1892

1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year beginning on Friday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Events

January

• January 1: Ellis Island begins to admit immigrants to the United States.
• January 3: J. R. R. Tolkien is born in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
• January 17: In Iran, King Naseredín Sha Qayar cancels the granting of a monopoly on tobacco to the British Talbot in the face of widespread protests.

February

• February 2: at the University of Madrid (Spain) Santiago Ramón y Cajal is appointed Professor of Histology and Pathological Anatomy.
• February 23: In the Mexican state of Baja California there is an earthquake of 7.2.

March

• 1 March: In Athens (Greece), Theodoros Deligiannis finishes his term as Prime Minister of Greece.
• March 21: An earthquake of 6.0 shakes the Argentine province of Catamarca leaving several deaths.

April

• April 10: a group of Cuban independentists in exile led by José Martí, Antonio Maceo and Máximo Gómez founded the Cuban Revolutionary Party.
• April 19-21: Two earthquakes of 6.4 and 6.2 leave a deceased in northern California.

May

• May 27: The United Kingdom forms its protectorate of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

October

• October 12: In Argentina, Luis Sáenz Peña takes office as president.

November

• 1 November:
  • In the United States, Democrat Grover Cleveland regains the presidency by winning Republican President Benjamin Harrison for a margin of 247 electoral votes compared to the 197 Republican Harrison.
  • In Mexico, he founded the Club de Fútbol Pachuca.

December

• 1 December: in Mexico, General Porfirio Díaz holds the presidency for the fourth time for the presidential term 1892-1896.

Art and literature

• Arthur Conan Doyle publishes The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
• Piotr Kropotkin publica The conquest of bread (see the book online).
• Maria Nieves and Bustamante publishes her book Jorge, the son of the people.
• Paul Gaugin finishes his painting When do you get married?
• Robert Louis Stevenson publishes "The Hangover"
• Francisco Tárrega composed his work Arab Capricho
• Austrian economist and sociologist Friedrich Freiherr von Wieser publishes Die Werth Theorie (The Theory of Value).

Science and technology

• Hendrik Antoon Lorentz: Maxwell's electromagnetic theory and its application to moving bodies.
• Henri Poincaré: Thermodynamics.
• In Buenos Aires, inventor Juan Vucetich identifies a murderer for his fingerprints.
• Georg Kükenthal describes for the first time the Atlantic dorso dorso dolphin (Sousa teuszii).

Music

• Giuseppe Verdi: Falstaff.
• Piotr Chaikovski: Cascanues.
• Jules Massenet: Werther.

Cinema

• Pauvre Pierrot, from Émile Reynaud.

Sports

• 15 March: Liverpool FC was founded in England
• June 25: FISA (International Federation of Societies of Remo) was founded in Turin, France.
• August 15: Founded in Valparaíso, Chile, the Santiago Wanderers Sports Club.

Births

January

• January 3: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, linguist and British fantasy writer (f. 1973).
• 4 January: María Díaz Cortés, a gypsy-ethnic woman who was allegedly 117 years old (f. 2009).
• January 18: Henry Conover, American ornithologist (f. 1950).
• January 20: Raul Pilla, politician, doctor, journalist and Brazilian teacher (f. 1973).
• January 28: Ernst Lubitsch, American filmmaker (f. 1947).

February

• February 6: William Parry Murphy, American Doctor. Nobel Medical Award in 1934 (f. 1987).
• 13 February: Robert H. Jackson, U.S. Attorney General (f. 1954).
• 17 February: Oscar Soldati, journalist, cartoonist and Argentine painter (f. 1965).

March

• March 6th: Victoria Kent, Spanish Republican Attorney and Policy (f. 1987)
• March 8: Juana de Ibarbourou, Uruguayan writer and poet.(f. 1979)
• 16 March: César Vallejo, a world-renowned Peruvian poet as one of the most innovative poets of the centuryXX.(f. 1938)
• March 28: Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist, nobel medical prize in 1938 (f. 1968).

April

• April 2: Hans Leybold, German Expressionist Poet (f. 1914).
• April 8: Richard Neutra, Austrian architect (f. 1970).
• April 11: Francesca Bertini, Italian actress (f. 1985).
• April 13: Robert Watson Watt, radar inventor (f. 1973).
• April 14: Vere Gordon Childe, Australian archaeologist (f. 1957).
• April 15: Corrie ten Boom, a Dutch writer and activist (f. 1983).
• April 27: Albert Rudomine, French photographer (f. 1975).

