Annex: Computer jargon

Streets with computer terms, in the Technological Science Park of the University of Alcalá.

The language of computing is characterized by the use of numerous Anglicisms, since English has become the lingua franca of computing.

The use of some words differs in Spain and Latin America.

A

• Abandonware: Software that is no longer marketed or distributed for having ceased the commercial interest in doing so; it is then impossible to obtain it legally.
• ActiveX: Component technology created for Microsoft, used to create controls that can be used either in applications or to create websites with greater interactivity.
• Direct access: In Microsoft's operating systems is an icon that allows you to more easily open a certain program or file. It has a role similar to the symbolic links of Unix systems, but with the difference that it is only recognized by the visual interface (the "shell").
• Acrobat Reader: Program Adobe which allows you to view PDF documents.
• Attached: This is called a data file (e.g. a computing template or a text processor letter) sent along with an email message.
• Officer (agent): Small "intelligent" program created to perform certain tasks, facilitating the operator of the user. A well-known example of agent are the Assistants (wizards) that exist in most modern software.
• Add-on: Set of utilities to add to a software and thus give it better functionality or expand your capabilities to perform your task.
• Address: It translates by direction. You can refer to a memory address, a device address, an IP address or an email address among others.
• ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. Technology to transmit digital information to high bandwidths. Unlike service dial upADSL provides a permanent and high speed connection. This technology uses most of the channel to send information to the user, and only a small part to receive information from the user.
• AGP: Accelerator of graphics. It allows to send the images faster from the memory of the computer to that of the graphics card, which is the one that generates the video signal that comes out for the monitor.
• Algorithm: Set of well-defined rules for solving a problem. A software program is the transcription, in programming language, of one or more algorithms.
• Website accommodation (hosting): Service offered by some suppliers, which provide their customers (individuals or companies) a space on their server to host a website.
• Bandwidth (bandwidth): Technical term that determines the volume of information that can circulate through a physical means of data communication, that is, the capacity of a connection. Increased bandwidth, improved access speed and greater traffic.
• ANSI (American National Standards Institute, American Standards Institute): Organization that develops and approves United States standards. He participated in the creation of much of the rules currently in use on the Internet.
• Antivirus: program that seeks and eventually eliminates computer viruses that may have "infected" a hard drive or floppy disk.
• Application: Term describing a software which is usually applied to end-user programs.
• Apple: Company responsible for the creation of Macintosh, iPod, among others.
• Applet (programme): Miniprogram, usually written in Java programming language, although it doesn't have to be so, it can be integrated into a website so that the user who visit can interact with it.
• Archie: Tool that allows you to locate files on the Internet network created by Montreal McGill University. A Archie server (there are several distributed throughout the Internet) maintains a database that records the location of several thousand files.
• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, Protocol to Resolution of Addresses): A protocol to resolve electronic addresses in IP numbers that runs on local networks. Part of the package of TCP/IP protocols.
• ARPANET (ARPANET)Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork, Network of the Agency for Advanced Research Projects: A pioneer network of computers, founded by DARPA, a research agency of the U.S. government. It was the fundamental basis in the 1960s for the development of what would then become the Internet network.
• Arroba (@): In the email addresses, it is the symbol that separates the user name from the name of your email provider.
• Tree (tree): Data structure composed of nodes in which all of them are connected to each other and in which there are no "cycles".
• Format ARC: Compression format created by Systems Enhancement Associates.
• ASCII (ASCII)American Standard Code for Information Interchange, Standard American Code for the Exchange of Information: Set of 128 characters, letters and symbols used mainly in Anglo-Saxon and formerly Western computer systems in general. It only defines the letters used in the English language and allows a common base of communication. Today it was replaced by other codes which, although included, also include accentuated and special letters of each language.
• ATM (Asynchronus Transfer Mode): ATM is a high-speed switching and multiplexing technology used to transmit different types of traffic simultaneously, including voice, video and data.
• Certification Authority (certification authority)Certificate Authority): Agent (businesses or internal addresses in companies) who play the role of "virtual writer". They are responsible for ensuring the identity of individuals and companies participating in the Network through the issuance of certificates.
• Avatar (human figure of a god in Hindu mythology): Fictitious identity, a physical representation (face and body) of a person connected in the virtual world of the Internet. Many people build their digital personality that they then use in servers (e.g. Forums) to play or chat.
• AVI: Simple audio and video container to which you can enter videos in most existing codecs. It is also used for decompressed video.

