1945

1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year beginning on a Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

This year marked the end of World War II, after the defeat of the Axis Powers (Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan respectively); allied forces (particularly the United States and the Soviet Union) emerge as global superpowers and quickly establish their hegemony around the world; but that would result in the beginning of an ideological rivalry known as the Cold War that will begin two years later.

It was also the year in which nuclear weapons were used for the first and only time during the final stage of the global conflagration, when the United States decided to drop two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, causing the total destruction of the mentioned cities and the direct death of thousands of civilians, thus contributing to the end of the war.

Nuclear funnel from the atomic bomb on Nagasaki in 1945

Events

January

• January 1: Venezuela declares war on the axis powers.
• 2 January: in Japan—as part of World War II—American, British and Portuguese aircraft attack Taiwan and Okinawa.
• January 3: In Belgium—in the framework of the Second World War—the German offensive of the Ardennes fails in the city of Bastogne.
• January 5: The Soviet Union recognizes the new prophetic regime of Poland.
• January 6: the writer Carmen Laforet receives the I Premio Nadal, for her novel Nothing..
• 10 January: In London, King George VI solemnly opened the preparatory work for the United Nations.
• January 11: In Spain the founding law of the Institute of Hispanic Culture (now the AECID) is decreed.
• January 13: In the framework of World War II, U.S. aviation begins an attack on Saigon (Vietnam), Hong-Kong and Amoy (China).
  • In Japan there is a 6.8 earthquake that left a high number of deaths.
• January 14: Chile begins the 18th edition of the Copa América.
• January 20: In Washington, United States, Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt swears as president for a fourth term.
• January 26: In Argentina, Juan Domingo Perón (secretary of Labor and Providence, and future president of the Republic) decrees the obligation of the holidays paid for all Argentine workers.
• January 27: In Poland—in the framework of the Second World War—the Soviet army arrived at the Auschwitz concentration camp and released more than five thousand prisoners.
• January 30: in the Baltic Sea, 150 km northwest of the Polish city of Danzig—in the framework of the Second World War—the Soviet Navy plunges through torpedoes to the German ship KS Wilhelm Gustloff. 9343 people (civil and military) die and 1239 are rescued by German ships.

February

• 2 February:
  • Ecuador declares war on Nazi Germany.
  • In the Philippines—in the framework of World War II—American and Australian troops return to Manila.
  • In the Teatro Español (of Madrid) the drama is serene Infinite prisonJoaquín Calvo Sotelo.
• 3 February:
  • In Nazi Germany—in the framework of World War II—the allies launch 3000 tons of bombs on Berlin.
  • The Spanish Government creates, by decree, the monopoly Tabacalera S. A.
• 4 February:
  • The German troops end up evacuating Belgium.
  • At the Yalta Conference, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (United States), Winston Churchill (British Empire) and Iosif Stalin (Soviet Union) are divided Europe.
• 6 February:
  • The World Trade Union Conference opens in London.
  • In Quito (Ecuador) the football club Aucas Sports Society is founded.
  • Toreo is regulated in Portugal.
• 11 February: the Yalta Conference, in which Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agree to cast power into the world after the end of the war, is closed.
• 13 February:
  • The city of Budapest is occupied by Soviet forces.
  • In Germany—in the framework of the Second World War—the allies carry out the bombing of Dresden, the largest bombing of the civilian population of the entire war, destroying almost the entire city.
• February 15: In Germany, within the framework of the Second World War, the Russian army takes positions 80 km from Berlin.
• 16 February:
  • In the Philippines—in the framework of the Second World War—the U.S. army attacks the bastion of the Regiver.
• In the Pacific Ocean—in the framework of World War II—the battle of Iwo Jima begins.
• February 19: 30 000 U.S. Marines landed in Iwo Jima.
• February 21 to March 6: The Inter-American Conference on the Problems of War and Peace (Chapultepec Conference) is held in Mexico City.
• February 23: In Nazi Germany, Heinrich Himmler ordered the dismantling of the forgery plant in Sachsenhausen, called Operation Bernhard. Ending the greatest counterfeiting operation of history.
• February 24: In Egypt, President Ahmed Maher Pasha is killed in parliament after reading a decree.
• February 28: in Santiago (Chile) The Americas Cup ends and Argentina wins its Seventh American Cup.

March

• March 5: In the framework of the Second World War, Finland (up until now on the axis) is changing sides and declares war to Germany.
• March 9: Japan occupies the French Indochina.
• March 10: U.S. aviation launches a bombing on Tokyo, resulting in the death of between 75,000 and 200,000 people.
• March 14: the foundation of the airline TAP Portugal.
• 22 March: the League of Arab States is established.
• 22 March: in Madrid, Spain, Dr. Antonio Vallejo-Nágera publishes the first Spanish psychiatry treaty.
• March 27: Argentina declares war on Nazi Germany and Japan by expelling the Germans of the country, but would never participate militarily
• March 23: In Nazi Germany—in the framework of World War II—the allied armies cross the Rhine River.
• Anne Frank's death in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

April

Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Funeral.

