1904

1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year beginning on Friday in the Gregorian calendar.

Events

January

• January 1st: In Uruguay the last civil war of its history begins, with the uprising of the white war leader Aparicio Saravia against the government of José Batlle and Ordóñez.
• January 3: In Ireland John Edward Redmond tries to relaunch the nationalist movement of the Home Rule.
• 4 January:
  • In Spain the first aeronautics laboratory is created.
  • In the United States, President Theodore Roosevelt addressed a message to the Congress on the facts of Panama.
• 7 January: The CQD distress signal is established.
• 13 January: the province of South Australia adopts its flag.
• January 16: In downtown Madison Square Garden, the first large-scale physicoculture competition is made.

February

• February 5: Japan breaks diplomatic relations with Russia.
• 7 February:
  • In the United States, a fire in the city of Baltimore causes hundreds of deaths and $50 million in material losses.
  • In Valladolid there is a demonstration of women asking for "bread and work"; the Guardia Civil attacks them and leaves several wounds.
• February 8: A Japanese naval attack in Port Arthur, Liaodong Peninsula, begins the Russian-Japanese War.
• 11 February: The temporary forts that hit Spain cause floods at different points of the Peninsula.
• February 21: Russian Minister of War Alexei Kuropatkin is appointed commander-in-chief of the Earth Army in Manchuria.
• February 22: Argentina establishes the Orcadas Base, the first permanent base of the Antarctica.
• February 23: The United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone for $10 million.
• February 28: in Lisbon (Portugal) the Sport Lisboa e Benfica is founded.

March

• 3 March:
  • In Spain the law establishing Sunday rest is enacted.
  • William II of Germany records the first sound political document using a photographer, Thomas Edison's invention.
  • The U.S. National Guard intervenes in Springfield to end a pogrom against the black population.
  • New immigration law in the United States establishing an entry fee
• 13 March:
  • The Redeemer Christ is inaugurated on the border between Argentina and Chile, putting an end to some clashes between those two countries.
  • In Buenos Aires, Alfredo Palacios triumphs in the elections for national deputies in the district of La Boca, recognizing himself as the first socialist legislator in America. He was author of much of the Argentine labor legislation and the book The new law. He inspired the University Reform of 1918 and was appointed by the Congress of Latin American Students as a "master of America".
• 22 March: the American newspaper Daily Illustrated Mirror publishes for the first time in history a color photography.
• March 31: The Battle of Guru is delivered, the British army in command of Francis Younghusband defeat the Tibetan troops.

April

• April 2: near Okahandja, European settlers beat the heirs.
• 3 April: in Malaga, the Malaga Football Club is founded, predecessor of the Málaga CF.
• 4 April: Two earthquakes of 6.9 and 7.2 leave more than 200 dead in Kresna (Bulgaria).
• 7 April: in Barcelona, Alfonso XIII inaugurated the Fabra Observatory.
• 8 April:
  • The non-aggression and regulation of the colonial expansion Entente Cordiale is signed between the United Kingdom and France, ending with hostilities.
  • Longacre Square is renowned as Times Square.
• 12 April: in Port Arthur, the Russian battleship Petropavlovsk and the Pobeda is destroyed by Japanese mines.
• April 19: The Great Toronto Fire destroys much of the city, leaving no fatalities.
• April 30: In the United States the Universal Exhibition of San Luis begins.
• 30 April-1 May: between the Yalu River, the battle of the Yalu River is waged. The Japanese defeat the Russian troops.

May

• 1 May: In Argentina, President Julio Argentino Roca ordered the police repression of a meeting of approximately 70,000 workers in the porteño neighborhood of La Boca, which resulted in the death of Juan Ocampo, an eighteen-year-old sailor; during his wake the police also broke down and took his body, so it is considered that he is the first worker killed by the state in the republic and also his first disappeared.
• 4 May:
  • Preparations for the construction of the Panama Canal begin.
  • In Gelsenkirchen, Germany, the Schalke 04 Club is founded.
• May 5: Tibetan troops attack the British camp in Chang Lo.
• May 15: in Port Arthur, the Japanese battleships Yashima and Hatsune They are attracted and sunk by Russian mines.

• 21 May: the FIFA, the world governing body of football, is founded.

June

• 3 June:
  • In Spain are the old hard ones.
  • The International Alliance of Women
• June 15: 1021 people die in New York Bay when the passenger ship is on fire General Slocum.