B

• Backup: Typically used term in computer science. It refers to creating a backup of data hosted in a given medium. It is done to prevent possible loss of information. Data stored in the backup serve to return to an earlier state of information in case of a disaster.
• Inbox: Inbox for e-mail.
• Database: Organised dataset so that it is easy to access, manage and update them.
• Backbone: High-speed connection that connects large volumes of information to computers in charge of circulating. Them backbones connect cities, or countries, and constitute the fundamental structure of communication networks. Used to interconnect networks with each other using different types of technologies.
• Backdoor (or rag, back door or trap door): Hidden section of a computer program, which is only put into operation if very particular conditions or circumstances are given in the program.
• Background: Background or background.
• Banner: Advertising notice that occupies part of a website, generally located at the top of the center. Making a click about it, the navigator can reach the advertiser's site.
• BBS (Bulletin Board System, Messaging System also misnamed database: It is a computerized data-sharing system between a group of people who share the same geographical area where files, messages and other useful information can be exchanged between different users.
• Bcc: carbon copy. Function that allows you to send an email message to more than one recipient. Unlike the cc function, the name of the recipients does not appear in the header.
• Benchmark: program specially designed to evaluate the performance of a system, software or hardware.
• Beta test: in the software development process, it is the second phase of verification or testing, prior to product launch.
• BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): Basic data entry/output system. Set of procedures that controls the flow of data between the operating system and devices such as the hard drive, video plate, keyboard, mouse and printer.
• Bit: abbreviation binary digit (binary digit). The bit is not the smallest storage unit in a binary system within a computer, but the byte and a byte is composed of 8 bits.
• Binhex: A standard for data encoding under Macintosh platform, used to send attachments. Similar to the MIME and Uuencode.
• Bluetooth (Blue): Wireless interconnection system between different electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, headphones, etc. It allows data transfer between devices that support it. It is a standard that was created by computer and telecommunications organizations. It is called blue tooth because the first bluetooth adapters had blue leds.
• Bookmark (marker or favorite): The menu section of a browser where you can store the preferred sites, then return to them simply by choosing them with a simple click from a menu.
• Boot: load the operating system of a computer.
• Bot: robot apocope, also refers to computer programs that automate routine tasks.
• Bottleneck (bottle neck): Bottleneck (information) data packages that circulate through a connection causing delays in communication.
• Bps: Bits per second.
• Bridge: Device used to connect two networks and make them work as if they were one. They are typically used to divide a network into smaller networks, to increase performance.
• Browser/Web browser (navegador or viewer): Program that allows you to read documents on the Web and follow links (links) of document in document of Hypertext. Browsers "order" files (pages and others) to Web servers according to the user's choice and then show the result on the monitor.
• Buffer: memory area used to store data temporarily during a working session.
• Bug: bug, bug. Programming error that generates problems in a computer's operations.
• Bus: Common link; common driver; interconnection path. Interconnection method of devices using a single shared line. In a topology of Bus every node is connected to a common cable. No need for a Hub in a network with bus topology.
• Serial Bus: one-bit transmission method at a time over a single line.
• Boolean (boolean): Symbolic logic used to express the relationship between mathematical terms. Its logical basis can be extended to analyze the relationship between words and phrases. The two most common symbols are AND (y) and OR (o).
• Searcher (Search Engine, search engine): Tool that allows to locate content on the Network, looking in form Booleana through keywords. They are organized in search engines by word or indices (such as Lycos, Infoseek or Googleand thematic or Directories (like) Yahoo! ).
• Byte: Information unit used by computers. Each byte is composed of eight bits.