Adolf Hitler committed suicide in his bunker.

• April 1st: the battle of Okinawa begins, one of the last battles of World War II.
• 7 April: the Yamato was attacked and sunk by bombers and torpedoes from an American aircraft carrier. America, which caused the death of most of its crew.
• 12 April:
  • President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies of a stroke. It happens to him until then Vice President, Democrat Harry S. Truman.
  • In Chile, the Government affirms that it joins the allies, but it only declares war to Japan (although it will never enter into combat).
  • In the United States, Vice President Harry S. Truman succeeds Franklin Delano Roosevelt in the presidency.
• April 16: the Red Army's offensive on the capital of Nazi Germany begins and with it the battle of Berlin.
• April 23: Marshal Petain returns to France from his refuge in Switzerland to surrender to the liberated French authorities.
• 25 April-26 June: in San Francisco, United States, negotiations are under way for the establishment of the United Nations (San Francisco Conference).
• April 25: A general partisan insurrection takes place in northern Italy. The Italian Social Republic falls.
• April 28: in Milan (Italy), the partisans line Benito Mussolini—exdictator of the Italian Social Republic (and before the Kingdom of Italy) and fascist leader—and expose his body.
• April 29: In his bunker in Berlin, Adolf Hitler married Eva Braun.
• April 30: Adolf Hitler committed suicide with his wife Eva Braun a day before the arrival of Soviet troops to his bunker in Berlin.

May

• May 1st: In Nazi Germany—in the framework of World War II—Soviet troops take Berlin.
• May 7: In Berlin—in the framework of the Second World War—Nazi Germany surrenders unconditionally to allies. World War II ends in Europe (but continues in some areas of Asia and Japan).
• 8 May: the surrender of Germany is signed.
• 8 May: Army Group H is delivered to Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery around Luneburg.
• 14-15 May: in Poliana, near Slovenj Gradec (Slovenia)—in the framework of the Second World War—the Marshal Titus Partisans defeat Nazi German and Croatian soldiers in the battle of Poljana: the last battle of the Second World War in Europe.
• 30 May: Tehran calls on Moscow to withdraw its troops from Iranian territory.
• May 31: The Colombian poet Raúl Gómez Jattin was born in Cartagena de Indias.

June

• June 24: in Murcia, Spain, the Confradía del Santísimo Cristo de las Penas de Molina de Segura was founded.
• 26 June: the Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice are signed in San Francisco, United States.
• June 28: the Monterrey Football Club is founded.

July

• 14 July: Beaugrenelle Station, on line 10 of the Paris subway is renamed Charles Michels.
• 16 July: in the desert Day of the Dead, 96 km northwest of the city of Alamogordo (state of New Mexico), at 5:29:45 local time, the United States detonates its first atomic bomb, Trinity (which is part of the Manhattan project), 19 kt. It starts like that the atomic era. It's the 1129 bomb that the United States detonated between 1945 and 1992. The following two atomic bombs were dropped twenty days later on over the Japanese civilian population in Hiroshima
• 17 July:
  • In the framework of the Second World War, the U.S. army carried out the largest aerial bombardment of the city of Numazu in Japan.
  • In the framework of World War II, the Potsdam Conference is held.
• 18 July: in Madrid, Spain, the dictator Generalísimo Francisco Franco forms the "Fifth National Government" (1945-1951).
• 27 July: In London, UK, the first mandate of Winston Churchill ends.
• July 28: in Peru, José Luis Bustamante and Rivero assumes the presidency.
• July 28: In New York, an air accident occurs: a B-25 bomber crashes into the Empire State Building. 11 people and 3 firefighters die.

August

• August 1st: In Japan, in an air strike between evening and night, 125 B-29 bombers reduce the city of Nagaoka to rubble. 1470 civilians die (men, women and children).
• 2nd of August:—in the framework of the Second World War—the Potsdam Conference, after 17 days of negotiations, defines the political map of post-war Europe.
• August 6: in Japan—in the framework of the Second World War— The United States launches the Little Boy atomic bomb on the civilian population of the city of Hiroshima.
• August 9: In Japan—in the framework of the Second World War— The United States launches the Fat Man atomic bomb on the civilian population of the Japanese city of Nagasaki.
  

