Annex: Latin phrases

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"To eradicate is human."

The Latin phrases are Latin expressions that are used in Spanish with a meaning close to the original. As Latin was the language of cultural and scientific expression in Europe until the XVIII century,^{[quote required]} many locutions have survived in legal, philosophical, technical, religious, medical and scientific language. In popular usage, these phrases have been known with disdain as "Latinajos".

In the use of Latin locutions there is also a mixed attitude. This is because, on occasions, they are used by people who do not know the Latin language well, which is the reason for frequent errors. Such is the case of the erroneous de motu proprio, whose correct use must not include a preposition, as it is an ablative, and must be said motu proprio; The same occurs with the erroneous a grosso modo, which also does not admit the preposition for the same reason as the previous one (it must be said grosso modo).

The misuse of Latin is satirized in the humorous compositions in the so-called macaronic Latin and in the History of the famous preacher fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes, novel of the century XVIII written by Father Isla.

According to the new Orthography of the Royal Spanish Academy, all Latin locutions must be written «[…] in italics (or between quotation marks) and without graphic accents, since these do not exist in the Latin script».

Latin pronunciation

The pronunciation of Latin is a matter of debate among philologists, linguists, and historians, although it is a problem that affects popular dialect, not learned usage. One explanation suggests that, for native speakers, the relationship between the Latin spelling and its pronunciation might be similar to the one that exists today between the French or English spelling and their respective pronunciations. The derivation of the Romance languages from Vulgar Latin, a Latin dialect spoken after the classical period by the less educated people, makes the above hypothesis probable. Although there are some uncertain details, comparative work has made it possible to reasonably reconstruct the classical pronunciation to a great extent. However, along with the reconstructed pronunciation, traditional pronunciations (which do not seek to reconstruct the classical language) continue to be used in different countries in addition to the ecclesiastical pronunciation, which in certain details follows the line of late Latin and Romance languages.

Grosso modo, the reconstructed pronunciation for Classical Latin from its spelling can be summarized by some considerations:

c always pronounces /k/, as in house (oclusive, watch, deaf). So: cetera is pronounced / Ketera/.
ph is pronounced /f/ (as in Hellenistic Greek), as in amphibian (fricative, lipdental, deaf). So: amphibia is pronounced /anfibia/ (although it is known that before the centuryII could have pronounced more [ph] as in classical Greek).
g is always pronounced /g/, as in cat (oclusive, guarding, sounding), or Eagle (oclusive, watch, sound). For example: genus-generis se pronuncia /guénus/-/guéneris/.
j it doesn't exist in classic Latin. In vulgar Latin represents an alophonic variant i. For example: justitia instead of iustitia. Both cases can be pronounced /iustítia/ (respectively, with vocálic value of i vowel, and semiconsonant value i for vocals, AFI [j]).
What? se pronuncia [kw]. For example: - What? se pronuncia [kwe]. In archaic Latin he could represent a genuine biovelar /kw/ (as it exists in other non-European languages).
v se pronuncia [w]. For example: Come phonologically is /u/nī/ In some traditional readings, the pronouncements /b/ (billary explosive fricative) and /v/ (labiodental, fricative, sound) are also supported, although these pronouncements are typical of the later romance, not the classic Latin itself. Traditional reading Come in Spain was /beni/ while in Italy or France was /véni/.
ll pronounced as l Italian geminada Raffaella, /l-l/. For example: bellum belli is pronounced /bel-lum bél-li/.
The ligatures æ and What? did not exist in the classical era and the separate letters were written (AE, OE). Both groups should be read as diptongos: Cæsar (two syllables, not three) Fœderatio /foe..de. ageá.ti.ō/ (five syllables, but not /*fo.e.de. margina.tiō/).
The nature of r- initial or sound -rr- It's doubtful. In Spanish, Portuguese, Italian South Centre (including Rome) or Catalan r- initial is vibrant multiple /r/ although in center-north Italian is vibrant simple / pop/. As for -rr- there are doubts whether it was articulated /r/ / offset.
Another important issue is that of long and brief vowels, as well as their respective obertura. The texts in poetry, the evidence of the Romance languages and the comparison with other Indo-European languages have allowed the rebuilding of the quality of the vowels, although in general many traditional pronunciations omit this feature, which was important in the classical Latin.
The classic Latin distinguishes vocálica quantity, also that is important in laying the tonic accent in Latin, where the accent is not phenomic (unlike most Romance languages): a scrub word has a brief syllable in the penultimate. The penultimate has a tonic accent if it is a "heavy syllable", that is whether the vowel is long or a syllable.

Ecclesiastical Latin has traditionally used a different pronunciation from Classical, closer to that of Late Latin of the 4th or 5th century but not identical. Thus, in ecclesiastical Latin < c > before e, i is usually pronounced /t͡ʃ/, < ae > is articulated as [e]~[ɛ] (depending on the country), while < oe > is articulated as [e], and the sequence -tio is pronounced [ʦi.o].