C

• Coaxial Cable: This is a copper cable surrounded by insulation, a secondary conductor that acts as a "ground" and an external plastic cover. Thanks to these two layers of armor the coaxial is relatively immune to electrical interference.
• Cable: Drive connecting devices to each other. The type of cable to use depends on the type of peripheral or network and the topology of it.
• Cablemodem: modem that connects a computer with high-speed Internet via a cable TV line.
• Disk Cache: small portion of RAM that stores recently read data, thereby speeding up future access to the same data.
• Cache: In a browser, the cache keeps copies of frequently-accessed documents, so they will appear more quickly in the future.
• CAD: Computer Aided Design: Computer assisted design. Software that allows to create precision, two-dimensional and three-dimensional drawings. They use it mainly architects and engineers.
• Character: number, letter or symbol on the computer. According to the encoding used you will occupy one (e.g. in the case of ASCII or ISO-8859-1) or more bytes (e.g. up to 4 if Unicode is used).
• CD-ROM: Compact Disk - Read Only Memory. Compact read-only disk. It has a storage capacity from 650 to 700 or 800 megabytes, much higher than a floppy disk.
• Celeron: Intel family microprocessor, economic version of Pentium with little internal cache memory.
• Chat: chat. Internet service that allows two or more users to talk online through the keyboard.
• Chip: "microchip" abbreviation. Very small circuit, made up of billions of transistors integrated into a silicon pole.
• Figure: protecting files by expressing their content in an encrypted language. Simple encrypted languages consist, for example, in replacing letters by numbers.
• Click: action performed with a peripheral called mouse in some virtual monitor object
• Clipboard: clipboards.
• Cluster: group; cluster; grouping. In computer technology, a cluster is the storage unit on the hard drive. A file is composed of several clusters, which can be stored in various places of the disk.
• Clock: Component of processors that generates a signal whose frequency is used to frame the operation of the processor. At greater frequency greater speed.
• CMS: Content Management System. Content manager, usually in web environments.
• Command (command): instruction that a user gives to the computer's operating system to perform a certain task.
• Cookie: small text file that a website places on the rigid disk of a computer that visits it. At the same time, collect information about the user. Speed up navigation on the site. Its use is controversial, because it puts users' privacy at risk.
• Copy coal or carbon copy. It is used to refer to recipients of an email that has been sent to several recipients. It is also used in the world of video games ara refer to games that imitate partial or totally another.
• CPU: Central Processing Unit. Central processing unit. It is the processor that contains the logical circuits that perform the computer instructions.
• Cracker: The person who penetrates other systems without authorization. Under no point of view must be confused with the true Hackers.
• CRM: Customer Relationship Management. Relational Marketing development tools.
• CRT: Cathode Ray Tube. Cathodic beam tube from a monitor, present in most desktop computers.
• C: High-level application programming language.
• C++: Update of C language, designed for application object-oriented programming.

D

• Database: Database
• Data entry: data entry. Process of entering data to a computer for processing.
• Data: Data. Sometimes he opposes him. information, being the latter resulting from processing and analyzing data.
• Debugging: depuration, error correction or bugs.
• Device: Device or apparatus, also called unit.
• Diodo: electronic component that allows the passage of the electric current in one sense.
• Directory: group of related files that are saved under a name. Also known as folders since the translation into Spanish of Windows adopted this last form.
• Hard disk: swivel storage support in the form of a circular plate coated by a magnetic film. The data are recorded on concentric tracks in the film.
• DOS (Disk Operating System): Operating system on disk.
• Download: download, download. Transfer of information from the Internet to a computer.
• driver: (Controller) Files distributed by the manufacturer a physical or logical device for correct operation.
• DSL (Digital Subscription Line): Technology that allows you to send lots of information at high speed through telephone lines.
• DMA: Channel that allows certain types of data transfer between RAM and a device without the processor's intervention.
• DVD (Disco Versátil Digital): Disc that has great storage capacity and also serves to store movies. Optical storage format and support that can be used to save data, including movies with high audio and video quality.
• Dynamic HTML: HTML variant (Hyper TextMark-up Language) that allows to create more animated web pages.

E

• Ethernet: Ethernet was developed in PARC with the participation of Robert Metcalfe founder 3Com, it is a set of standards for network infrastructure. In addition to defining physical media and Ethernet connections define how data is transmitted.
• E-mail: e-mail.
• Emulation: process of compatibility between computers using software.
• Extension: Sufijo added to the name of a computer file applied to show its format.
• Extranet: part of an access intranet available to customers and other users outside the company.
• Ensamblador: Mother Language, constitutes the most direct representation of the specific machine code for each computer architecture readable by a programmer.

F

• Fast Ethernet: A new Ethernet standard that provides speed of 100 Mb per second (unlike 10 Mb per second of networks Ethernet Conventional).
• FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface): Data interface distributed by optical fiber. It is a network of 100 Mb per second in star topology or ring widely used in backbonestoday displaced by new technologies like ATM.
• Firewall (fire wall): software special that a computer (or computer) runs to prevent access of unauthorized users to the network. All traffic of the network and the Internet passes first through firewall.
• or Frequently-asked questions: are the most common questions (and their answers) about the main topic of a website.
• Optical fiber: Technology to transmit information as luminous pulses through a fiberglass duct. The optical fiber carries much more information than the conventional copper cable. Most of the long distance lines of the phone companies use optical fiber.
• FIFOFirst In First Out): Process time planning policy in which the first process entering is the first to be implemented.
• Flash: USB memory (in English USB flash drive), also called USB keychain or Pendrive (Universal Serial Bus).
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol): File Transfer Protocol. It serves to send and receive files from the Internet.