  Hiroshima after the American atomic bombing.
• August 9: On the border between the Soviet Union and Manchuria the Red Army troops in command of Marshal Aleksandr Vasilevski attack the Japanese troops of the Kwantung Army in command of General Otozō Yamada, Manchuria battle begins.
• August 15: As part of World War II, Japan surrenders unconditionally to allies. End the war in the Pacific.
• August 15: Soviet troops liberate Korea from the Japanese occupation.
• 17 August: another neocolonial bastion falls: the Indonesians expel the Dutch invaders. Sukarno becomes president of the republic (Declaration of Independence of Indonesia). The Dutch Government will recognize this independence only in 1949.
• August 21: At the Los Alamos Laboratory (New Mexico State) U.S. physicist Harry Daghlian (24) suffers from a nuclear accident during an experiment. It will die 25 days later, from radiation poisoning. Nine months later a similar accident will happen.
• August 21: Constitution in Mexico, D.F. of the Spanish government in exile presided over by José Giral.
• August 31: In Australia, Robert Menzies founded the Australian Liberal Party.

September

• 2 September: on board the battleship Misuri—in the framework of the Second World War—the Government of Japan signs its surrender. It officially ends World War II after six years and one day.
• September 2: In Vietnam, divided, the Republic of South Vietnam is created.

October

• 4 October: In Belgrade (Serbia), the Partizan Sports Society was founded.
• 7 October: the province of Pinar del Río (Cuba) is devastated by a hurricane.
• October 9: in Madrid, Spain, dictator Francisco Franco decrees pardon for those sentenced to death for supporting the Republic during the Spanish civil war.
• 12 October:
  • In Paso de los Libres (Argentina) and Uruguaiana (Brazil) the new Agustín P. Justo - Getulio Vargas International Bridge is open to the public. Two years later, Presidents Juan Domingo Perón (Argentina) and Eurico Gaspar Dutra (Brazil) will officially open it.
  • On the island of Cuba, a hurricane affects a narrow strip of the provinces of Camagüey and Las Villas.
• 13 October: In Germany, the Christian Social Union of Bavaria was founded
• 17 October: in the Plaza de Mayo of Buenos Aires, a congregation of people—led by the CGT and military and police support that organized the popular movement— demand the release of Lieutenant Juan Domingo Perón, arrested by military forces who oppose his policy to favor the workers' sectors.
  

  A multitude of workers meet in Plaza de Mayo to demand the freedom of General Juan Domingo Perón.
• October 18: In Venezuela, President Isaiah Medina Angarita is overthrown by a military coup.
• 22 October: the referendum law is passed to directly consult the Spanish people with matters of particular importance.
• October 24: The United Nations (United Nations Organization) is founded in New York, United States.
• October 29: in Paris (France), the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre pronounces the conference "Experience is a humanism", the starting point of that movement.

November

• 7 November: Mexico enters the United Nations Organization
• November 20: In Germany, the Nuremberg Trials against the Nazi leadership began for war crimes and crimes against humanity.
• 25 November: in Tabriz (Iran), the Democratic Party of Azerbaijan, with the support of the pro-Soviet communist party Tudé, declares the independence of the “National Government of Azerbaijan”. Soviet troops present in Iranian territory prevent the intervention of the Iranian army.
• 28 November: In the Pakistan province of Balochistan there is an earthquake of 8.1 that causes a tsunami that leaves 4,000 dead.

December

• 2 December: in Mexico the company Bimbo is founded.
• 17 December: Honduras joins the United Nations Organization.
• December 20: in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Juan Domingo Perón creates the National Institute of Remunerations, which compels private industries and companies from all over the country to pay the aguinaldo (an additional annual wage) to all Argentine workers.
• December 29: in Chile the government of Juan Antonio Rios discovers oil in Tierra del Fuego.
• In Italy, the musicologist Remo Giazotto (1910-1998) composed the famous Adagio de Albinoniwhich will attribute to Tomaso Albinoni (1671-1751).

No known date

• In 1945 in East Germany the custom of abducting Gypsy children (in German: Kinder der Landstrasse) to educate them among non-Gypsies. This practice had been legalized in Prussia in 1926.

Births

January

• 1 January:
  • Pietro Grasso, Italian politician.
  • Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing pilot.
  • Betty Missiego, Peruvian-Spanish singer.
• January 3: Stephen Stills, American musician.
• January 4: Richard R. Schrock, American scientist, nobel chemistry award in 2005.
• January 6: Claudio Levrino, Argentine actor (f. 1980).
• January 7: María Manuela Díaz Orjales (María Manuela), Spanish singer and painter.
• January 10: Rod Stewart, British musician.
• January 15: María Antonia Iglesias, a Spanish journalist (f. 2014).
• 18 January:
  • José Luis Perales, Spanish singer and composer.
  • María Isabel Allende, Chilean politics.
• January 21, Martin Shaw, British actor.
• January 23: Nora Cárpena, an Argentine actress.
• January 26: Jacqueline du Pré, British cellist (f. 1987).
• January 28: Robert Wyatt, British drummer and musician.
• January 29: Tom Selleck, American actor.
• January 30: Cristina Rota, actress, producer and professor of Argentine-Spanish dramatic art.
• January 31: Jairo Alonso Vargas, Colombian television presenter and journalist (f. 2019).

