Anahuac (Nuevo León)

Anáhuac (from Nahuatl: Anawak 'Place near the water') is a city of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico, as well as the head of the municipality that bears its name. Its name comes from Nahuatl. It was officially founded in 1933 from territory previously corresponding to the municipality of Lampazos de Naranjo, which now borders the south of Anáhuac.

Geography

The municipality of Anáhuac is located in the north of the state of Nuevo León in the region called the Great Plains of North America. It is the only municipality in New Leon that borders the United States as well as the states of Coahuila and Tamaulipas. It has a territorial area of 4569.6 km².

Location

It is located 200 kilometers from the state capital. It borders to the north with Laredo, Texas, and Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, to the south with Lampazos de Naranjo and Vallecillo Nuevo León; to the east with Guerrero, Tamaulipas, and to the west with Juárez, Coahuila.

Hydrography

The Venustiano Carranza dam, known as Don Martín, which irrigates the municipality, is located in the municipality of Juárez, Coahuila, 65 km away. The Salado River crosses the municipality, its basin extends in the northern part of the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas, where it converges. It is formed by the account with tributaries such as the Camarón stream, Galameses stream. Near its mouth it receives its most important tributary: the Sabinas Hidalgo River.

Climate

The climate is semi-desert, with little rain and extreme temperatures. Humidity is low in all seasons, with winters with temperatures of 2°C or less and summers of 44 to 46°C observed. The highest temperatures during June, July and August and the lowest especially in December and January.

Flora and fauna

The vegetation is typical of semi-desert territories: huisaches, mesquites, ash trees, nopales, cacti, among others; Also some plants such as cilantro, albacar, mint, marjoram, hsiafiate, chamomile, rue; many of which are located in the patios of houses.

Among the fauna we can mainly find white-tailed deer, peccary, lynx, puma, raccoon, coyote, wild boar, etc. Of birds we can find, mourning dove, scaled quail, ducks, geese, among others.

Foundation

Anáhuac was founded on May 5, 1933, within the municipal jurisdiction of Lampazos de Naranjo, as the political head of the National Irrigation System No.04 (SNI) and to build the residences of the system's settlers.

Urbanism

On May 29, 1935, the city was declared the head of the municipality of Anáhuac, integrating as municipal territory, not only that population, but also the communities surrounding the Salado River. In 1978, by decision of the State Government, the then abandoned community of Colombia was annexed to the municipal territory. Since 1992, the municipality of Anáhuac receives federal contributions for the commercial use of the Colombia-Solidaridad international bridge, known as Puente Colombia, which is the only border crossing that exists between Nuevo León and the United States.

It should be noted that the main characteristic of this New York municipality is the radial shape of its main streets. Engineers and technicians from the National Irrigation Commission trained in Parisian universities who chose modernist architectural lines and designs participated in the design and construction of the city.

Economy

The municipality of Anáhuac has various sources of employment and income:

• Agriculture: the land of the municipality remains in two forms: ejidal and private property. The crops are wheat, sorghum, grain and fodder.
• Winning: is cattle bovine, goat, echin, sheep, pork and other deer.

Society

The socioeconomic level of the general population is very low for some people, finding families who live in extreme poverty, since the average salary is the minimum in factories or maquiladoras. The majority of the inhabitants have their own house made of material or wood, with an average of three rooms per house, inhabited by around five people.^{[citation required]}

Among the Anáhuac community, the Catholic religion predominates, coexisting with other types of religious beliefs. The majority of the population has primary, secondary, high school and at the end of this they dedicate themselves to some activity where they receive some income.^{[citation required]}

Illustrious people

• Trinidad Delgado Valero (Nena Delgado) Actress with 45 years of consolidated artistic career.

• Alfredo Piñeyro López. Doctor, you have held different positions at the university level. Rector of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León. (UANL) Author of important scientific papers published in specialized journals.

• Kelly Sanmiguel locutor, actor and director.

• José Luis Morales. Painter and sculptor. His pictorial work has been exhibited both in the country and in the United States of America.

Tourism

The municipality meets the ideal conditions for the practice of hunting tourism, such as sport fishing in the Salinillas lagoon, and the Venustiano Carranza dam has a recreational and leisure area, white-tailed deer hunting is also practiced, the white-winged dove, the wild boar, the quail, the wild cat and the wild pig.

Salinillas Lagoon

All those who love sport fishing, just 45 kilometers from the municipality, can visit the Salinillas lagoon, an ideal place for this practice where you can find species such as bass, carp, mojarra and catfish.

Hunting

Other outstanding activities that can be done here is hunting. Among the species that stand out for their importance are: white-tailed deer, collared peccary, güilota pigeon, quail, coyote.

Venustiano Carranza Dam

Built in order to take advantage of the waters of the Salado River, this dam is located 60 kilometers northeast of the municipality and is currently one of the main tourist centers in the area.

Chronology of municipal presidents

Tomás D. Hinojosa	1940-1941
Rafael García Galán	1941-1942
Serna Chrysophorus	1943-1945
Eugenio García Estrada	1945-1946
José Quintero Rodríguez	1946-1948
Avelino Dávalos	1949-1951
Heleodoro Lozano González	1952-1954
Martín Pérez	1955-1957
Luis Robles Alvarado	1958-1960
Fernando Alejandro Reyes	1961-1963
Manuel Garza Falcón	1964-1966
Francisco P. Lazcano	1967-1969
Martín Pérez	1970-1971
Gonzalo S. Montemayor	1972-1973
José Guadalupe Torres Navarro	1974-1976
Juan E. Maldonado P.	1977-1979
Fortunato Montemayor Lozano	1980-1982
Francisco Z. Urteaga	1983-1984
María del Rosario Tijerina	1984-1985
Fortunato de la Garza Ruvalcaba	1986-1988
People of the Garza	1988-1989
José Antonio García cervantes	1989-1991
Jesús González López	1991-1994
José Antonio García Cervantes	1994-1997
Mauricio Gallegos	1997-2000
Gerardo Montemayor Garza	2000-2003
Mauricio Gallegos	2003-2006
Desiderio Urteaga Ortegon	2006-2009
Santos Javier Garza García	2009-2012
Desiderio Urteaga Ortegón	2012-2015
Juan Manuel Morton González	2015-2018
Desiderio Urteaga Ortegón	2018-2021
Desiderio Urteaga Ortegon	2021-2024

Twinning

The city of Anáhuac is twinned with a city

• Baja California Tijuana (2007)