G

• Gateway: Device used to connect different types of operating environments. Typically used to connect LAN networks to mini-computers or mainframes.
• GIF animated: GIF format variant. It is used in the WWW to give movement to icons and banners.
• GIF: Graphic Interchange Format. Very used graphic format in the WWW. It retains image quality but only stores 256 colors, unlike more professional formats such as PNG or Jpeg.
• Giga: Prefix of the International Unit System that indicates a multiple of 1000 million, or 10⁹. However, traditionally, in computer, it is used to mean a multiple of 2³⁰or 1,073,741,824.
• Gigabit: Approximately 1000 million bits (exactly 1,073,741,824 bits)
• Gigabyte (GB): unit measuring a memory. 1 gigabyte = 1024 megabytes = 1,073,741,824 bytes.
• GNU GPL:Gnu is Not Unix General Public License. Free software license issued by FSF (Fundación para el Software Libre).
• GNU/Linux: free operating system that uses the Linux kernel together with system applications created by the GNU project. This operating system is commonly called simply Linux.
• Gusano: program that copys itself to occupy all memory. It is a virus that usually arrives through email, in the form of attachment.

H

• Hacker: Person with great knowledge of computer systems.
• Handheld: Small enough computer to be held in the hand or stored in a pocket. In some you can enter data with manual writing. Others bring in small keyboards.
• Hardcoded: Referring to variables or data that have been introduced directly into the program source code, which complicates its modification.
• Hard disk: see hard drive.
• Hardware: all the physical components of the computer and its peripherals.
• Hertz: hercio. Frequency unit. Equivalent to a cycle per second. In computing it is used to give an idea of the speed of the processor, indicating the frequency of its clock clock clock clock (see).
• Hypertext: texts linked to each other. Doing click with the mouse the user passes from one text to another, linked to the previous one.
• Hyperlink: link.
• Hologram: Three-dimensional image created by photographic projection.
• Hosting: see web hosting.
• Housing: Accommodation service. It basically consists of selling or renting a physical space from a data center so that the client places his own computer there. The company gives you the current and internet connection, but the server computer completely chooses the user (up to the hardware).
• HTML: Hyper Text Mark-up Language. Brand language to assemble or design web pages.
• HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Hypertext transfer protocol. It is a protocol that allows you to transfer information in text files, graphics, video, audio and other multimedia resources.
• Homepage: The first page or the main page of a website. An example is Wikipedia:Portada.
• Hub: Concentrator. Device that is typically used in star topology as a central point of a network, where therefore all the links of the different devices in the network converge.

I

• Internet: The Internet is generally defined as the global network. Networks that are part of this network can communicate with each other through a protocol called TCP/IP (TCP/IP)Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol). It was conceived in the late 1960s by the U.S. Department of Defense; more precisely, by ARPA. It was called ARPANET first and was designed to perform research functions. Its use was popularized from the creation of the WWW. It is currently a public space used by millions of people around the world as a communication and information tool.
• Intranet: The Intranets are corporate networks that use Internet protocols and tools. Its appearance is similar to that of the Internet pages. If this network is in turn connected to the Internet, it is usually protected by firewalls.
• ICQ (/'I Seek You//): Program that lets friends and contacts know that one is online. Allows to send messages and files, make //chat//, set voice and video connections, etc.
• IDE (Integrated Device Electronics) [Integrated Device Electronics]: Interface for mass storage devices in which the controller is integrated into the hard drive or CD drive
• IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: important association of technicians and professionals, based in the United States. It was founded in 1884 and in 1998 it had approximately 320,000 members in 147 countries. It favours research in diverse fields, such as aerospace technology, computing, communications and biomedical technology. It promotes standardization of standards.
• Ink jet printer: a printer that works by spraying the ink on paper.
• Points Matrix Printer, or Matricial: Printer that works through a head that presses a tape on the paper.
• Laser printer: high-resolution and fast printer that uses laser beam technology. When lightning touches the paper, it forms an electrostatic image that attracts dry ink.
• Printer: peripheral device that reproduces texts and images on paper. The main types are: dot matrix, ink jet and laser.
• Artificial intelligence: simulation of human intelligence processes, through computer systems.
• Interface: Transition or connection element that facilitates data exchange. The keyboard, for example, is an interface between the user and the computer.
• IP (Internet Protocol): Internet protocol.
• IrDA (Infrared Data Association): Organization founded to create international standards for hardware and software used in infrared communication links. Infrared beam technology plays an important role in wireless communications.
• ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network: system for digital phone transmission. With an ISDN line and an ISDN adapter it is possible to navigate the Web at a speed of 128 Kbps, provided the ISP also has ISDN.
• ISO: International Organization for Standardization. Founded in 1946, it is an international federation that unifies norms in a hundred countries. One is the OSI standard, a universal reference model for communication protocols.
• ISP: Internet service provider.
• Input (data entry): It refers to the information received or the process of receiving information. It is the information produced by the user in order to control the program of a computer. The user interface determines which input types the program accepts (e.g. written text, mouse clicks, etc.). The input can also come from networks and storage devices.