February

• February 6: Bob Marley, Jamaican musician of réggae (f. 1981).
• 7 February: Pete Postlethwaite, British actor (f. 2011).
• February 9: Mia Farrow, American actress.
• February 12: Thilo Sarrazin, German politician.
• February 13: Simon Schama, British historian.
• 14 February:
  • John Adam II, aristocrat of Liechtenstein.
  • Ladislao Mazurkiewicz, Uruguayan footballer (f. 2013).
• February 16: Fernando Esteso, Spanish actor.
• February 17: Julio César Luna, actor and director of collombo-Argentine television.
• February 20: George F. Smoot, American physicist and astronomer.
• February 21: Walter Momper, German politician, former mayor of Berlin.
• February 22: María del Carmen Aguilar, musicologist and Argentine pedagogue.
• February 24: Barry Bostwick, American film and television actor.
• 26 February:
  • Jimmy "Orion" Ellis, American musician (f. 1998).
  • Tina Sainz, Spanish actress.
• 27 February:
  • Carl Anderson, American singer and actor (f. 2004).
  • Daniel Olbrychski, Polish actor.
  • Danny Rivera, Puerto Rican singer and pacifist.
• February 28: Bubba Smith, American football actor and player (f. 2011).

March

• 3 March:
  • George Miller, Australian filmmaker and producer.
  • Ronald Mallett, American physicist.
• March 4: Dieter Meier, Swiss artist and musician.
• 8 March:
  • Micky Dolenz, American actor, musician and director.
  • Anselm Kiefer, German artist.
• 9 March:
  • Katja Ebstein, German singer.
  • Robin Trower, British musician.
  • Dennis Rader, American serial killer.
• March 11: Pirri, Spanish footballer.
• 13 March:
  • Anatoli Fomenko, Russian mathematician, author of books New Chronology.
  • Esteban Mellino, Argentine actor (f. 2008).
• 15 March:
  • Juan Luis Rodríguez-Vigil, Asturian politician.
  • Eduardo Franco, Uruguayan singer of the band Los Iracundos (f. 1989).
• 17 March:
  • Michael Hayden, American military.
  • Elis Regina, Brazilian singer (f. 1982).
  • José Watanabe, Peruvian poet (f. 2007).
• March 20: Yula Pozo, Mexican actress.
• March 23: Franco Battiato, Italian singer (f. 2021).
• 24 March:
  • Robert Bakker, American paleontologist.
  • Curtis Hanson, American filmmaker (f. 2016).
• March 25: Adriano Pappalardo, Italian actor and singer.
• 28 March:
  • Sally Carr, member of the Scottish group Middle of the Road.
  • Rodrigo Duterte, Filipino politician, Act. President of the Philippines since 2016.
• March 29: Walt Frazier, American basketball player.

Eric Clapton

• March 30: Eric Clapton, British musician.

April

• April 2: Linda Hunt, American actress.
• 4 April:
  • Daniel Cohn-Bendit, German-French politician.
  • Katherine Neville, American writer.
  • Jesus Posada, Spanish politician.

• 7 April: Werner Schroeter, German filmmaker (f. 2010).
• 10 April:
  • Rosa María Lobo, Spanish singer.
  • Shirley Walker, American composer and producer (f. 2006).
• April 12: Jorge Enrique Pulido, Colombian journalist (f. 1989).
• April 14: Ritchie Blackmore, British guitarist.
• April 19: Piero, singer and musician italo-argentino.
• April 20: Thein Sein, Burmese politician.
• April 21: Hernando Casanova, actor, comedian, singer and Colombian director (f. 2002).
• 24 April:
  • Doug Clifford, musician, drummer, American, founding member of Creedence Clearwater Revival
  • Stu Cook, musician, bassist, American, founding member of Creedence Clearwater Revival
• April 25: Björn Ulvaeus, musician, composer, singer, Swedish, founder member of ABBA.
• April 26: Jorge Serrano Elías, politician, engineer, dictator and Guatemalan criminal.
• April 29: Tammi Terrell, American singer (f. 1970).
• April 30: Michael Smith, American astronaut (f. 1986).

