8th century BC c.

Assyrian king Sargon II with a dignitary.

The 8th century B.C. C. or VIII century century a. and. c. (8th century BC) began on January 1, 800 BC. C. and ended on December 31, 701 BC. c.

Characteristics of the 8th century BC. c

The 8th century BC was a period of great changes in civilizations.

In Egypt it corresponds to the XXII, XXIII, XXIV and XXV dynasties whose sovereigns (except those of the XXIV) were of foreign origin; Libyan (XXII and XIII dynasties) and Kushite or Ethiopian (XXV dynasty). The Neo-Assyrian Empire reaches the peak of its power, conquering several neighboring countries, including the Kingdom of Israel.

Greece colonizes other regions of the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. The Etruscan civilization spreads through Italy. Conventionally, this eighth century is taken as the beginning of classical antiquity, with the first Olympiad held in 776 BC. C. At this time it is believed that Homer's epic texts (the Iliad and the Odyssey) were composed. In China, a historic solar eclipse is recorded in 780 B.C. c.

In India —in the middle of the Iron Age— the culture of northern polished black pottery, low technology and production of iron weapons began. This culture is one of the candidates of having been the Vedic culture.

Events

Greece

• The Greek culture is formed.
• Hellenic civilization colonizes the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
• Esparta's political constitution around the 8th century B.C., attributed to Licurgo.
• 797 B.C.: Tespios, king of Athens, dies after reigning 27 years. Your son Agamestor happens to you.
• 778 B.C.: Agamestor, king of Athens, dies after a reign of 17 years and is succeeded by his son Esquilo of Athens.
• Arkish epoch in Greece (776-500 BC)
• 776 B.C.: date on which Diodoro Sculus (from the centuryIa. C.) set the first Olympic Games retrospectively.
• 755 B.C.: Esquilo, king of Athens, dies after reigning 23 years. Alcmeon happens.
• 753 BC: King of Athens Alcmeon dies after a two-year kingdom. It is replaced by Harops, elected for a ten-year term.
• Mid-centuryVIIIa. C.: from this time dates a model in terracotta of the temple of Hera (in Argos). This model is located in the National Museum of Archaeology (Athens).
• By the mid-century, the Greeks had adapted the Phoenician alphabet to their own language, and possibly not much later, Iliad and the Odyssey that had so far been orally transmitted, they would probably become written.
• 736 BC: Greece conquers the island of Malta, making it a colony.
• 734 B.C.: Naxo (in Sicily) is founded as Calcis colony in Eubea (traditional date). Siracusa Foundation, also in Sicily.
• 733 B.C.: Corinthians founded Corinth.
• 724 B.C.: In the Olympics the career of the diaulo.
• At the end of the century, First Messenia War in Esparta; in 724 B.C., Sparta conquers Messenia.
• 706 B.C.: In southern Italy, Spartan immigrants founded Taras (Tarentum), the modern Tarento.

Rome

• In northern Italy the culture of Villanova is finished; Etruscan civilization begins.
• 771 B.C.: In the center of the current Italian peninsula, according to tradition are born Rómulo and Remo. Rómulo will be the traditional founder of Rome.
• 753 BC (21 April): date of beginning of the calendar ab urbe condita (according to the legend, Rómulo founded Rome on this date).

Luperca breastfeeding the Rómulo and Remo twins, foundation of Rome.

• 745 B.C.: End of the Diarchy in the Government of Rome, composed of Rómulo and Tito Tacio, after the death of the Diarchy.
• 716 B.C.: According to Roman legend this year Rómulo finished his mandate.
• 715 B.C.: Numa Pompilio becomes king of Rome.
• 713 BC: Numa Pompilio reformes the Roman calendar.
• 712 B.C.: Numa Pompilio creates the post Pontifex Maximus.

• The Romans begin to use a mixture of egg shells and shell residues as primitive dental paste.^{[chuckles]required]}

Iberian Peninsula

• Iron Age on the Iberian Peninsula.
• The late civilization persists, in its orientalizing period, expanding towards Extremadura and Alta Andalucía. Between 800 and 650 B.C., the decorated stellas of the southwest develop. Between 750 and 700 a. C. develops the "middle period" of Tartesos.
• Installation of the Phoenicians, which spans up to the sixth century BC. The first archeologically accredited settlements occurred between 800 and 775 B.C., and are located on the southern coast of the peninsula (costs of Malaga and Granada: the Toscanos 725-700 B.C., Chorreras, the Morro de Mezquitilla or Almuñécar) and Levantino (Portuaria fenicia La Fonteta). With them the first Greek ceramics arrive to the peninsula.
• 776 B.C. (legendary date): the village of Rosas is founded in the current Gerona (Spain). In fact, the village was founded in the fourth century BC.
• 760-740 B.C.: on the Iberian peninsula, tiria ceramics begin to occur.
• Before 750 B.C.: Phoenician settlement of Morro de Mezquitilla, the oldest in the Iberian peninsula.
• Greek precolonization stage, which reaches the seventh century B.C., with testimonies in deposits of the South and Southeast, together with Phoenician deposits. It is estimated that one of the first Greek settlements, Mainake, was founded around 750 a. C.
• 750 B.C.: In the Iberian peninsula—in the framework of the First Age of Iron—a native evolution of the culture of the urn fields occurs.
• 725/700 - 675/650: proto Iberian culture on the peninsula.
• End of the centuryVIII − the beginnings of the VII BC: in Malaga the deposits of the Necropolis of Trayamar are created.
• Towards 700 B.C.: in Galicia and northern Portugal the Castro culture develops (castros: fortifications). Iron apparition.
• In the current Malaga (in southern Spain) the Phoenicians founded Málaka.