J

• Jedibot
• Marco Test: Game created by Marquitobust Related Questions

K

• kernel: kernel or essential part of an operating system. Provides the basic services of the rest of the system.
• keyword: keyword for any search.
• kilobit: (Kb)1.024 bits.
• kilobyte (KB): unit measuring a memory. l kilobyte = 1024 bytes.

L

• LAN: Local Area Network o Local area network: This is a geographically limited data communication network, for example, a company; it covers up to 1km away.
• LAN Manager: network operating system.
• Laptop: portable computer of the approximate size of a portfolio.
• Latency: the necessary time for an information package to travel from the source to your destination. The latency and bandwidth, together, define the capacity and speed of a network.
• LCD: Liquid Crystal Display. Liquid glass screen, usually used in the notebooks and other small computers.
• Programming language: writing system for accurate description of algorithms or software.
• LEXICO: Introductory to Computing with Objects using Spanish or other languages. It is useful to test algorithms and learn to develop computer programs.
• Link: link. Featured image or text, by underlined or colour, which leads to another sector of the document or to another website.
• Linux: A kernel (kernel) of an operating system similar to Unix, although it is usually called with that name to the operating system that uses that kernel.
• LISP (LISt Processing): Specific language of artificial intelligence. The original version, Lisp 1, was invented by John McCarthy at MIT in the late 1950s.
• LPT: Line Print Terminal. Connection between a personal computer and a printer or other device. It is a parallel port and is faster than a serial port.

M

• Macintosh: Family of computers made by Apple.
• Malware: comes from Malicious Software (Software Malicious). malware is considered to any program, file, etc. that may be harmful to the computer affecting your data or performance. Among the most common are worms, dialers, spy programs and even spams.
• Macrovirus: is a very widespread virus, which mainly affects Microsoft Word documents. It's more annoying than destructive. It makes, for example, that the program ignores the commands or enters words or phrases that the user has not written.
• Mainframe: main structure. Multi-user-size computer, used in companies.
• Majordomo: small program that automatically distributes email messages to subscribers to a mailing list.
• Megabit: About 1 million bits (1.048.576 bits).
• Megabyte (MB): unit measuring a memory. 1 megabyte = 1024 kilobytes = 1,048,576 bytes.
• Megahertz (MHz): A million hertz or hertz.
• Cache Memory: small amount of high-speed memory that increases computer performance by temporarily storing data.
• Flash memory: type of memory that can be erased and rescheduled in memory units called "blocks" using electricity. Its name is because the microchip allows you to erase memory fragments in one action, or "flash". It is used on cell phones, digital cameras and other devices.
• Microprocessor (microprocessor): is the most important chip on a computer. It belongs to the central process unit of the machine and among its main sections is the logical arithmetic unit. It is the one responsible for running the programs stored in RAM Your frequency is measured in Hz, using Gigas of these for the current machines.
• Middleware ("Medium Software"): Software that assists an application to interact or communicate with other applications, software, networks, hardware and/or operating systems.
• Middleware RFID
• A thousandth of a second.
• MIPS: Millions Instructions Per Second, Millions of operations per second, scale to measure the performance of a program.
• Mirror site: mirror site. Website copied to another server for the purpose of facilitating access to its contents from the nearest or most convenient place for the user.
• MIT: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prestigious American institution based in Boston. Many consider it the best technical university in the world.
• MMX (MultiMedia eXtension): Microprocessor Instruction set (and designation of the Pentium processor in which Intel initially introduced it) designed to give greater speed to multimedia applications.
• Modem: modulator-demodulator. Peripheral device that connects the computer to the phone line.
• Motherboard: Plaque containing the basic printed circuits of the computer, CPU, RAM and slots in which you can insert other plates (network, audio, etc.).
• MPEG: the Moving Pictures Expert Group develops standards for digital video and audio compression. It has the auspicious ISO. MPEG1 and MPEG2.
• Multifunction: Peripheral input device - output, which in its most basic form fulfills the function of scanner and printer. Some more modern multifunctions usually include photocopier, fax and also memory card reader, usually SD.