May

• May 1st: Rita Coolidge, American singer.
• 2nd of May: Bianca Jagger, an actress, model and Nicaraguan activist.
• May 5: César Alierta, an entrepreneur and a Spanish lawyer.
• May 6: Xosé Lluis García Arias, filologist and Spanish writer.
• May 8: Keith Jarrett, American musician.
• May 9: Jupp Heynckes, footballer and German coach.
• May 11: Margoth Velásquez, Colombian actress.
• 12 May:
  • Ian McLagan, British musician (f. 2014).
  • Alan Ball, British footballer (f. 2007).
  • Claudia Gravy, Spanish actress.
• 13 May:
  • Sam Anderson, American actor.
  • Lasse Berghagen, Swedish singer, musician and actor.
  • Maneco Galeano, Paraguayan musician (f. 1980).
• *Lou Marini, American jazz musician and composer.
• 14 May:
  • Vladislav Ardzinba, Abkhaz President (f. 2010).
  • Francesca Annis, British actress.
  • Yochanan Vollach, an Israeli footballer.
• May 15: Eduardo Pío de Braganza, Portuguese aristocrat.
• 16 May:
  • Carlos Osoro, Spanish bishop.
  • Martha Beatriz Roque, Cuban economist and dissident.
• May 19: Pete Townshend, British musician, The Who.
• May 20: Vladimiro Montesinos, a Peruvian military, lawyer and politician.
• May 21: Carme Valls, Spanish politician and physician.
• 24 May:
  • Dris Yetú, Moroccan politician.
  • Priscilla Presley, American actress.
• 26 May:
  • Carmelo Artiles, Spanish professor and politician (f. 2011).
  • Consuelo Luzardo, Colombian actress.
• 28 May:
  • John Fogerty, American musician and singer.
  • Patch Adams, American doctor and clown.
• May 29: Patricia Conde, Mexican actress.
• May 30: Boti García Rodrigo, activist for the rights of the Spanish LGTBI.
• 31 May:
  • Pepe Eliaschev, journalist and Argentine writer (f. 2014).
  • Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German filmmaker (f. 1982).
  • Laurent Gbagbo, former Ivorian president.
  • Raúl Gómez Jattin, Colombian poet (f. 1997).

June

• 1 June:
  • Frederica von Stade, American mezzosoprano.
  • Gustavo Cisneros, Venezuelan businessman.
• June 3: Isabel de los Angeles Ruano, writer and Guatemalan poet.
• 7 June: Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian chancellor.
• June 13: Alvaro Lemmon, humorist, actor and Colombian singer.
• 17 June:
  • Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist.
  • Ken Livingstone, British politician, former mayor of London.
• 19 June: Aung San Suu Kyi, a Burmese policy, the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize.
• June 20: Anne Murray, Canadian singer.
• 21 June:
  • Adam Zagajewski, Polish poet and essayist.
  • Estela Núñez, actress, singer and Mexican driver.
• June 22: Rainer Brüderle, German politician.
• June 23: John Garang, South Sudanese politician (f. 2005).
• 24 June:
  • Mario Alarcón, Argentine actor.
  • George Pataki, American politician.
• June 25: Carly Simon, American singer.
• June 26 (possibly 1935): Dwight York, a racist Christian religious and African American pedophile in prison since 2004.
• June 28: Luisito Rey, Spanish singer (f. 1992).
• 29 June:
  • Lali Armengol, Spanish playwright.
  • Chandrika Kumaratunga, sterile policy, president between 1994 and 2005.
  • Horacio Cordero, painter, sculptor and Argentinian ceramist.

July

• 1 July:
  • Deborah Harry, American singer and actress.
  • Oscar Zucchi, Argentine historian and researcher.
  • Felipe Sosa, classical guitarist, composer and teacher of Paraguayan guitar.
• July 2: Carmen Jaureguiberry, Chilean television communicator.
• 5 July:
  • Félix Artuso, an Argentine military man killed by mistake during the Falklands War (f. 1982).
  • Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican politician.
• July 7: Adele Goldberg, American business and IT.
• July 8: Micheline Calmy-Rey, Swiss politics.
• 9 July:
  • Dean R. Koontz, American novelist.
  • Gonzalo Morales Sáurez, a Costa Rican hyperrealist painter (f. 2017).
  • Antonio José López Castillo, Venezuelan Catholic Archbishop.
• 10 July:
  • Luis Fuenmayor Toro, doctor and university professor.
  • Virginia Wade, British tennis player.
  • Daniel Ona Ondo, Gabonese politician.
• 15 July:
  • Jeffrey C. Kramer, American film actor and producer.
  • David Granger, 9th President of the Republic of Guyana.
• July 19: William Frederick Reyneke, naturalist, teacher, botanist and South African taxomo.
• 26 July:
  • Metin Çekmez, Turkish actor (f. 2021).
  • Helen Mirren, British actress.
• July 28: Jim Davis, American cartoonist, creator of the Garfield cat.
• 30 July:
  • Patrick Modiano, French novelist.
  • Daniel Lugo, Puerto Rican actor.