List of Latin phrases

A - E


Discussion	Gloss	Use and/or example
A maiore ad minus	'From the eldest to the minor'.
A minor ad maius	'From the minor to the elder'.
A solis ortu usque ad occasum	‘From sunrise to sunset’.
Ab absurd.	From the absurd	The appeal to ridicule is a fallacy in which the opponent's arguments are presented in such a way that they seem ridiculous. It should not be confused with the reductio ad absurdum, which is a valid argument.
Ab aeterno	‘From eternity’.
Ab antiquo	‘From old’.
A bene placito	‘From someone well pleased’.	Also, “at will”, or “at pleasure”. This phrase, and its derivatives, like the Italian ♪ Baby ♪, are synonyms of the most common ad libitum ('to taste').
Ab epistulis	‘De las letras’.	Ab epistulis was the Chancellor's office in the Roman Empire responsible for the Emperor's correspondence.
A divinis	‘Away from the divine’.	The priest was disqualified to exercise his ministry: they imposed the canonical suspension a divinis.
Alea iacta est	‘The dice are thrown’ interpreted as ‘The luck is cast’. Verse of Menandro who quoted in Greek Julius Caesar when he decided to pass the Rubicon River with his troops.	It is used when making a risky decision without the possibility of going back.
À priōri	‘From above’. Before considering the subject to be spoken, before the experience.	All presumption is a trial a priori.
À posteriōri	After the matter to which it is spoken.	'Subsequently' to have examined the matter of which we speak, after the experience. A test a posteriori of events evidence that the attackers were professional.
À verbīs ad verbera	‘From words to blows’.	Diplomacy did not achieve results and decided to pass a verbis ad verbera.
Ab æternō	Ever since, from a long time ago.	God exists ab æternoAccording to the Bible.
Ab imō pectore	‘From the bottom of the chest’.	I'll talk to you. ab imo pectore
Ab initiō	‘From the beginning’, it does not mean at first.	This is a thoughtful decision ab initio.
Ab intestātō	In the legal sphere, a situation that occurs when someone dies without having made a will.	He was very rich, but he died. ab intestato.
Ab orīgine	‘From the origin or beginning’.	It was a rich family. ab origineAnd yet they let the Treasury down.
Accēsit	Second prize, honorary mention. Literally: he approached.	The contest has a first prize of € 6000 and a accésit of 1500 €.
Acta est fabula	‘The show is over’.	It is said that it was the last words of Emperor Augustus. «The Song of Queen The Show Must Go On had the meaning of acta est fabula for Freddy Mercury».
Ad absurdum	Even absurd or absurd.	The argumentative remedy used to refute an initial hypothesis through the concatenation of inferences resulting in a logical contradiction, that is, in an irrational or absurd conclusion. See, for example, reductio ad absurdum.
Ad æternum	‘Forever, for all eternity’.	The treasure will be buried ad æternum.
Ad kalendās græcās	It is said when it is convinced that a circumstance or an event will never occur: in Greece there were no stores.	The Sun will revolve around the Earth ad calendas græcas.
Ad astra	‘To the stars’.	Name or motto of various organizations, publications, etc.
Ad hoc	‘For this’.	It applies, as an adjective, to the material actions and means specially designed for this purpose, which are considered suitable for achieving a predetermined purpose. «The prosecutor has presented evidence manufactured ad hoc to inculcate my defended."
Ad hōminem	‘(Directed) to man’, to the person.	“That reasoning cannot be true because that political party also defends it” is a fallacy ad hominem.
Ad hōnōrem	Allocation of a position or distinction for purely honorary reasons, without any retribution.	The queen is president ad honorem of the Spanish Association of Fighting Cancer.
Ad infinitum	‘To the infinite’. It is said of an action, relationship or process that has no end.	Internet has expanded communication possibilities ad infinitum.
Ad interim	‘Internally’. It is said of the provisional occupation of a position or function.	Juan López has been appointed team leader ad interim.
Ad libitum	‘For desire’, at will, to taste.	The Tempo of this musical work is not stipulated, but is ad libitum.
Ad litteram	‘To the letter’, at the foot of the letter.	Interpretation ad litteram of the Bible generates fanaticism.
Ad memōriam reī perpetuam	‘For perpetual memory of the matter’.	Term frequently used in Spanish century documentsXVII. The witness declared under oath ad memoriam rei perpetuam.
Ad nauseam	Even the haste.	The repetition ad nauseam of a lie should not make it true.
Ad nūtum	'At will.'	If the food is undone you can add salt ad nutum.
Ad pedem litteræ	‘At the foot of the letter’. It expresses the obligation to comply strictly with the literality of a text, a rule or an indication.	The Constitution of the country must be fulfilled ad pedem litteræ.
Ad persōnam	Reserved for a particular person. In the shipments, this warning indicates that the missive should only be delivered or opened by the recipient. Not to confuse with ad hominem.
Ad portās	‘At the gates’ (I see that it used to be said to the possible advances of Hannibal over the city of Rome). In the figurative sense, it is said that something is found ad portas when it is very close to happening or is imminent.	With an explosive monetary devaluation ad portasthe stability of the national economy is uncertain.
Ad sanctōs	Sacred. Neologism created by Philippe Ariès to name the use of inhumation between the tenth and eighteenth centuries to give as a preferred burial within or around the parish church.
Ad sensum	'In the sense' of.
Addendum or addenda (plural)	Text added at the end of a writing or book.	Addenda which extend the content of chapter XX.
Aere perennius	‘More durable than bronze’ (Horacio in reference to his own work).
Affidavit	Legal certificate, usually issued by an embassy or consulate.
Alias	nickname, pseudonym, nickname.	Former footballer Diego Armando Maradona, alias "El pelusa".
Alma mate	‘Madre nutricia’: a higher study center where it was studied. By antonomasia "university".	This summer there is a meeting of exalumnos in the soul mate (incorrect use as a ‘charismatic person’ or ‘center of a meeting’: “Susana was the soul mate from the party».
Alter ego	‘Another me’.	Peter Parker is known for the feats of his alter ego Spider-Man.
Animō iocāndī	‘In the spirit of joke’. Expression used to indicate that one thing is said with ironic or joke, and that it cannot be taken seriously; or there has been no intention of offending.
Annō Dominī (A. D.)	‘In the year of the Lord’. Expression used to date a text or historical fact from the year of birth of Jesus Christ. It is used, above all, in its abbreviated formula (a. D).	In 1245 (a. D.)...
Before meridiem (a.m.)	‘Before noon’. It refers to the 12 hours prior to midday, as opposed to the following 12 (p. m).	Exit time: 10 a.m.
Ante tempus	‘Before time’.	It translates ante tempus as before it reaches its end or its end.
Magnatic classroom	Colleges and universities for special solemnity.	The delivery of diplomas will take place in the university's magna classroom.
