1880

1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year beginning on Thursday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Events

January

• January 1st: Construction of the Panama Canal begins.
• 10 January: in the mountain of Cucaracha (Panama) the first load of dynamite is blown up to the mountains of the isthmus to give way to the waters by the interoceanic Panama Canal.

February

• February 2: In Wabash, India, the first electric light post is installed.
• 13 February: In Spain, King Alfonso XII decrees the abolition of slavery in his colonies of Cuba.
• 14 February: in Madrid (Spain) the regulations for bullfighting are approved.

March

• March 15: Argentina creates the political party Partido Autonomista Nacional.
• March 19: In Fregenal de la Sierra (Badajoz), the first long-distance telephone call was made in Spain thanks to Rodrigo Sánchez-Arjona and Sánchez-Arjona, who had a telephone line between his house in the Bajoextremeño municipality and a farm of his property, called Las Mimbres.
• March 30: In Madrid, Spain, the Estación de Delicias, the first railway station in the city, was inaugurated.
• March 31: Wabash (United States) becomes the first city in the world lit with electric light in its streets.

April

• April 18: In the UK, William Gladstone defeats Benjamin Disraeli in the general elections, thus becoming prime minister for the second time.
• April 24: in Illinois, United States, a tornado takes root in the village of West Prairie.

May

• May 13: In Menlo Park (New Jersey), American inventor Thomas Alva Edison performs the first test of his electric train.

June

• June 5: in El Puerto de Santa María (Spain) the Plaza de Toros de El Puerto is inaugurated.
• June 7: In Arica (Peru) in the framework of the Pacific War, the Chilean army beats the Peruvian army and takes over the city of Arica, which is now part of Chile.
• June 24: Canada is publicly interpreted, for the first time, the work O Canadawhich will later become the national anthem of Canada.
• June 29: France is "anexa" the island of Tahiti.

July

• 14-25 July: a series of strong earthquakes between 7 and 7.6 hit the Philippine island of Luzon causing great destruction.
• 27 July: in the framework of the Second Anglo-Afghan War, the Afghans win a lyric victory over the British army in the battle of Maiwand.

August

(Asia) The prototype of an artifact in which you could ride and jump on yourself was created, it was called pogo, a few years later the final model would come out after a great acceptance by society.

September

• September 19: In Logroño (Spain) the Breton Theatre of the Herreros opened
• 20 September: in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the law proclaiming that capital city of Argentina is sanctioned.
• September 5: In the Russian city of St.Petersburg the tram is used for the first time in the world.
• September 10: Paraguay ' s independence is officially recognized

October

• October 12: In Argentina, the first president of Julio Argentino Roca begins.
• October 15: Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the largest Apache military strategists.
• 16 October: In the south of the states of South Dakota and Minnesota, the 1880 Ventisca, an extraordinarily strong snowstorm that lasted three days.

November

• 2 November: United States presidential elections of 1880. Republican President Rutherford B. Hayes does not access the re-election and declares the Republican Party candidate James A. Garfield, who beats the Democrat Winfield S. Hancock in the elections for an advantage of 194 electoral votes to 175.
• 11 November: In Melbourne, Australia, the outlaw and robber of Australian banks, Ned Kelly, is hung.
• November 22: In Tony Pastor's theatre, in New York City (United States) the Vaudeville actress Lillian Russell made her debut.
• 23 November: in Borton (United Kingdom) Club Manchester City is founded

December

• December 1st: in Mexico, General Manuel González is appointed president.
• December 16: The First War of the Boers begins.
• 20 December:
  • In South Africa the Bronkhorstspruit Action, the greatest of the first battles in the First War of the Boeres, is being waged.
  • The Broadway Boulevard, in New York, is illuminated with electric light. Shortly afterwards he will be known as "The Great White Way".
• December 30: the Transvaal becomes a republic and Paul Kruger is his first president.

No date

• Lord Ripon happens to Lord Lytton as a viceroy of India.
• France: Foundation of the Socialist Party.
• Honduras: the city of Tegucigalpa becomes the final capital of the country.
• Spain: Menéndez and Pelayo publica History of the Spanish heterodox.
• Chile: The National Museum of Fine Arts is founded in Santiago.
• Republic of the Congo: the villa of Brazzaville
• Afghanistan: The Second Anglo-Afghan War ends.

Art and literature

• Edgar Degas: Dancer.
• Auguste Rodin: The Thinker.
• Emile Zola: The experimental novel.
• Paul Cézanne: Autumn flower.
• Rosalía de Castro: Nova folks.
• Fiódor Dostoyevski: The Karamazov brothers.
• Emile Zola: Nana.
• Guy de Maupassant: Sebo Ball.
• Lewis Wallace: Ben-Hur.

Music

• Johannes Brahms makes up the Hungarian Dance.
• Brahms composes the Obertura del Festival Académico.