August

• August 1st: Douglas Dean Osheroff, American physicist.
• August 5: Loni Anderson, American actress.
• August 9: Manuela Fingueret, writer and journalist from Argentina (f. 2013).
• August 12: Jean Nouvel, French architect.
• 14 August:
  • Steve Martin, American actor.
  • Wim Wenders, German filmmaker.
• 15 August:
  • Alain Juppé, French politician.
  • Khaleda Zia, former Prime Minister Bangladeshi.
• August 18: Pedro de Silva, Spanish writer and politician.
• 19 August:
  • Sandro (Roberto Sánchez), Argentine singer and musician (f. 2010).
  • Ali Humar, actor and Colombian television director (f. 2021).
• 21 August:
  • Gerard Manset, singer, painter, photographer and French writer.
  • Basil Poledouris, American composer of Greek origin (f. 2006).
• August 22: David Chase, writer, director and producer of American television.
• August 24: Vince McMahon, American fighter and promoter.
• August 26: Javier Tusell, Spanish historian and politician (f. 2005).
• 31 August:
  • Van Morrison, Irish musician and singer.
  • Itzhak Perlman, Israeli violinist.

September

• 2 September: Marzenka Novak, actress, singer and writer from Argentina born in Poland (f. 2011).
• September 6: Alberto Saavedra, Colombian actor.
• 10 September:
  • Carlos Mayolo, actor, screenwriter and director of Colombian cinema (f. 2007).
  • José Feliciano, Puerto Rican musician and guitarist.
• September 11: Franz Beckenbauer, German footballer.
• September 12: Milo Manara, creator of Italian comics.
• 13 September: Eulogia Tapia, coplera, litrist and Argentinean singer.
• 15 September:
  • Carmen Maura, Spanish actress.
  • Eusebio Poncela, Spanish actor.
• September 19: José María Latorre, film critic and Spanish writer (f. 2014).
• September 24: John Rutter, British composer.
• September 26: Bryan Ferry, British singer.
• September 29: Alicia Bruzzo, Argentine actress (f. 2007).
• 30 September:
  • The Black Alvarez (Carlos Alberto Álvarez), an Argentine actor and humorist.
  • José Manuel Fuente, Spanish cyclist (f. 1996).
  • Ehud Olmert, politician and Israeli prime minister.

October

• 2 October:
  • Don McLean, American singer and composer.
  • Regina Torné, Mexican actress.
• October 5: Brian Connolly, Scottish singer.
• 13 October: Dési Bouterse, a Surinamese military and political
• October 14: Vicky Hernández, Colombian actress.
• 15 October:
  • Antonio Cañizares Llovera, Spanish Catholic bishop.
  • Florcita Motuda (Raúl Alarcón Rojas), Chilean musician and politician.
• October 18: Huell Howser, American presenter (f. 2013).
• October 19: John Lithgow, American actor.
• October 24: Henry López Sisco, Venezuelan police.
• October 25: Francisco Sá, Argentine footballer.
• October 27: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, a Brazilian politician.
• 30 October:
  • Henry Winkler, American actor.
  • Olivia Leyva, Mexican actress (f. 2019).
• 31 October:
  • Gustavo Álvarez Gardeazábal, Colombian writer and politician.
  • Brian Doyle-Murray, American actor.

November

• November 3: Gerd Müller, German footballer.
• 8 November:
  • Abdelaziz Belkhadem, Algerian politician.
  • Milos Alcalay, a Venezuelan politician and diplomat.
• November 11: Daniel Ortega, Nicaraguan President.
• November 12: Neil Young, Canadian singer.
• 14 November: José Lucas, a Spanish painter.
• 15 November:
  • Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Swedish music.
• *Roger Donaldson, Australian filmmaker.
• 17 November: Roland Joffé, British filmmaker.
• November 17: Sergio López Suárez, illustrator of children's books and Uruguayan writer.
• November 18: Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of the Republic between 2005 and 2015.
• November 21: Goldie Hawn, American actress.
• 22 November. The Tiger of the East, Peruvian singer.
• 23 November:
  • Assi Dayan, an Israeli actor (f. 2014).
• *Dennis Nilsen, British serial killer.
• November 26: Daniel Davis, American actor.
• 27 November:
  • Randy Brecker, American trumpeter.
  • Eiv Eloon, Estonian writer.
  • Benigno Fitial, politician of the Marian Islands.
  • Giuseppe Fiorini Morosini, Italian bishop.
  • Eduardo Garat, an Argentine lawyer, disappeared by the anti-peronist dictatorship from 1976 to 1983 (f. 1978).
  • Roberto Rojas Díaz, Chilean footballer.
  • James Avery, American actor (f. 2013).
• November 28: Alessandro Bianchi, Italian politician.
• November 29: Edmundo Rojas Soriano, a Mexican businessman and politician (f. 1987).
• November 30: Radu Lupu, Romanian pianist.

December

• December 1st: Bette Midler, American actress and singer.
• December 12: Portia Simpson-Miller, first Jamaican minister.
• 13 December:
  • Herman Cain, American politician (f. 2020).
  • Ludivina García Arias, professor and Spanish-Mexican socialist policy.
• December 20: Peter Criss, American drummer, Kiss band.
• December 23: Adli Mansur, Egyptian politician.
• December 24: Lemmy Kilmister, British vocalist and bassist, from the Motörhead band. (f. 2015).
• 25 December:
  • Noel Redding, British musician (f. 2003).
  • Roberto Galicia, Salvadoran painter.
• December 28: Birendra de Nepal, king of Nepal (f. 2001).
• December 30: Davy Jones, British musician (f. 2012).