N

• Network: (red) A computer network is a data communication system that connects between itself computer systems located in different places. It may be composed of different combinations of different types of networks.
• Network Interface Card: Adapter cards located within computers that specify the type of network to use (Ethernet, FDDI, ATM) and that through them are the connection between the computer and the network. I mean, network wires are connected to the computer.
• Network Operating System: An operating system that includes programs to communicate with other computers through a network and share resources. (Node: A network device, usually a computer or printer).
• Nanosegundo: a billionth of a second. It is a common measure of the time of access to RAM.
• Navigator: program to visit the World Wide Web. Some of the best known are Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Edge, Opera, Safari, Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome.
• CDMA Standard: Code didivison Multiple Access: Multiple Code Division Access. Data transmission standard via wireless phones.
• CDPD Standard: Cellular Digital Packet Data: Digital Cell Data Package. Technology that allows you to transmit data and enter the Internet through current cellular networks.
• GSM Standard: Global System for Mobile Communications: Global System for Mobile Communications. Very used digital phone system in Europe.
• Standard TDMA: Time division Multiple Access: Multiple Time Division Access. Data transmission standard via wireless phones.

OR

• Online: online, connected. Status of a computer when connected directly to the network through a device, for example, a modem.
• OSI (Open Systems Interconnection): Universal standard for communication protocols.
• Output (data output): It refers to the information that the user perceives as issued by a computer system. It can also be used as a reference to the reporting process. It is the information produced by the computer usually as a response to an input provided by the user, as a stimulus/response, or input/process/output.
• Overclock: Procedure that is done to increase CPU clock frequency, increasing machine speed.

P

• Braided Pair: Cable similar to standard phone pairs, which consists of two isolated cables "trained" each other and encapsulated in plastic. The isolated pairs come in two forms: covered and discovered.
• Website: Each of the pages that make up a WWW site. A website brings together a set of related pages. The home page is called "home page".
• Package (packet): The part of a message transmitted by a network. Before being sent over the Internet, the information is divided into packages.
• Password: Password, key.
• PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. Memory expansion cards that increase storage capacity.
• PDF: Portable Document Format. File format that captures a printed document and reproduces it in its original appearance. PDF files are created with the Acrobat program.
• Performance: Performance, performance.
• Peripheral: All device that connects to the computer. For example: keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer, scanner, etc.
• PHP: Programming language used in web development.
• Phreaker: Person with great knowledge about telephone systems.
• Pixel: combination of "picture" and "element". Minimum graphic element with which the images are composed on the screen of a computer.
• Accelerating plasma of graphics: circuit that is added to a computer to improve the graphic resources and give them more speed.
• Accelerator plate: Circuit that is added to a computer to increase its speed.
• Sound Plate: The plate that provides sound to a computer. One of the best known is Sound Blaster.
• Ethernet plate: Plaque that is inserted into a computer to connect it in network with others via a cable.
• Plate: Card inserted into a slot of the motherboard to expand the capacity of a computer.
• Player: Program that allows you to listen to sound files.
• Plug " play "It means "plug and use." Immediate recognition of a device by the computer, without user instructions.
• Plug-in: Program that can be installed and used as part of the browser. An example is Macromedia's Shockwave, which allows to play sounds and animations.
• PoP: Point of Presence. Internet access point.
• POP3: It is a standard protocol to access an email box.
• Portal: website that serves as a starting point for surfing the Internet. Portals offer a wide range of services: list of websites, news, email, weather information, chat, newgroups (discussion groups) and electronic commerce. In many cases the user can customize the portal presentation. Some of the best known are Altavista, Yahoo!, Netscape and Microsoft.
• PostScript: It is a Page Description Language (in English PDL, Page Description Language), used in many printers and as graphic file transport format in professional printing workshops.
• Pretty Good Privacy: Program used to encrypt and decipher email, in order to protect privacy, by combining public and private keys. It can also be used for other files.
• Processor (processor): Set of logical circuits that processes the basic instructions of a computer.
• Protocol: A set of formal rules describing how data is transferred, especially through the network, for communication between two peer entities. Informally: language that uses, for example, two computers to communicate at a certain level. The lowest-level protocols define the electrical and physical standards to be observed. Typical examples of communications protocols: PPP, IP, TCP, UDP, HTTP, FTP
• Internet Service Provider: company that offers an Internet connection, e-mails and other related services, such as construction and hosting of web pages. ISP.
• IrDA infrared port: Wireless communication port using the standard Irda.
• Parallel port: Connection through which data is sent through various channels. A computer usually has a parallel port called LPT1.
• Serial port: Connection through which data is sent through a single channel. For example, the mouse connects to a serial port. Computers have two serial ports: COM1 and COM2.
• Puerto: On a computer is the specific place of connection with another device, usually through a plug. It can be a serial port or a parallel port.
• Port TCP/UDP: Number of 16 bits used as a logical identifier (with IP) of an end of a TCP or UDP connection.