Midwives	‘Gold mediocrity’. Expression of the poet Horatio who exalts the virtues of moderation in life.	After years of going from one end to another, he settled in aurea mediocrites and achieved happiness.
Ave atque vale	‘Cheers and goodbye’.	Catulo, Carmen CI, in memory of the dead brother.
Bis	‘Twice’. It is used to indicate that something should be repeated. Also when the number of an heading is repeated in a law, regulation or text. Also, it is called “bis” to extraordinary performance, outside of program, which the protagonists offer at the end of the show as a tip.	At the end of the recital, the public did not stop applauding Montserrat Caballé for a bis.
Calamo currente	‘Running the pen’.	Without previous reflection, with swiftness and unprepared writing.
Campus	Land that surrounds a university and by extension the entire university campus, either physical or virtual.	UNED has such an extensive virtual campus that allows students to access education regardless of where they live.
Carpe diem	‘Take advantage of the day [of today]’, literally ‘set the day’.	As my advice I say to you: carpe diem.
Carthago delenda est	‘Cartago must be destroyed’	Attributed to the Old Caton.
Casus belli	A ‘case’ that is susceptible to be considered sufficient to trigger a ‘bell’ problem. Also, ‘war declaration’.	The repeated unauthorized crossing of the border is casus belli.
Cæteris paribus	‘The rest remains the same’. It is usual to see it in acronyms «c. p.»as well as «Paribus». It is used in economic theory, it is added to an economic formula to symbolize that the other variables that affect the explained variable not collected in the formula remain constant.
Caveat emptor	‘Beware of the buyer’. Doctrine of the property law which states that the responsibility for a purchase rests with the buyer, who shall take the appropriate measures to ensure the quality of the purchases in advance by discarding possible future claims to the seller.	The books on this side are used and I have not been able to review them all page per page, so I cannot guarantee them completely... Caveat emptor.
Circa (ca.) (c.)	‘Alrededor de...’. It is used to date a fact approximately.	The Mio Cid -circa 1200—is a gestation song.
Confer (cf.)	'Compara'.
Codex	‘Codice’. Generic name of medieval scrolls or books.	The Codex by Beato de Liébana contains one of the oldest mapmundis in history.
Cognosco melior, facio taliter	‘I know the best but I do the worst.’
Conditio sine qua non or (less common) Condicio sine qua non	‘Condition without which no’. It expresses that a given condition is absolutely necessary for something to happen.	The existence of water is a conditio sine qua non to survive.
Conivnctis viribus or (sometimes written) Conjunctis viribus	‘Union makes strength’.
Coram populo	‘Before the people’, publicly.	Confessed coram populo your thoughts.
Coram Deo	‘In front of God’, in private.	On the bed of his death, coram Deo He repented of all his sins.
Corpore insepulto	‘With the body without burying’. Tell about the funeral with the deceased about a catafalc before inhuming it.	The funeral was held in the Naval School courtyard corpore insepulto of the deceased admiral.
Corpus	‘Second of’. In bibliography it expresses the work of an author or his main ideas.	Song to love sums up the corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus hab corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus hab corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus corpus by Pablo Neruda.
Consumatum est	‘It is finished’, ‘it’ is accomplished.	Examples: The union has been consummated. The board is over, consummum est.
Corpus delicti	‘The Body of Crime’. The material proof of an event or fact.	The gun found in your home is the delicti that allows him to accuse him of murder.
Credo quia absurdum	‘I believe because it is absurd’.	Attributed to Tertullian, referring to his belief in Christ as God incarnated, crucified, dead and risen (see fideism).
Cum grano salis	‘With caution and paying close attention’.	It's a charlatan, let's take your statements. cum grain salis.
Cum laude	‘With honor and praise’.	Mary has achieved a cum laude in his doctoral thesis.
Cunnilingus	‘Lamer la vulva’. Oral sex practice in female genitals.	In ancient Rome, man became envileted by making the cunnilingus a woman. His punishment was to lose the right to vote, and not be able to represent himself in a trial.
Curriculum vitæ	‘Carrera de la vida’. It currently refers to the document by which a person reflects the steps of his career.	Envió curriculum several companies.
Conturbatus animus non est aptus ad exqeuendum munun suum	‘A restless soul cannot fulfill its duty’.
De facto	‘For the consummated facts’. By the force of circumstances. According to events.	In many countries, the government de facto It is held by the military or the big commercial corporations.
Incognito	‘Unknownly’, hiddenly.	Luis was introduced as an unknown at the meeting...
Iure	‘According to the law’. Legally.	Age of iure is reached at age 18.
De omni receive scibili et quibusdam aliis	‘About everything you can know and other things more’.	An Italian scholar of the s. XV wrote Of all received and an apprentice adds et quibusdam aliis.
De vita et moribus	‘On life and customs’.	General information on a person ' s past and present conduct to be admitted to a community or prior to assignment of a position.
Of visu	‘What has been seen directly by someone’.	There were many witnesses. Of visuIt is confirmed that the facts occurred the following way...
Delírium tremens	‘Temblorosa lighting’ It is particularly applicable to the effects that follow the excessive intake of alcohol or the withdrawal syndrome of alcoholic persons.	It was served by the health services victim of delírium tremens.
Dente lupus, cornu taurus petit	‘The wolf attacks the tooth and bull with the horn’.	As the defense is natural, everyone defends himself as he can and takes advantage of the weapons that nature has given it.
Deo coronatus	‘Coroned by God’, to emphasize power.	Carlomagno preferred to use the expression Karolus serenissimus Augustus a Deo coronatus magnus pacificus imperator Romanum gubernans imperium in your official communications.
Deo gratias	‘Thank God’. Expresses satisfaction that something has happened or, at last, is over.	Deo gratiasIt finally rained.
Deo volente	‘If God wants’ or ‘God through’.	See you tomorrow, Deo volente.
Desideratum	Expresses the maximum wish.	The desideratum of anyone is to be happy.
Detritus	‘Detrito’. Rest of decomposition of an organic compound. By extension, uncleanness, rubbish, person, or deceitable thing.	The heat and lack of cleaning make some neighborhoods full of detritus.
Deus ex machina	In allusion to an external element that solves a situation, outside the logic that prevails in it.	At the end of this novel the author appealed to a deus ex machina that solved the story.