Unknown Date

• Cristina Fernández Cubas, a Spanish writer and journalist (f. 2000).
• María Nsué Angüe, an Ecuadorian writer and journalist (f. 2017).

Deaths

January

• 2 January: Bertram Ramsay, British military (n. 1883).
• January 3: Edgar Cayce, American curandero and psychic (n. 1877).
• January 6: Edith Frank-Hollander, mother of Jewish writer Anne Frank (n.1900)
• January 14: Arthur Wynne: builder of crosswords and British editor (n. 1871).
• January 15: Richard Fall, director of Czech orchestra and composer, killed in Auschwitz (n. 1882).
• January 31: Eddie Slovik, a U.S. military and soldier (n. 1920).

February

• February 3: Roland Freisler, German Nazi Judge (n. 1893).
• c. February 12: Margot Frank, German Jewish girl, Anne Frank's older sister (n. 1926).
• c. February 15: Anne Frank, German Jewish girl, famous for her diary (n. 1929).
• February 23: Reginald Barker, American filmmaker (n. 1886).

March

• March 26: David Lloyd George, British Prime Minister (n. 1863).

April

• April 8: Wilhelm Canaris, German military (n. 1887).
• April 9: Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German religious (n. 1906).
• April 12: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, American politician, president between 1933 and 1945 (n. 1882).
• 13 April: Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher (n. 1874).
• 17 April: Jaap Hillesum, Dutch doctor, brother of writer Etty Hillesum (1914-1943), gassed in Auschwitz (n. 1916).
• April 18: John Ambrose Fleming, British inventor.
• April 26: Sigmund Rascher, German Nazi doctor (n. 1909).
• April 28: Benito Mussolini, founder of Fascism, leads from Italy between 1922 and 1945 (n. 1883).
• April 30: Eva Braun, wife of Adolf Hitler (n. 1912).
• April 30: Adolf Hitler, Austrian politician and painter, founder of the Nazism, Fuehrer of Germany between 1933 and 1945 (n. 1889).

May

• 1 May: Joseph Goebbels, German politician, Nazi propaganda minister (n. 1897).
• 2 May: Martin Bormann, German Nazi military (n. 1900).
• 4 May: Fedor von Bock, German officer (n. 1880).
• May 5:Peter Van Pels: German Jew who hid with Anne Frank (n.1926)
• May 8: Josef Terboven, German Nazi politician (n. 1900).
• May 23: Heinrich Himmler, German military, SS leader (n. 1900).

June

• June 1: Eduard Bloch, Austrian Jewish doctor, was the doctor of the family of Adolf Hitler (n. 1872).
• June 13: Diego Carbonell, doctor, diplomat and Venezuelan historian. (n. 1884)

July

• July 5: John Curtin, Australian Prime Minister (n. 1885).

August

• August 8: Rafael Porlán, Spanish poet of Generation 27.
• August 10: Robert Hutchings Goddard, American inventor (n. 1882).
• August 18: Subhas Chandra Bose, an Indian nationalist politician (n. 1887).
• August 19: Tomás Burgos Sotomayor, a Chilean entrepreneur (n. 1875).
• August 26: Franz Werfel, novelist, playwright and Czech poet (n. 1890).

September

• September 15: Harry Daghlian (24), an American physicist who died in a nuclear accident (n. 1921).
• September 15: Anton Webern, Austrian composer (n. 1883).
• September 26: Bela Bartok, Hungarian composer (n. 1881).

October

• 15 October: Pierre Laval, a French politician (n. 1883).
• October 16: José Oliva Nogueira, journalist and Argentine writer (n. 1873).
• October 19: Plutarco Elías Calles, Mexican politician, president between 1924 and 1928 (n. 1877).
• October 24: Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian politician and Nazi collaborator (n. 1887).
• October 25: Robert Ley, union leader of Nazi Germany.
• October 31: Ignacio Zuloaga, a Spanish painter (n. 1870).

November

• November 20: Francis William Aston, British physicist and chemist, 1922 (n. 1877).

December

• December 4th: Thomas Hunt Morgan, American physiologist, nobel medical prize in 1933 (n. 1866).
• 4 December: Julio Martínez Male, acronym engineer and Spanish astronomer (n. 1893).
• December 8: Aleksandr Ziloti, pianist, conductor and Russian composer (n. 1863).
• December 16: Irma Grese, prisoner supervisor at the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camps. (n. 1923).
• December 16: Fumimaro Konoe, a Japanese politician (n. 1891).
• 21 December: George Patton, U.S. Military (n. 1885).