Rest of Europe

• Traco-cimeria influx, cymers, in Central Europe.
• 700 B.C.: Scites begin to occupy the areas of Cimeria, gradually moving the previous inhabitants.

Egypt

• 773 B.C.: Pharaoh Sheshonq III dies in Egypt.
• 750 BC: the XXV dynasty of Egypt begins, which will last until 656 BC. C.
• 730 B.C.: end the XXII and XXIII dynasties of Egypt; start the XXIV, which will last until 715 B. C.
• 730 BC: Piye happens to his father Kashta as king of the Nubian kingdom of Napata.
• 730 B.C.: Osorkon IV happens to Sheshonq IV as king of Egyptian XXII dynasty.
• 728 B.C.: Piye invades Egypt, conquers Menfis, and receives the submission of the leaders of the Nile Delta. He founded the XXV dynasty of Egypt.

Asian

• Assyria conquers Damascus and Samaria.
• End of the centuryVIIIa. C. (approximately 710 B.C.): In Kalhu (now Nimrud in Iraq), the earrings, crowns and rosettes are manufactured (which were found in 1988 in the tomb of Queen Yabay. They were destroyed or stolen from the Iraq Museum (Bagdad) by the U.S. Army.
• c. centuryVIIIa. C.: manufacture of spinning ("hilated") as a woman in Susa (present-day Shush in Iran). It is currently represented at the Louvre Museum (Paris).
• 797 B.C.: Ardis I becomes king of Lidia.
• 783 B.C.: Salmanasar IV happens to his father Adad-nirari III as king of Assyria.
• 782 B.C.: by order of King Argishti I of Urartu was founded the village of Erebuni (actualに).のactualの).) (present-day Yerevan (capital of Armenia).
• 782 B.C.: death of Zhou Xuanwang, king of the Zhou dynasty (1122-256 B.C.) of China.
• 781 B.C.: Zhou Youwang becomes king of the Zhou dynasty.
• 780 B.C.: The first historical solar eclipse is recorded in China.
• 774 BC: the kingdom of Pigmalion of Tyre ends.
• 774 BC: in Tyre (Lebanon) the reign of Pigmalion ends.
• 773 B.C.: Ashurdan III happens to his brother Salmanaser IV as king.
• 772 B.C.: The eastern Zhou dynasty is founded in China.
• 771 B.C.: In China the Zhou dynasty ends when nomads quanrong of the west, along with vassals of Zhou looting the capital Haojing and killing the monarch, King You of Zhou. The Crown Prince Ji Yijiu escapes and reigns as King Ping of Zhou.
• 770 B.C.: In China begins the eastern Zhou dynasty (1122-256 B.C.) when King Ping of Zhou becomes the first king of the Zhou who reigns in the new capital, Chengzhou (today Luoyang).
• 763 B.C. (15 June): In the Near East there is a solar eclipse currently used to establish the chronology of the Old Near East. "On that day," says the Sovereign Lord, "I will make the Sun set at noon and the Earth dark in the day."Book of Amos, 8.9).
• 759 B.C. (7 October): In the area of Galilee, Samaria, Jerusalem (Israel) and Jordan an earthquake of magnitude 7.3 occurs in the seismological scale of Richter leaves a balance of "many dead" (millions of thousands). It is recorded as the "earthquake of the Leprous King Oziah".
• 756 BC: foundation of Cízico.
• 755 a. C. (between 760 and 750 B.C.): in the Jerusalem area (Israel) and Lebanon there is an earthquake that generates a tsunami on the Mediterranean coast.
• 755 B.C.: Ashur-nirari V happens to Ashurdan III as king of Assyria.
• 750 B.C.: Medes are established in current Iran, beating the Persians (but not conquering them).
• 747 BC, February 26: Nabonasar becomes king of Assyria.
• 747 B.C.: Meles becomes king of Lidia.
• 745 B.C.: In the area of Israel and Jordan there is an earthquake that leaves a balance of "thousands of the dead".
• 745 BC: The crown of Assyria is usurped by Pul, who takes the name of Tiglat-Pileser III.
• 743 BC: Duke Zhuang of the Chinese state of Zheng rises to power.
• 743 B.C.: Battle of Kishtan, Tiglatpileser III of Assyria against Sardur II of Urartu.
• 740 a. C.: Tiglath-Pileser III conquers the city of Arpad (in Syria) after two years of siege.
• 739 a. C.: Hiram II becomes king of Tyre.
• 738 B.C.: King Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria invades Israel, forcing him to pay tribute.
• 736 BC: Ahaz begins to reign (16 years) over Judah.
• 732 B.C.: Hosea becomes the last king of Israel.
• 730 B.C.: Matan II happens to Hiram II as king of Tyre.
• 730 B.C.: In the area of Israel and Jordan there is an earthquake that leaves a balance of "many dead" (several thousands).
• 727 BC: Babylon is independent of Assyria.
• 724 BC: Assyrians begin a four-year place against Tyre.
• 722 BC: Fall of the Northern Kingdom (or Israel). The king of Assyria takes over Samaria and part of its inhabitants are deported to Assyria.
• 722 B.C.: begins the spring and autumn period of China's history: King Ping of Zhou of the Zhou dynasty reigns only by name.
• 722 B.C.: Assyrian king Sargon II conquers the kingdom of Israel.
• 721 B.C.: Assyrians invade Israel. The Ammonites flee into the desert.
• 720 BC: end the Assyrian site against Tyre.
• 720-710 a. C.: Expediciones de Sargón II en Babylon contra el caldeo Marduk-apla-iddina.
• 719 B.C.: King Huan of Zhou of the Zhou dynasty (1122-256 B.C.) becomes king of China.
• 718 B.C.: Giges becomes king of Lydia.
• 717 B.C.: Sargon II founded the new capital of Assyria in Dur-Sharrukin.
• 717 B.C.: Assyrian king Sargon conquers the strong Hittite of Carchemish.
• 714 BC: Sargon II defeats the Russian king of Urartu and plunders the whole country.
• February 13, 711 BC: Born in Takachiho, Japan, Emperor Jinmu, the first emperor of his country.
• 710 BC: Judah, Tyre and Sidon rebel against Assyria.
• 705 B.C.: Senaquerib happens to his father Sargon II as king of Assyria.
• 704 BC: Senaquerib moves the capital of Assyria to Nineveh.
• 701 BC: King Hezekiah of Judah rebels against King Sennacherib of Assyria. This plunders 46 cities without taking Jerusalem.
• 700 BC: Tyre rebels against Assyria and forms an independent state.
• In India it is composed in this century (or next) the text of the Brijad-araniaka-upanishad (possibly the first Upanishád, sacred scriptures of Hinduism), that with his doctrine vedānta contradict the doctrines contained in the sacred text Rig-veda (from the end of the second millennium to C.), which has been memorized by several priestly schools (sakha: ‘ramas’) in comments Bhahmana.