Deus meumque ius	‘God and my right’. Expression used in the Old and Accepted Scottish Rite of the Freemasonry and also in the field of the legal.	It is the motto of the United Kingdom, although in this case it is written in French: Dieu et mon droit.
Dies iræ	‘Day of anger’. Beginning of the Office of Christian Diffuses. It applies to moments of curse and punishment.
Dixi	‘I have said’. Way to finish an exhibition, today disused for being too pretentious.
Dixit,	‘He has said’. It is used when you want to emphasize what is said by an author of special relevance.	Aristotle dixitIn such a case the scholastics used to quote him saying Magister dixit: the teacher said.
Docendo discimus	‘Teaching we learn’.	Lema of several universities in the world.
Do ut des	‘Doy to give’ or ‘dar to receive’.
Donec aliter (provideatur)	‘Until you decide otherwise’.
Duplex	‘From two elements’.	Currently it refers to two-story housing or a certain telecommunication system.
Dura lex sed lex	The law is tough, but it's the law.	Maximum that is remembered when talking about a tough rule that we are obliged to obey.
Ecce homo	Here's the man.	In the Gospels, it is attributed to Pontius Pilate in observing Jesus Christ; figuratively this phrase has come to mean someone who is suffering arduous suffering.
Ego	‘I’. Word used in Freudian psychology to express the basic characteristics of personality. In colloquial language, it is currently also used to refer to a person's unmeasured desires to excel.	Fulanito is very proud, he has a lot of ego.
Eo ipso	‘That’s why it’
Ergo	So.	Cogito ergo sum, ‘Pienso: therefore I am’. The poni has the shortest legs than the conventional horse, ergo his Gallop speed is lower.
Eritis sicut Deus	‘You will be like God’. It was the phrase that the serpent told Eve in the Eden Garden. It is a phrase that expresses temptation, in this case, to become the very God.	In the end that worker will try to do me eritis sicut Deus.^{[chuckles]required]}
Errare humanum est	Earning is human.	It is implicit to human nature to be wrong. Seneca the young man: errare humanum est, sed perseverare diabolicum; 'to see is human, but to persevere (in error) is diabolical.'
Et alibiabbreviated as et al.	And elsewhere (used upon completing the list of passages in a text).
Et aliiabbreviated as et al.	And others (referring to some text written by several authors).	[...] In the same order of things, Rodriguez et al. indicate the low incidence of the disease [...].
Et cognoscetis veritatem et veritas liberabit vos	And you will know the truth and the truth will make you free.
Et cætera (etc.)	‘And the remaining things’. It is expressed to save the exhaustive enumeration of other easily deductible elements of the discourse.	Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, etc., are planets that revolve around the Sun.
Et in sæcula sæculorum	‘And for the centuries’. Biblical phrase that often appears in lyric works.
abrupt ex	What is said abruptly, unexpectedly. (Do not confuse with the Spanish noun “abrupt”.)	He left the meeting. abrupt ex.
Ex ante	Before, before.	The ex ante evaluation of the investment plan showed such compelling results that it was decided to take the risk.
Ex æquo	Literally: on equality. The expression is used when a prize is awarded at the same time to more than one; or an equal authorship.	The national test award is awarded ex æquoo a R. S. and M. V.
Ex catedra or ex cathedra	‘From the Chair’, in master and decisive tone. It is used especially when the Catholic Pope teaches the whole Church or defines truths belonging to the faith.	Yesterday Pope Benedict XVI spoke ex caedra referring to the ethical implications of human cloning.
Ex libris	‘[Book] between books’: it represents seal or sign of property.	Ex libris Borges: book owned by Borges.
Ex nihilo	‘(Created) of nothing’. Common in religion and philosophy, as in the beginning ex nihilo nihil fit“nothing comes from nothing.” But it is also used in more informal contexts.	Neither the more abstract work of art arises ex nihiloAnd D'Ors well said that what is not tradition is plagiarism.
Ex novo	‘ Again’. It indicates that something [a process, an investigation] is to be resumed from the beginning.	In view of the detected errors, scientists have decided to retake research on malaria vaccine ex novo.
Ex nunc	‘From now’.	Used to refer to a legal act that deploys its effects from the moment of its birth and into the future. It does not modify situations prior to its existence, i.e. it does not produce retroactive effects.
Ex officio	By virtue or trade. It is used when someone has a charge for having another; when a person automatically receives an alternate position only for having another charge.	The vice president of the Republic is ex officio the president of the Senate.
Ex east lux	Light coming from the East. Originally he referred to the sun rising east. As an exclamation, the Romans greeted the sun by rising above the horizon. It alludes to the culture that comes from the East.	It is the motto of several institutions.
Ex post	After the event. It is mainly used in the world of law.	The ex-post effectiveness of the contract concluded without the authorization of the representative is a consequence of its annullability, since the radical nullity cannot be healed.
Ex profess	Adequately to an end. In Spanish it is used "ex profeso". See Ad hoc.	The police will ask ex-professional questions to make him fall into contradictions.
Ex tunc	‘Since then’.	Locution that refers to the fact that a legal act produces effects from a time prior to that in which it occurs, that is, it produces retroactive effects.
Ex ungue leonem	The lion is known.	A celebrated episode of science history about Newton, in 1697.
Except for veritatis	‘Exception of truth’.	La exceptio veritatis is the right of the accused to a crime of slander to prove the reality of the fact that he has accused another person, being exempt from criminal responsibility.
Excursus	‘Digression’: within a speech or text, which temporarily departs from the main theme (Join also “excurso”.)	After this little one excursus or parentheses, let's get back to the subject we're dealing with. disgression)
Excusatio non petita, accusatio manifesta	Meaning that an unsolicited excuse or apology is self-implication.	Suspect: I didn't kill him / Colombo: Friend, excusetio non petita, accusatio manifesta.
Exequatur	“Execute” (authorization of a Head of State).	The President of the Republic granted him the exequatur to the Ambassador of China, so that he may exercise in our country the functions of his office.
Extra	‘Also’.	That job is an extra effort.
Exempli gratia	‘A way of example’.	Many African animals fell, exempli gratiaAn antilope.
Extra walls	‘Out of the walls’. It applies to buildings located outside the city walls.	The Basilica of St.Paul Extramurs in Rome is an extra basilica.
Extra omn	‘Everybody out’.	It is the phrase that the Master of Pontifical Liturgical Celebrations pronounces when the cardinals meet in conclave on the Sistine Chapel to choose a new pope. By this phrase, all persons outside the voting are ordered to leave the chapel, since the papal election is strictly secret.