• 16 June:
  • Date of the novel Ulysses James Joyce.
  • In Helsinki, Nikolai Bobrikov is killed by Eugen Schauman.
• 28 June: SS Norge shipwreck in Rockall causing death to 635 people.

July

• 1 July: In Leverkusen, Germany, the Bayer 04 Leverkusen was founded.
• July 28: in Buenos Aires (Argentina) the football club Ferro Carril Oeste was founded.

August

• August 3: British troops gain control of Lhasa, Tibet.
• 4 August: In Avellaneda (Argentina) the Independent Atletic Club is founded.
• August 12: In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil founded the club Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas.
• August 14: Ismael Montes becomes Bolivia's 26th president.
• 15 August: in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the Argentinean Association is founded.

September

• September 7: Francis Younghusband and the Dalai Lama sign the Anglo-Tibetan treaty,
• September 24: the last Uruguayan civil war with the Peace of Aceguá culminates, after the death of Aparicio Saravia, with the victory of the government the institutionality of the country is consolidated.

October

• 3 October: Spain and France signed a treaty on Morocco, before the agreement of 27 November 1912 that led to the creation of the French and Spanish protectorates.
• 12 October:
  • In Buenos Aires, the Atlanta Club is founded.
  • In Argentina, Manuel Quintana assumes the presidency.
• October 20: the Peace and Friendship Treaty between Bolivia and Chile is signed in the framework of the Pacific War of 1879
• October 28: New York Metro, which has a 15-kilometre network, is inaugurated in the United States.

November

• 6 November: an earthquake of 6.1 shakes Taiwan leaving 145 dead.
• 8 November: United States presidential elections of 1904. Republican Theodore Roosevelt wins the elections and is re-elected president, defeating Democrat Alton B. Parker with an advantage of 286 electoral votes for the Republicans versus 190 for the Democrats.

December

• 1 December:
  • The Universal Exhibition of San Luis ends.
  • The Governments of Brazil and Bolivia sign a Peace Treaty.
  • In Mexico, General Porfirio Díaz holds the presidency for the eighth time for the presidential term 1904-1910.
• December 6: In the United States, President Theodore Roosevelt—as a reaction to the naval blockade of Venezuela of 1902-1903— adds to the Monroe Doctrine (“America for Americans”) the Roosevelt Corolary (“America for Americans”).

Art and literature

• Joseph Conrad: Nostromo.
• Antón Chéjov: The garden of the cherry trees.
• Azorín: The confessions of a little philosopher.
• James Matthew Barrie: Peter Pan and Wendy.
• L. Frank Baum: The wonderful land of Oz.
• Hermann Hesse: Peter Camenzind.
• Henry James: The golden cup.
• James Joyce: The sisters.
• Franz Kafka: Description of a fight.
• Jack London: The sea lion.
• Luis A. Martínez: To the coast
• Romain Rolland: Jean-Christophe (first part).
• Jules Verne:
  • A drama in Livonia.
  • Dueño del mundo.
• H. G. Wells: The food of the gods.
• Pio Baroja The struggle for life (Look for it, Weed and Red Aurora.)
• Ramón María del Valle-Inclán: Flower of holiness.

Science and technology

• 1 February: First American recording in a phonograph. The Italian singer Enrico Caruso sings "La donna é mobile".
• Santiago Ramón y Cajal: Texture of the nervous system.
• October 31: John Ambrose Fleming, University of London, announced the valve radio.
• Heller describes for the first time the sea bear of the Galapagos Islands (Arctocephalus galapagoensis).

Music

• 17 February: in the Scala de Milan, Giacomo Puccini releases the original version of Madame ButterflyIt's a failure.
• Maurice Ravel: The Melodies of Sherazade.

Sports

Olympic Games

• From 1 July to 23 November the 3rd Summer Olympics are held.
  • The country that wins the medallion is United States.

Climbing

• August 5: Pedro Pidal and Gregorio Pérez climb for the first time the Orange of Bulnes.

Football

• April 3: the Malaga Football Club, the future Malaga CF
• 21 May: FIFA Foundation.
• July 28: the Club Ferro Carril West of Argentina is founded.
• 4 August: the Independent Avellaneda Club of Argentina was founded.
• October 12: the Atlanta Atlético Club of Argentina is founded.
• Boleyn Ground, former West Ham United Stadium

Golfing

• United States Open: Willie Anderson.
• Open British Golf: Jack White.

