentence in the Virgen de la Merced prison in Chorrillos.

He was initially sentenced to 25 years in prison after being accused of various crimes committed in Andahuaylazo. In 2011, the Supreme Court reduced his sentence to 19 years after a review of the case, however, on August 19, 2022, the INPE ordered his release after serving his sentence, for the prison benefit of reduced sentence for days of study and job to which Antauro accepted and left the next day. Later he announced his interest in running in the presidential elections.

Political career

He ran for the Congress of the Republic for the Lima constituency in the 2006 General Elections, as a candidate for the Avanza País party.

In October 2018 he founded the Patriotic Front. In June 2019 Antauro Humala made it official.

Throughout his career he has been director of the Diario Nuevo Sol, Periódico Ollanta and author of four books, which include From the ethnosanct war to the Tawantinsuyana church.

In the 2020 congressional elections, he joined with the political party Unión por el Perú, obtaining a total of 13 seats at the national level.

Presidential candidacy and ideology

After his release in 2022, he maintained the nationalist ideology, in which he noted that for his subsequent presidential campaign "[we] submit to the rules of the corrupt rule of law with its judge and its ball and we plan to beat it." Although IDL describes the political party as "Andean fascism", in an interview with Infobae in 2022, Humala describes what differentiates his party:

Fascism is a strictly right-wing movement created by Mussolini. It was a right-wing populism, let's say so. We rebel against neoliberal presidents and those who say we are a Andean fascism, do not know what fascism is and speak because they have a mouth. We have nothing of fascism, on the contrary we are on the other side. The difference in us is that we are neither left nor right but between nationalism and globalism. We defend the nation before multinational governments like, say, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. People who put States on their knees. We are not governed by right-wing and left-wing coordinates, but have the Peruvian before the foreign in total appearance.

Their movement has posited itself as anti-fascist, anti-capitalist and anti-communist, using the term third position to qualify itself. Some analysts have pointed out the similarities between ethnocacerism and Nazism.

Among other positions are replacing the 1993 Constitution because it "protects the interests of foreign capital", supporting the death penalty against those accused of corruption, and expropriating national television channels operated by commercial companies. and transfer to public organizations. He also considers his "copper candidates" Pedro Castillo and Alejandro Toledo as "slightly corrupt and millionaire corrupt" respectively. During his tour he accused Congress of a bill to prevent those accused of homicide to apply and sarcastically thanked Jorge Montoya and José Cueto for motivating a "possible closure" of Parliament.

On September 11, Antauro Humala returned to Andahuaylas after 17 years of the events of the Andahuaylazo, he arrived dressed as a military man and toured various points of the city, including the police headquarters that he captured in 2005. At that time At that moment he was followed by sympathizers in the center of the city. Faced with the allegations of corruption against Pedro Castillo, Antauro Humala stated that "if he becomes a criminal president, his coup d'état will be his turn."

In January 2023, in the presence of a dilemma, Humala urged the new president Dina Boluarte to restore the 1979 Constitution, which was not liked by the supporters of former president Pedro Castillo, all this in the context of the protests December 2022; he referred to Sendero Luminoso, an armed Maoist organization that had previously led the internal armed conflict for carrying out very brutal attacks against the population, as the "best that the left has given, from Pizarro until now," said that led to the complaint of the Antiterrorism Prosecutor's Office on January 27. In an interview for La República, he described Castillo as a "chicken thief" and assured that the dictatorships in Peru have been more peaceful than democracies.

In August 2023, he was against civil union and ignored the vote of the LGBT community in the country. In October of that month, he openly declared himself xenophobic when he proposed a Venezuelan refugee camp without the support of the State.

Publications

• Peruvian Army: Milenarism, Nationalism and Ethnocacerism (2001)
• Conversations with Antauro Humala (Besides Pedro Saldaña Ludeña) (2007)
• Ethnonationalism. Left and Globality (Ethnocacerist Vision) (2011)
• From the Enosanta War to the Tawantinsuyana Church (2013)