F - M

Discussion	Gloss	Use and/or example
Fac simile	‘Facsimile or facsimile’. Exact or perfect copy of an original (written, signature, book, drawing, etc.).	The editorial has published in facsimile some Picasso drawings.
Fac totum	‘Factotum’. Person who performs the fundamental activities of a job or company.	Muhammad Yunus is the Grameen Bank factotum dedicated to providing microcredit to those most in need in Bangladés.
Officio functions	Having fulfilled his function.	After politically clarifying the case of corruption, the parliamentary commission dissolved officio acts.
Graecia capture ferum victorem cepit et artes intulit in agresti Latio	The conquered Greece conquered the conqueror barbarian and introduced the arts in the Agressive Latius.	Horatio. Epistles2, 1, 156-157. Dedicated to Augusto.
Gross mode	In large lines, to lump, approximately (never confront the preposition a).	It is necessary to establish, roughly, what are the changes that the bill introduces.
Homo faber	The man who does, in contrast to the homo sapiensThe man you think.
Honoris causa	Honorable. Universities grant doctors honoris causa a personalities who have stood out in the arts, sciences and politics.	Mario Vargas Llosa is a doctor honoris causa by the University of Oxford.
hoc est praceptum meum ut diligatis in vicem.	This is my commandment: that ye love one another, as I have loved you.
Ibidem	In the same place	It is used in quotes from a text to refer, exactly, to the same page or place of a source that was declared immediately before.
Idem	Likewise, in the same way, the same; the former (to speak or write).	It is used in quotes in a text to refer to the same author of a source that was immediately declared before.
Id est (i.e.)	‘This is’, ‘i.e.’. It is used in its abbreviated form (i.e.) in scientific texts to avoid the repetition of ‘this is’ in the discourse of reasoning.	I. e.A's older than B.
In albis	In white, not aware of anything	I stayed. in albisI didn't understand anything.
In æternum	Forever
In absentia	In the absence. Courts in absentia is in rebellious
In anima vili	‘In a vil being’. In irrational animals (before man).	In Medicine, whenever you have to rehearse remedies, first you experience in anima vili.
In dubiis, abstine	‘In case of doubt, abstain’. It is used in law to prevent trial without due and well-founded conviction.	There is not enough evidence against the defendant, so in dubiis, abstine.
In dubio pro reo	‘In case of doubt, favor the reo’.	It is used in law by referring to the principle of presumption of innocence of the accused (in case of doubt, the accused will be favoured).
In fine	‘At the end’. It is used to indicate that the reference to a text is at the end of a paragraph or page.	The reference is in paragraph 2 in fine.
In fraganti	‘In the right moment’. qualitative metathesis of Latin legal aphorism in flagranti (delict). It is used to indicate the exact time when an unlawful or immoral act is being committed.	The killer was surprised in fragantiWhile he stabbed his victim.
In illo tempore	‘At that time’. Late-Latin, Christian expression of frequent appearance in the Gospels.	Use to refer to a past and distant time.
In memoriam	‘In the memory of’. Used in the event of death.	Juan Pérez in memoriam.
In loco parentis	‘In the place of parents’. In law, it is used to call a guardian in case the parents are absent.	Meet me. in loco parentis of the young man here.
In partibus or in partibus infidelium	‘In unfaithful countries’. It was originally said of a "titled" bishop, who was appointed in a territory occupied by non-Catholics, in which he did not reside.	That rascal is a minister. in partibus: he was granted the title of a position he does not really exercise.
In pectore	‘In the chest’. Keep a secret decision taken.	The Pope elevated the bishop to cardinal in pectorethat is, he kept his proclamation to the right time.
In sæcula sæculorum	‘for the centuries’. It is quoted to indicate the long duration of one thing and is used as a final in many prayers of the Catholic Church to mean the eternity of God.	I saecula saeculorum, Amen.
In situ	‘On site’.	When a severe infectious outbreak is manifested, the first thing to do is take samples in situ to then analyze them in the lab.
Indocti discant, et ament meminisse periti	‘Praise him the ignorant, and remember him the understanding.’	To highlight the importance of certain things or facts related.
Infra	Down at the bottom. It is used to refer to words or comments that will be expressed later in the text, both in footnotes and in the main body of the writing.	How we'll see infra.
Ipso facto	For this fact. Erroneously it is used as fast. Literally, in the fact itself.	The army fired a cannon. Ipso facto The war started.
Ius est ars boni et aequi	Justice is the art of good and fair.	Definition of Celsus in the Corpus luris Civilis Justinian. Ars Boni et Aequi It is also a Chilean semi-annual journal of law.
Ius primae noctis	First night law.	The right to lose.
Ius publice respondendi	Right to issue opinions and advice.	Authorization to certain jurists to give opinions on behalf of the emperor.
Lapsus calami	Language error or stumbling block committed when writing. Call: pen to write.	Sorry, I made a Calami lapse when I wrote the letter.
Lapsus linguae	Language error or stumbling block committed when talking.	Freud predicted that the apparent verbal errors—lapsus linguae—are not so much and that in most cases unconscious motivations are brought to light.
Lato sensu	Also used sensu lato. It means ‘in broad sense’.	The concept of family Lato sensu includes all those members of a family who are direct or indirect descendants of the same parent, as well as family relationships by affinity.
Leges sine moribus vanae	“The laws, without morality, are vain.	In the Odas Horatio. Lema of the University of Pennsylvania.
Freedoms perfundet omnia luce	"Freedom floods all light."	Lema de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y de la Universidad de Barcelona.
Magnum opus	It means ‘great work’, or masterpiece, refers to the best or most renowned production of an author, artist, or composer.	Don Quixote de la Mancha is the magnum opus of Miguel de Cervantes, as In search of the lost time It's the magnum opus by Marcel Proust.
Malo periculosam libertatem quam stillum servitium	Better freedom with danger, than peace with slavery.	Rousseau, in the Social Contract, attributes this locution to the Duke of Lorraine and father of the king of Poland, Rafael Leczinski.
Manu militari	(by) Military hand, i.e. by the use of force, by weapons, by expeditious methods.
Malo mori quam fœdari	‘You better die than dishonor.’	Divisa de Fernando I de Nápoles, Ana de Brittany and the Order of Naples. Also found in the table Young gentleman in a landscape Vittore Carpaccio (1510).
Mea culpa	‘My fault’.	He emphasizes that guilt falls only in the speaker himself.
Memento mori	‘Remember that you will die.’	Carpe diem, memento mori: take advantage of the day, remember that you will die; the expression I'm sorry. usually used as a reminder especially in obituaries.
Memento qui sis	‘Remember who you are’.	Carpe diem, memento mori, memento qui sis: take advantage of the day, remember that you will die, remember who you are; the expression I'm sorry. usually used as a reminder especially in obituaries.
Missit me Dominus	‘The Lord sends me’.	Frase used by Jesus.
Mirabile dictu	Spoken miracles	Awesome thing to say. Typical expression in the centuryXIX
Modus operandi	Way to act or do things, when this is characteristic and recognizable. In criminals, a criminal's methodology.	Faithful to its modus operandi, the Catholic Church accused the heresy freethinker.
Modus vivendi	1) Lifestyle; 2) Activity through which a person gains life; 3) Peaceful coexistence between parties (Legal definition).	The line modus vivendi of 1810 between the two nations has finally become recognized as a formal border.
Mortui living docent	The dead teach the living.
Mos maiorum	The custom of the ancestors.
Motu proprio	By self-movement, on your own initiative. Although it is usually heard and read “in his own way”, this expression is incorrect.	Our company seeks professionals who, motu proprio, get involved in customer service.
Mutatis mutandis	Changing what needs to be changed. It is used to express that something (a text, a procedure,...) can easily fulfill another function without being subjected to obvious changes.	The Latin Locution Box format will also be used —mutatis mutandis— for the table of English expressions of common use in Spanish.
Mundus world mundis	The world seems clean to the clean.