Tennis

• Universidad de Estados Unidos:
  • Individual Winner: May Sutton .
  • Individual winner: Holcombe Ward .

• Wimbledon Championship:
  • Individual winner: Dorothea Douglass .
  • Individual winner: Lawrence Doherty .

• Roland Garros Tournament:
  • Individual winner: Kate Gillou .
  • Individual winner: Max Décugis .

Births

January

Edris Rice-Wray

• January 3: Boris Kojnó, Russian libretist (f. 1990).
• January 10: Ray Bolger, American actor, singer and dancer. (f. 1987).
• January 11: Pinetop Smith, pianist, American singer and composer. (f. 1929).
• January 18: Cary Grant, British-American actor (f. 1986).
• January 21: Edris Rice-Wray, American physician, oral contraceptive pill pioneer (f. 1990).
• January 26: Diogenes de la Rosa, essayist, diplomat and Panamanian politician (f. 1998).

February

• February 1: Angel Borlenghi, an Argentine trade unionist and politician (f. 1962).
• February 9: Elisabeth Mulder, writer, poet, translator, journalist and Spanish literary criticism (f. 1987).
• February 10: John Farrow, director, screenwriter and Australian producer (f. 1963).
• 11 February:
  • José Finat and Escrivá de Romaní, Spanish politician (f. 1995).
  • Lucile Randon Supercentenary and French Religious
• 14 February: Carlos Vieco Ortiz, Colombian folklore composer (f. 1979).
• February 23: Terence Fisher, British filmmaker (f. 1980).

March

Emilio Fernández

• March 1: Glenn Miller, director of American orchestra and thrombonist (f. 1944).
• March 4: Luis Carrero Blanco, militar y presidente de gobierno español (1973) (f. 1973).
• 22 March: Joaquín de Entrambasaguas, Spanish philologist (f. 1995).
• March 23: Joan Crawford, American actress (f. 1977).
• March 26: Emilio Fernández, Mexican actor and director (f. 1986).

April

• April 3: Dionís Bennàssar, a Mallorcan painter (f. 1967).
• April 6: Kurt Georg Kiesinger, German politician, Chancellor between 1966 and 1969 (f. 1988).
• 17 April: Rudolph Cartier, Austrian television director (f. 1994).
• April 21: Anna Murià Spanish writer (f. 2002).
• 22 April: Maria Zambrano Alarcon filósofa (f. 1991).

May

• May 3: Bing Crosby, American singer (f. 1977).
• 4 May: Agustín Yáñez, Mexican writer (f. 1980).
• May 6: Harry Martinson, Swedish writer and Nobel Prize in Literature in 1974 (f. 1978).
• May 8: Amparo Barayón, pianist and anarchist, republican, socialist and Spanish feminist activist (f. 1936)
• May 11: Salvador Dalí, painter, designer, writer and Spanish filmmaker (f. 1989).
• May 13: Pepín Bello, Spanish writer (f. 2008).
• May 13: Fats Waller, African American jazz pianist (f. 1943).
• May 14: Hans Albert Einstein, physicist, son of Albert Einstein f. 1973).
• May 20: Rosario de Velasco, a Spanish figurative painter (f. 1991).
• May 24: Eduardo Juan Couture, Uruguayan lawyer and academic (f. 1956).
• May 26: Vlado Perlemuter, French pianist (f. 2002).

June

• June 2: Johnny Weissmüller, swimmer and American actor (f. 1984).
• June 14: Margaret Bourke-White, American journalist (f. 1971).
• June 26: Peter Lorre, Hungarian-American actor (f. 1964).

July

• July 5: Ernst Mayr, German biologist (f. 2005).
• 8 July: Henri Cartan, French mathematician (f. 2008).
• July 12: Pablo Neruda, a Chilean writer (f. 1973).
• 12 July: René Lacoste, a French tennis player and businessman (f. 1996).
• July 14: Isaac Bashevis Singer, an American writer of Polish origin, a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1978 (f. 1991).
• July 16: Armando Searchini, a Spanish poet (f. 1940).
• July 18: Joaquín Romero Murube, Spanish poet and essayist (f. 1969).
• July 29: Ricardo Balbín, Argentine politician (f. 1981).