May

• 2 May: Red Baron (Manfred von Richthofen), German military aviator (f. 1918).
• May 3: George Paget Thomson, British physicist, nobel physics award in 1937 (f. 1975).
• 7 May: Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav military, prime minister between 1945 and 1953, and president between 1953 and 1980 (f. 1980).
• May 22: Alfonsina Storni, Argentine poet (f. 1938).
• May 23: Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, Spanish footballer (f. 1923)

June

• June 12: Djuna Barnes, American writer (f. 1982).
• June 12: Ferdinand Schörner, German general (f. 1973).
• June 16: Luisa Puchol, Spanish actress and singer (f. 1965).
• June 26: Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Literature Prize in 1938 (f. 1973).
• June 30: Oswald Pohl, German Nazi leader (f. 1951).

July

• July 8: Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov, Soviet aeronautical engineer (f. 1944).
• July 8: Richard Aldington, British writer and poet (f. 1962).
• July 15: Walter Benjamin, German philosopher and writer (f. 1940).
• July 23: Haile Selassie, Ethiopian emperor between 1930 and 1936, and between 1941 and 1974 (f. 1975).
• July 25: José Monegal, Uruguayan writer and journalist (f. 1968).
• July 29: Salustiano Mas Cleries, a Spanish military doctor (f. 1955).

August

• August 2: Jack Warner, Canadian film producer (f. 1978).
• August 15: Louis-Victor of Broglie, French physicist, nobel prize of physics in 1929 (f. 1987).

September

• 8 September: Natividad Almeda-Lopez, first female lawyer of the Philippines (f. 1977).
• September 10: Arthur Compton, U.S. physicist, nobel physics award in 1927 (f. 1962).
• 23 September: Geneviève Tabouis, French historian and journalist (f. 1985).
• September 26: Marina Tsvetáyeva, a Russian writer, who highlighted as a poet and prosist (f. 1941).

October

• October 1: Emilio Pettoruti, Argentine painter (f. 1971).
• October 23: Gummo Marx, American actor and comic (f. 1977).
• October 31: Enrique Claverol Estrada, Claverol, asturian singer of tonada, group component The Four Aces (f. 1950).

November

• November 8: Erminio Blotta, Argentine sculptor (f. 1976).
• November 17: Max Deutsch, French composer of Austrian origin (f. 1982).
• November 18: D. E. Stevenson, Scottish novelist (f. 1973).
• November 20: Totila Albert Schneider, Chilean sculptor.

December

• December 4: Francisco Franco, military, dictator and head of Spanish state between 1936 and 1975 (f. 1975).
• 11 December: Giacomo Lauri-Volpi, Italian tenor (f. 1979).
• December 15: Valeriano León, Spanish actor (f. 1955).

Deaths

January

• January 25: Ludovica Guillermina, German queen.

February

• February 22: José Velarde Yusti, a Spanish poet (n. 1848).

March

• March 26: Walt Whitman, American writer (n. 1819).

April

• April 22: Édouard Lalo, French composer

May

• May 28: Bahá'u'lláh, Arab religious leader, founder of Bahaism (n. 1817).

July

• 4 July: Luis Martos and Potestad, was a Spanish conservative military and politician (n. 1825).
• 16 July: Charles Ferdinand Latrille, French military (n. 1814).

August

Deodoro da Fonseca.

• 9 August:
  • V. S. Apte, sanscritologist and Indian lexicographer (n. 1858).
  • Pedro José Sevilla Yturralde, colonel and Peruvian military (n. 1815).
• August 23: Deodoro da Fonseca, militar y primer presidente de la República de Brasil (n. 1827).

September

• 6 September: Ramón Plá and Monge, Spanish entrepreneur (n. 1823).
• September 16: Gerónima Montealegre de Carranza, first lady and Costa Rican philanthropist (n. 1823).
• 17 September: Rudolf von Ihering, German jurist and philosopher (n. 1818).

October

• 2 October: Ernest Renán, a French writer (n. 1823).
• October 6: Alfred Tennyson, British poet (n. 1809).
• October 27: William Harnett, American painter (n. 1848).

December

• December 6: Werner von Siemens, German engineer, founder of Siemens (n. 1816).
• s/f: Francisco Jareño and Alarcón, Spanish architect.