N - V

Discussion	Gloss	Use and/or example
Nasciturus	‘The One Who Will Be Born’.	Tell the person conceived, but not born.
Natu	Because of birth.
Natura nihil frustra facit	‘Nature does nothing in vain’.	Cf. Aristotle: «ο:θ»ν γάρ, »ς φαμέν, μάτιν » φσσις ποιες» (Policy I 2, 1253a9).
Natura non facit saltus	‘Nature does not proceed by leaps’.	Attributed to Isaac Newton
Nemo auditur propriam turpitudeinem allegans	‘No one can claim his own clumsiness in his favor.’
Ne quid nimis	‘Nothing in excess’.	Behavioral standard of moderation, avoiding exceeding things. Terencio used it in his comedy Andria and Horatio in his Odas.
Nec plus ultra or Non plus ultra	According to the fable, written by Hercules on Mounts Abila and Calpe, today narrow of Gibraltar, supposed limit of the world. It means ‘not beyond’ and is used to designate anything unsurpassed, excellent.	The battleship Numance was non plus ultra of the Spanish warships of his time. Plus Ultra It is the national motto of Spain after the discovery of America, for it denied that there was no "beyond" world of Gibraltar.
Neo nato	‘Received born’.
Neque semper arcum tendit Apollo	‘Apolo does not always tense the bow’.
Nec spe, nec metu	'No hope, no fear.'	Maximum of the stoic Hecaton, adapted by Séneca, which was the favorite motto of Philip II, who had it inscribed on his coat of arms.
Nihil novum sub sole	‘Nothing is new under the sun’.
Nihil obstat	It means ‘nothing obstacle’, or ‘no impediment’. It is a formula that expresses the approval of the Catholic Church in the face of those requests presented to it (e.g. for the formation of a new religious order).
Nolens volens	Or not. I mean, willingly or forcefully.	"The government has decided, Nolens volensraise taxes this year."
Non bis in idem	Do not repeat twice the same.	Term used in Law: the principle non bis in idem means that you cannot judge something that is already judged (also used to gloss the principle of judging). “The judges decided to apply to him the principle of non bis in idem, that is, that no one can be punished twice for the same facts."
Non terræ plus ultra	‘There is no land beyond’.	According to Greek mythology, Hercules raised two columns in the place that is currently called the Strait of Gibraltar with this motto, telling the sailors that that was the end of the world.
Non sufficit orbis	«The world is not enough» or «The world is not enough».	Lema used by Felipe II of Spain after his access to the Portuguese throne.
Oderint dum metuant	"Let them hate me, but let them fear me" or "Let them hate me, as they fear me."	Caligula's favorite, originally attributed to Lucio Accio, a Roman tragic poet (170-c. 90 B.C.).
Omnes violant, last necat	They all hurt, the last one kills.	Locution that the ancient Romans usually wrote in the sun watches and with which, in reference to the hours, they expressed both the effects of the passage of time on the human being and the inexorability of death.
Omnia mors aequat	‘Death equals everything’.
Omnis saturatio, mala; panis autem, pessima.	"Omnis saturatio, mala..." is an ancient proverbial phrase. It quotes with irony in the Quixote a variant of this phrase with the word "perdices" instead of "panis".	To have indigestion, which is for something more tasty than just bread.
Opera prima	‘First work’ of an author.
Opere citato	‘In the book quoted’.	Abbreviously, op. cit. It is used to allude in a note to a work of the same author that has been cited previously.
Ora et labora	‘Pray and work’.	Maximum of the Rule of St. Benedict.
Ora pro nobis	‘Pray for us’.
Pari passu	'With the same step'.	What is sometimes translated as “equal conditions”, “at the same level”, “with equal strength”, or “moving together” and by extension, “equally”, “in an impartial way and without preferences”.
Passim	‘Everywhere’, ‘Here and There’, ‘Everywhere’	In the annotations of printed, mechanized and manuscripts, it means "all over", "here and there", "on one and the other", "in different places".
Per se	‘By itself, by its own nature’.	The altarpiece justifies per se visit to the cathedral.
Per me regnant	‘For me kings reign.’
Post mortem	‘After death’.	Studies post mortem help determine the cause of death.
Plus ultra	Divisa de España, contrapuesta a Non plus ultra. It means ‘beyond’.	Used by Spain as a national currency after the discovery of America.
Primum vivere deinde philosophari	‘First live, then philosophize’.	The first is the essential, survival; then ideal, philosophy. The first is the first thing: “I dedicated myself to winning the chickpeas and tied up poetry, since primum vivare, deinde philosophari».
Provehito in altum	Go deep, promote deep, reach the summit.	Lema of the Memorial University of Newfoundland (Memorial University of Newfoundland) in Canada.
Quandoque bonus dormitat Homerus	# From time to time even the great Homer is wrong.	Used to apologise errors of normally good people.
Qui tam	‘'Qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in haec parte sequitur.	Whoever presents the action to the king also presents it for his own cause.
Quid	The main thing about a problem or business.	The quid of the constitutional monarchy is not whether it is modern or not, but if necessary.