Art and literature

• Ivo Andrić: A bridge over the Drina, Travnik Chronicle, Miss.
• Agatha Christie: Sparkling Cyanide.
• George Orwell: Rebellion on the farm.
• Evelyn Waugh: Return to Brideshead.
• Jacinto Benavente: Infanzona.
• J. B. Priestley: An inspector has arrived..
• Ernesto Sabato: One and the Universe.
• Aldous Huxley: The perennial philosophy.
• Karl Popper: Open society and its enemies.
• Bertrand Russell: History of Western Philosophy.
• Carmen Laforet: Nothing..

Sports

• FC Barcelona is proclaimed champion of the Spanish Football League, obtaining its second title in this competition.
• FC Barcelona is proclaimed champion of the King of Basketball Cup.
• Inauguration of the George Capwell Stadium owned by the Sport Club Emelec in the city of Guayaquil.
• It was founded in Quito to the Aucas Sports Society football club.
• Inauguration of the Lluís Sitjar Stadium owned by the Real Club Deportivo Mallorca in the city of Palma de Mallorca
• The Soria Sports Club is founded.
• Club de Fútbol Monterrey en México

Science and technology

• Mayo Clinic: First use of streptomycin in the treatment of tuberculosis.
• Unesco Foundation.
• Grand Rapids, Michigan is the first city in the world with fluoridated water as a method to prevent tooth decay.

Cinema

• 120 rue de la Gare (120 rue de la Gare), by Jacques Daniel-Norman.
• When the night ("Dead Of Night") of Alberto Cavalcanti died.
• Soul in sieve ("Mildred Pierce") by Michael Curtiz.
• Angel or Devil? ("Fallen Angel"), by Otto Preminger.
• The bells of Santa Maria ("The Bells Of St. Mary's") by Leo McCarey.
• Brief encounter ("Brief Encounter") by David Lean.
• Unforgettable Song ("A Song To Remember") by Charles Vidor.
• Captain Kidd (Captain Kidd), Rowland V. Lee.
• Letters to my beloved ("Love Letters") by William Dieterle.
• César and Cleopatra ("Caesar and Cleopatra"), by Gabriel Pascal.
• The code of love ("Sing Your Way Home") by Anthony Mann.
• Edgar G. Ulmer's detour.
• Unmarked days ("The Lost Weekend") by Billy Wilder.
• Carnival Sunday, Edgar Neville.
• Two in the dark ("Two O'Clock Courage") by Anthony Mann.
• The burial spirit ("Blithe Spirit"), of David Lean.
• Tonight and every night (Tonight and Every Night) by Victor Saville.
• Walter Lang's "State Fair".
• The great Flamarion ("The Great Flamarion"), by Anthony Mann.
• Men walking on the tail of the tiger ("Tora no o wo fumu otokotachi"), by Akira Kurosawa.
• The body thief ("The Body Snatcher") by Robert Wise.
• Human ties ("A Tree Grows In Brooklyn") by Elia Kazan.
• Lifting anchors ("Anchors Aweigh"), by George Sidney.
• The moon is worth a million, from Florián Rey.
• The Keys of the Kingdom ("The Keys Of The Kingdom") by John M. Stahl.
• The Woman in the Window, by Fritz Lang.
• The children of paradise ("Les Enfants du Paradis") by Marcel Carné.
• They were not essential ("They Were Expendable") by John Ford and Robert Montgomery.
• Objective Burma ("Objective, Burma!") of Raoul Walsh.
• May the sky judge it ("Leave Her To Heaven") by John M. Stahl.
• Blue Rapsodia ("Rhapsody In Blue") by Irving Rapper.
• Spellbound (Remember. in Spain, Tell me your life in Argentina), Alfred Hitchcock.
• The portrait of Dorian Gray, led by Albert Lewin. It's a version of Oscar Wilde's book. He also won the Oscar for the best photograph. It was one of the first films that combined color use with black and white dramatically.
• Rome, open city of Roberto Rossellini.
• San Antonio ("San Antonio") by David Butler and Robert Florey.
• Blood on the Sun ("Blood On The Sun") by Frank Lloyd.
• I know where I go ("I Know Where I ́m Going!"), by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger.
• The Southerner by Jean Renoir.
• The three gentlemen ("The Three Knights") of Norman Ferguson.
• The last of the Philippines (film), Antonio Román.
• Life in a thread, Edgar Neville.
• The valley of the destination ("The Valley Of Decision") of Tay Garnett.
• Yolanda and the thief ("Yolanda and the Thief"), by Vincente Minnelli.
• The zarina ("A royal scandal"), by Ernst Lubitsch and Otto Preminger.

Television

Nobel laureates

• Physics: Wolfgang Pauli
• Chemistry: Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
• Medicine: Alexander Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain and Howard Walter Florey
• Literature: Gabriela Mistral
• Peace: Cordell Hull