Relevant people

• 760 BC: Argishti I dies from Urartu.
• 760 BC: Amaziah of Judah dies.
• 760 B.C.: Esparta Archaeal dies.
• 760 BC: Marduk-apla-usur and Eriba-Marduk, kings of Babylon die.
• 760 B.C.: dies Rivallo, the legendary king of the britons.
• 750 BC: Alara founded the Kingdom of Kush.
• Osorkon III, pharaoh of the XXII dynasty of Egypt (787-759 BC)
• Takelot III, pharaoh of the XXIII dynasty of Egypt (764-757 BC)
• Rudamon, pharaoh of the XXIII dynasty of Egypt (757-754 BC)
• Niumateped, king of Libyans (775-750 BC)
• Titaru, king of Libyans (758-750 BC)
• Ker, king of Libyans (750-745 BC)
• Midas (Roy of Frigia).
• c. 740 BC: Rhomulus and Remo.
• Sheshonq V, pharaoh of the XXII dynasty of Egypt (767-730 BC)
• Tiglatpileser III (744-724 BC), Assyrian king, founder of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
• 725 a. C.: Bakenrenef (also known as Boccoris) happens to his father Tafnajt as king of the XXIV dynasty of Egypt.
• Salmanasar V (reinated between 727 and 722 BC), Assyrian king.
• 720 BC: Zhou Pingwang, king of Zhou dynasty dies in China.
• 715 BC: Osorkon IV dies in Egypt; the XXII dynasty ends.
• Ahaz, king of Judah (735-715 BC).
• Iuput, pharaoh of the XXIII dynasty of Egypt (754-715 BC)
• Sargon II (721-705 BC), king of Assyria.
• Shabako (ruled 716 to 702 BC), king of the XXV dynasty of Egypt. In 720 BC kills Bakenrenef (Boccoris), ending the XXIV dynasty of Egypt.
• Hezekiah of the kingdom of Judah (ruled between 715 and 687 B.C.)
• Senaquerib, king of Assyria and conqueror of Babylon (705-681 B.C.)
• Homer, Greek writer. (The exact date is unknown; it is usually dated between the middle and the end of the centuryVIIIa. C.).
• Hesiod, Greek writer.
• 713 BC: the semi-legendary Zamolxis was born in Dacia.