Quidam	1) ‘someone’, a person of little importance; 2) an undetermined person.	My daughter, don't marry a quidam.
Quid pro quo	‘One thing for another’, Latin expression that refers to confusion, consisting of taking something for something else that is not. Ironically, with this phrase is made precisely a quid pro quo, since it is usually believed to mean giving something in return, used normally in negotiations (expression that is actually Do ut desI mean, 'doy for you to give').	«The prince and the beggar by Mark Twain is a story of confusion, where both characters pretend to be the other, causing one quid pro quo in the narrative».
Quod tibi fieri non vis, alteri ne feceris	Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you.	Maximum of Emperor Alexander Severo, used by Hobbes.
Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra?	‘How long, Catilina, will you abuse our patience?’, the full sentence is usually shortened as What tandem?! ‘How long?’	The famous phrase in the classical oratory, pronounced by Cicero and directed to Senator Catilina in precisely its Catilinary.
Ratio decidesndi	‘ Reason to decide’.
Ratio legis	‘Right of the law’, purpose or purpose of the law.
Re, non verbis	Actually, not a word.
Rem tene, verba sequentur	‘Concentrate on the subject, the words will come alone.’	Council of Cato to speak in public.
Roma locuta, finite cause	‘Once Rome spoke, the discussion is over.’	This phrase is attributed to Agustín de Hipona after the Roman papacy ruled a theological dispute. It is currently used in an ironic sense in the face of unrepelable claims.
Sapere aude	‘Revere yourself to know’.	Frase de Horacio (Ep. II), which became the motto of the Enlightenment.
If you see peace, to bellum	‘If you want peace, prepare war’.	While the phrase to Julius Caesar was wrongly attributed, it was actually written by the Roman writer of Vegecio military issues.
Sic transits mundi glory	‘This is how the glory of the world passes.’	Ironía ante lo perecedero de los éxitos.
Silent enim leges inter arma	‘The laws remain silent when the weapons speak.’
Sine die	‘No day’: indefinitely in time. Without setting a specific deadline.	The board meeting has been postponed sine die.
Sine qua non	‘Without which not’. No way.	«The study is a condition sine qua non to approve."
Siste viator	Stop, traveler.	Request the walkers to stop to pray before the Roman tombs located on the edges of the roads.
Statu quo	Current state of things. It is often used to refer to this state when it wants to emphasize that it is tacitly observed. Although their use is widespread.	The status quo of the border does not satisfy our claims of iure of the adjacent territories.
Strict sensu	‘In the strict sense’ [of the word].	In this book we will use the word isotope so much stricto sensu as in the extended sense of the word.
Sui generis	Literally: ‘of its own kind’. 1) Which is characteristic of one thing or its kind; 2) strange, unusual.	The chlorine has a spicy smell sui generis.
Sutor, ne ultra crepidam	‘Zapatero, not beyond the shoe’	Warning about thinking about what you have no knowledge of.
Terra incognita	‘Unknown land’.
Totum revolutum	‘All rolled’.
Your quoque	‘You too’. Referred to an argument that is rejected, not by the inconsistency of his reasoning, but by that of the person who proposes it.
Uobis/Vobis	‘A vos’, ‘to you’.	In Carolingian writing usually abbreviates with letters u, or and b with his astil cut by a stripe.
Ut supra	‘As above’, at the top. It is used to refer to words or comments previously expressed in the text, both in footnotes and in the main body of the writing.	Like we were. ut above.
Uti possidetis, ita possideatis	Literally: whoever possesses in fact must possess law.	The Madrid Treaty (1750) stipulated, on the basis of the uti possidetis ite possideatis the establishment of clear limits for the domains of Spain and Portugal in South America.
Veni, vidi, vici	Literally, 'I came, I saw, I came.'	Latin locución employed by the general and Roman consul Julio César in 47 B.C., when he addressed the Roman Senate, describing his recent victory over Farnaces II of the Ponto in the battle of Zela.
Verba volant, scripta manent	‘The words fly, the writings remain.’
Veritas liberabit us	‘The truth will make us free’.	Lema de la Universidad Iberoamericana Campus: Mexico City, León Puebla, Tijuana and Torreón.
Veritas temporis filia	‘The truth is the daughter of time’.	Lema of the shield of Mary I of England, married to Philip II of Spain.
Veritatis a facies est	‘The face of truth is unique’.	Adapted from a Seneca text, it indicates that the truth is unique, without different versions.
Versus	‘Up’ or ‘against’.	Mexico versus France. El Barça vs. Real Madrid.
Vice versa	Literally, 'In reverse'.	It's easy to confuse a teacher with a student, or vice versa. Economists analyze how price rise affects demand, and vice versa.
Vox populi, vox Dei	‘The voice of the people is the voice of God’.	Paragraph 9 Epistolæ166 of Alcuino York (735-804); the full sentence reads:Nec audiendi qui solent dicere, Vox populi, vox Dei, quum tumultuositas vulgi semper insaniae proxima sit».