Dolores del Río

August

• August 3: Dolores del Río, Mexican actress (f. 1983).
• 12 August:Alexis Romanov, the last heir to the throne of Russia (f. 1918).
• August 22: Deng Xiaoping, Chinese politician (f. 1997).
• August 26: Christopher Isherwood, British writer (f. 1986).
• August 27:Jose Asunción Flores, Paraguayan composer, creator of the Guarani (n. 1904). (f. 1972).
• August 29:Pauline Pô, French actress and model (f. 1979).

September

• September 10: Juan José Arévalo, politician and Guatemalan president between 1945 and 1951 (f. 1990).
• September 12: John Courtney Murray, American theologian and Jesuit (f. 1967).
• 15 September: Humberto II, last Italian king (f. 1983).

October

• 2 October: Graham Greene, British writer (f. 1991).
• 13 October: Graciela Rincón Calcaño, poetess, narrator, articulist and the Venezuelan dramatic author (f. 1987).
• October 26: Josefina de Vasconcellos, English sculptor (f. 2005).

November

• 4 November: Carlos Castellano Gómez, Spanish composer (f. 2002).
• November 12: Jacques Tourneur, Franco-American filmmaker (f. 1977).
• 18 November: Guido Santórsola, musician, composer, orchestra director and Brazilian professor born in Italy and based in Uruguay (f. 1994).
• 29 November: Giuseppe Cavalli, Italian photographer (f. 1961).

December

• 2 December: Pedro Laza, Colombian composer (f. 1980).
• December 11: Marge (Marjorie Henderson Buell), American hysterist, Little Lulu (f. 1993).
• December 18: George Stevens, American filmmaker (f. 1975).
• December 20: Eugenia Ginzburg, a Russian writer who spent 18 years in the Gulag (f. 1977).
• December 21: Dorotea Barnés González, chemistry, both in research and in teaching, during the Silver Age (f. 2003).
• December 26: Alejo Carpentier, Cuban writer and musicologist (f. 1980).
• December 26: José Díez Canseco, Peruvian writer and journalist (f. 1949).
• December 26: Luis Alberto Acuña Tapias, painter, sculptor and Colombian writer (f. 1994).
• December 26: George Balanchine, Russian-American choreographer (f. 1983).
• 26 December: Jean Gabin, French actor (f. 1976).
• 26 December: James Stern, Irish writer (f. 1993).

No exact date known

Delhy Tejero, Spanish painter and draftsman (d. 1968)

Deaths

• January 5: Karl Alfred von Zittel, German paleontologist (n. 1839).
• January 12: Oreste Síndici, Italian musical composer (n. 1828).
• January 22: Laura Vicuña Pino, laica Salesiana y beata Chilean (1891).
• March 23: Apolinário Porto-Alegre, writer, historiographer, Brazilian poet and journalist (n. 1844).
• March 31: Stepán Makárov, a Russian military and oceanographer (n. 1849).
• April 9: Isabel II, Spanish queen between 1833 and 1868 (n. 1830).
• 1 May: Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (n. 1841).
• May 10: Henry Morton Stanley, British explorer and journalist (n. 1841).
• 13 May: Gabriel Tarde, sociologist, criminologist and French social psychologist (n. 1843).
• June 16: Nikolai Bobrikov, Russian politician (n. 1839)
• July 3: Theodor Herzl, an Israeli journalist and writer of Hungarian origin (n. 1860).
• July 12: Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones, American politician and businessman (n. 1846).
• July 14: Paul Kruger, a South African politician (n. 1825).
• July 15: Antón Chéjov, Russian writer (n. 1860).
• August 9: Friedrich Ratzel, German geographer (n. 1844).
• 25 August: Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (n. 1836).
• September 10: Aparicio Saravia, politician and Uruguayan military (n. 1856).
• September 24: Niels Ryberg Finsen, Danish doctor, nobel medical prize in 1903 (n. 1860).
• October 12: Nicasio Oroño, jurist and Argentine politician (n. 1825).
• 21 October: Isabelle Eberhardt, a Swiss writer (n. 1877).

Nobel laureates

• Physics: John William Strutt, Rayleigh Baron.
• Chemistry: Sir William Ramsay
• Medicine: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
• Literature: Frédéric Mistral, José Echegaray and Eizaguirre
• Paz: Institut de droit international (Instituto de Derecho Internacional).