Science and technology

• January 27: Thomas Alva Edison receives the patent for his incandescent lamp.
• In April, John Venn publishes Mechanical representation and diagrammatic of propositions and reasoning, where you first define the Venn diagram.
• France: Jacques and Pierre Curie discover piezoelectricity.
• Bicycle invention.
• Karl Joseph Eberth, Robert Koch and Georg Gaffky (1850-1918) discover the spleen of typhoid fever.
• Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo: The Spanish Science.
• J. M. Charcot: Lessons on the location of brain and spinal cord diseases.

Sports

• April 10: at Kennington Oval, the Clapham Rovers defeats a goal by zero to Oxford University at the end of the FA Cup.
• 18 November: In Belfast (Ireland), the Irish Football Association is created.

Births

January

• 2 January: Machaquito (Rafael González Madrid), Spanish bullfighter (f. 1955).
• January 5: Nikolái Médtner, Russian composer (f. 1951).
• January 6: Tom Mix, American filmmaker (f. 1940).
• January 10: Manuel Azaña, Spanish politician and writer, President of the Second Republic (f. 1940).
• January 21: Menyhért Lengyel, Hungarian writer and writer (f. 1974).
• January 25: Douglas MacArthur, American military (f. 1964).

February

• 4 February: Louis Halphen, French historian (f. 1950).
• February 8: Franz Marc, German painter (f. 1916).
• February 19: Alvaro Obregón, Mexican politician

March

• March 19: Antonio Ballesteros Beretta, Spanish historian (f. 1949).
• March 22: Kuniaki Koiso, Japanese Prime Minister (f. 1950).
• March 30: Seán O'Casey, Irish writer (f. 1964).

April

• April 12: Harry Baur, French actor (f. 1943).

May

• 4 May: Bruno Taut, German architect (f. 1938).
• May 14th: Wilhelm List, German field marshal (f. 1971).
• May 29: Oswald Spengler, German philosopher and mathematician (f. 1936).

June

• June 6: Norbert Jacques, a Luxembourg writer (f. 1954).
• 10 June: André Derain, a French painter (f. 1954).
• June 27: Helen Keller, a deaf and blind British writer (f. 1968).

July

• 1 July (possibly in the 1900s): Tuti Yusúpova, a supercentenary Uzbek woman (f. 2015)
• July 3: Carl Schuricht, director of orchestra and German musician (f. 1967).
• 8 July: Henri Donnedieu de Vabres, French judge, member of the Nuremberg Tribunal (f. 1952).
• 31 July:
  • Manuel Penella, Spanish composer (f. 1939).
  • Ignacio Alberto Pane Soler, teacher, journalist, editorialist and Paraguayan politician (f. 1920).

August

• August 8: Earle Page, Australian Prime Minister (f. 1961).
• August 22: George Herriman, author of American comics (f. 1944).
• August 26: Guillaume Apollinaire, French writer (f. 1918).
• 31 August: Guillermina de los Netherlands, monarch from 1890 to 1948 (f. 1962).

September

• September 6: Jules Durand, French trade unionist
• 14 September: Archie Hahn, American athlete (f. 1955).
• September 15: Chūjirō Hayashi, Japanese master of reiki (f. 1940).
• September 20: Ildebrando Pizzetti, Italian composer and musicologist (f. 1968).
• September 24: Sarah Knauss, U.S. Supercentenary (f. 1999).

October

• 2 October: Geoffrey Lawrence, British judge, president of the Nuremberg Tribunal.
• 26 October:
  • Andréi Bely, Russian poet and novelist (f. 1934).
  • Quintin Lame, Colombian indigenous leader

November

• 1 November: Alfred Wegener, German meteorologist (f. 1930).
• 2 November: John Foulds, British composer (f. 1939).
• 21 November: Juan Veltroni, Italian architect (f. 1942).
• 26 November: Ibn Saud, first Arab king (f. 1953).
• November 28: Aleksandr Blok, Russian poet (f. 1921).

No exact date known

Josefina Bolinaga, writer of children's stories (d. 1965).

Deaths

• 13 March: Thomas Bell, British zoologist (n. 1792).
• April 2: Augusto Ferrán, Spanish writer.
• May 8: Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (n. 1821).
• 7 June: Francisco Bolognesi, Peruvian military (n. 1816).
• 9 July: Paul Broca, doctor, anthropologist and French anatomy (n. 1824).
• September 21: Manuel Montt Torres, Chilean president between 1851 and 1861 (n. 1809).
• October 12: Severo Chumbita, a Argentinean army guerrilla (n. 1820).
• December 22: George Eliot, British writer (n. 1819).
• December 26: Manuel Murillo Toro, liberal ideologist, statesman and Colombian journalist, twice as president (n. 1816).
• Yaakov Abuhatzeira
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