Q

• Query: From English, query made against a database. It is used to obtain data, modify them or delete them.

R

• RAR: File compression format.
• Repeater: A device that intensifies network signals. Repeaters are used when the total length of the network cables is longer than the maximum allowed by the cable type. Not in all cases can be used.
• RAM: Random Access Memory: Memory of random access. Memory where the computer stores data that allows the processor to quickly access the operating system, applications and data in use. It has close relationship to computer speed. It's measured in megabytes.
• Rebutar: Process to reload the operating system of a computer that has "matched".
• Voice recognition: ability of a program to interpret words issued out loud or execute a verbal command.
• Network: in information technology, a network is a set of two or more interconnected computers.
• Resolution: is the number of pixels seen on a screen. Two examples: 800x600 and 640x480 ppp (points per pixel). In a printer, the resolution is the quality of the image reproduced and measured in dpi or ppp.
• RFID
• Ripear: procedure to transform the music format of a CD (only audio) to convert it into format that can be processed by music programs on the computer, and especially convert it from trak a MP3; in this process are controlled the breezes that the CD can give (jittering) and therefore the quality of the music obtained with the conversion. It is also used to make counterfeit applications, programs or games less occupied.
• ROM: Read Only Memory: Reading-only memory. Built-in memory containing data that cannot be modified. Allows the computer to boot. Unlike RAM, the ROM memory data is not lost when turning off the computer.
• Router (router or router): system consisting of hardware and software for data transmission on the Internet. The transmitter and the receiver must use the same protocol.// Device that directs the traffic between networks and is able to determine the most efficient paths, ensuring high performance.
• RSS: XML vocabulary that allows you to know the latest updates on a website.

S

• Sata: Serial and faster version of the ATA interface (IDE)
• Server: See Server.
• Star Ring Topology Star Topology: In Star Ring topologies or star, nodes radiate from a Hub. The Hub or concentrator is different depending on the technology used Ethernet, FDDI, etc. The biggest advantage of this topology is that if a node fails, the network continues to work.
• Switch or Bridge: A network device capable of carrying out a series of administration tasks, including data redirecting.
• SDRAM: very fast memory, of great capacity, for servers and workstations.
• Semiconductor: Insulating substances such as germanium and silicon are thus called, which are transformed into drivers by the addition of certain impurities. Semiconductors are extremely important in electronics.
• Serial: method to transmit data sequentially, i.e. bit by bit.
• ScanDisk: Windows program that checks a disk, detects errors and fixes them.
• Service 0610: the one that allows Argentine users to connect with the Internet at a lower cost than the normal rates, by setting prefix 0610 to your provider's phone number.
• Server: central computer of a network system that provides services and programs to other connected computers. System that provides resources (e.g. file servers, name servers). On the Internet this term is used very often to designate those systems that provide information to network users.
• Shareware: software distributed in test quality. After a certain time of use (usually 30 days) the user has the option to buy it.
• Operating system: software that manages resources on a computer.
• SIM (Identity module of suliptions): a SIM card contains a microchip that encrypts data and voice transmissions. SIM cards can be used on phones or laptops.
• Slot: motherboard slot that allows you to expand the capacity of a computer if you insert plates.
• SMS: Short Message Service. Messaging service for cell phones. Allows to send a cell phone a message of up to 160 characters. This service was initially enabled in Europe. There are several websites from which you can send a sms.
• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is a standard protocol to send email.
• SNA: System Network Architecture: network architecture for mainframesdeveloped by IBM.
• Sniffer: program that monitors and analyzes the traffic of a network to detect problems or bottlenecks. Its objective is to maintain data traffic efficiency. But it can also be used illegitimately to capture data on a network.
• Software: general term that designates the various types of programs used in computing.
• Spam: unsolicited email. It is considered unethical as the receiver pays for being connected to the Internet.
• Socket: (sport) electrical connector, socket, plug. A socket is the end point of a connection. Communication method between a client program and a server program in a network.
• SQL: Structured Query Language. Programming language used to recover and update the information contained in a database. It was developed in the 1970s by IBM. It has become an ISO and ANSI standard.
• SSL: Secure Sockets Layer. Protocol designed by the Netscape company to provide encrypted communications on the Internet.
• Submit: Send. Adapting the English verb "Submit" to Spanish. It is usually used in the development of web applications when making "submit", that is, sending data from a form through HTML.