Abbreviations and acronyms

Discussion	Gloss
A.E.I.O.U.	Abbreviations of expression Austriæ est imperare orbi universum (‘It is up to Austria to rule the world’), a currency of the Austrian branch of the Habsburg House.
I.N.R.I.	Abbreviations of expression Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum (‘Jesus of Nazareth, king of the Jews’), this inscription was on the cross of Jesus Christ according to the New Testament.
N.N.	Abbreviations of expression Nomen nescio (‘I know the name’) is the denomination used to refer to an unidentified or undetermined person, either to qualify a person not known the name, or to put a hypothetical example.
Q.E.D.	Abbreviations of expression Quod erat demonstrandum (‘what you wanted to prove’), used at the end of the demonstrations or mathematical tests to point out that the result required for the test has been achieved.
S.P.Q.R.	Acronym of expression Senatus Populusque Romanus (‘The Senate and the Roman people’), quite common as a currency in emblems and banners of ancient Rome.
S.T.T.L.	Abbreviations of expression Sit Tibi Terra Levis (‘Let the earth be mild to you’). It appears in Roman epitaphs.
R.I.P.	Abbreviations of Requiescat in peaceliterally ‘Love in peace’. It is commonly used to head epitaphs. Match the English equivalent Rest in peace.
I. e.	Abbreviations of Id estliterally ‘this is’. It is commonly used to identify examples or conclusions.
e. g.	Abbreviations of exempli gratia, is the equivalent of the Spanish phrase "for example" (and can be pronounced this way), which some prefer to use. Literally means ‘given as an example’. Match with the abbreviation in English example given.
etc.	Abbreviations of et cetera 'and the other [things].'

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