T

• Flat rate: mode of service offered by Internet providers. It consists of paying a fixed figure for accessing the Internet without time limit.
• Network card: Hardware piece to communicate to the computer with other computers.
• Graphic card: Hardware piece that generates the video image we see on the monitor.
• TCP/IP: Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It is the set of TCP and IP protocols used on the Internet.
• Keyboard: Input or device peripheral, partly inspired by the keyboard of the typewriter, which uses a set of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches that send information to the computer
• Token ring (Ring Network): A ring network is a type of LAN with ring-wired nodes. Each node constantly passes a control message (token) the next, so that any node that has a "token" can send a message.
• Topology: The "form" of the network. They predominate three types of technologies: Bus, Star and Ring.
• Transcend Networking: 3Com technologies for the construction of large corporate networks. It consists of three main elements, scalable performance, extendable range and growth management.
• Transistor: Electronic component that marks one before and one after in the history of electronics and computer science. In plain terms it is something like a "regulated electronic faucet".
• Trojan or Trojan horse: malicious computer program that under an unoffensive appearance is executed hidden in the system and allows the remote access of an unauthorized user to the system.
• Tux: Pet penguin of the GNU/Linux operating system.

U

• Unix: multi-user and multi-tasking operating system, was very important in the development of the Internet, currently improved versions of it such as Linux, BSD, Solaris or AIX are still used.
• USB (Universal Serial Bus): is a type interface plug " play " between a computer and certain devices, for example, keyboards, phones, scanners and printers.
• URL A uniform resource locator, more commonly referred to as the URL (a standard resource locator) is a sequence of characters, according to a standard and modable format, used to name resources on the Internet for its location or identification, such as textual documents, images, videos, digital presentations, etc.

V

• Vaporware: it is that software or hardware that comes to be announced, either by a developer or company, but it never gets to be released to the market.
• Virus Class: is a virus that affects Microsoft Office calculus tablets. It's called too. W97M.Class.G. This virus is not trying to hide. Each time you act you take a different look.
• Virus hoax: false alarm about viruses that usually arrive by email.
• Virus: small program that "infects" a computer; can cause undesirable effects and even irreparable damage.
• VRML: Virtual Reality Modeling Language. Programming language designed for the generation of 3D environments on the Internet
• Visual Basic: Visual programming language taken from the old BASIC language, object orientation.

W

• WAN -Wide Area Network): Wide area network: A network usually built with serial lines that extends to distances greater than one kilometer.
• WAP (Wireless Application Protocol): International standard for applications using wireless communication, for example Internet access from a cell phone.
• Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity): Technology for connection to networks and/or internet wirelessly.Free: Wi-Fi network that does not have access key to enter - the opposite is called restricted- Δ ~ Mac: Red wifi that is only allowed access to machines whose Mac address is present on your Wi-Fi card is registered on the server blacklist. An example is ceibal networks.
• Wav: Extension of a sound file, created by Microsoft. It has become an audio format standard for PC. It can also be used on Macintosh and other operating systems.
• webmail: service offered by certain websites to create a free email account. Through the webmail the email is checked with the browser and without the need for any other program.
• Webmaster: Creator of a website
• WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy): Wireless network security protocol.
• Windows: Microsoft operating systems line used on most desktop PCs.
• WinZip: Windows Program that allows you to compress and decompress files.
• WinRar: Windows Program that allows you to compress and decompress files more effectively.
• Workstation: Work station. Name given to powerful desktop PCs, unlike the simple terminals that existed at the beginning of the computer industry.
• World Wide Web (World Wide Web)WWW): It is a method of access to information that consists of the use of open HTML and HTTP standards. It is also called web to the set of servers that offer, through these protocols, public information. It was developed in 1990 by Robert Cailliau and Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (European Council for Nuclear Research). It was the basis for the explosive popularization of the Internet since 1993.
• Worm: Computer virus that has the property of duplicating itself.
• WYSIWYG: Acronym What You See Is What You Get. It is used to describe programs where you see, during production, how you will finally see a job.

X

• X Multiplatform graphical environment designed by the "X Consortium"
• Xfree86 Open-source implementation of the X window system
• Xorg New open-source implementation of the X window system
• XML (eXtensible Markup Language): Extensible marking language, widely used today to syndicate web content and structure data. web pages

AND

• YencK: binary encoding format used in news groups that is replacing the UUenc with the least size of the messages that are obtained. It is supported by most news readers, except for Microsoft Outlook Express.

Z

• Zip drive: removable device for data storage. Originally every zip disk could contain up to 100 MB (megabytes) or the equivalent of 70 floppy disks, the new version of the device, allows to store up to 750 MB.
• Zip: File compression format. Verbalized is generally said: zipwhich would be the action to compress files creating with them a file zip, although it is more acceptable to say: enzipar to that process.